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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Solar UVB radiation is prejudicial to the health of humans in a number of ways. Erythema and photodermatoses are acute reactions of the skin; keratitis and conjunctivitis are acute reactions of the eye. Various types of skin cancer, accelerated aging of the skin, and cataract formation in the crystalline lens are reactions that appear with great latency. UV radiation can also cause damage to the immune system and DNA. For the period 1981-1991, an increase in erythemal effective UVB radiation of +(7 +/- 4)% per decade was measured in a non-polluted high mountain area (Jungfraujoch, 3576 m a.s.l., Switzerland). This increase is related to a decrease in stratospheric ozone. The effects on human health are discussed. A 10% ozone reduction increases non-melanoma skin cancer by 26% and cataract by 6 to 8%.
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PMID:Biological effectiveness of solar UV radiation in humans. 840 96

A 36-year-old man was stung by a wasp OD. He became delirious and had dyspnea, ocular pain, and severely decreased visual acuity OD. A broken stinger was found in the central deep cornea. Additional ocular findings were keratitis, iritis, cataract, secondary glaucoma, and unrecordable electroretinographic responses.
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PMID:Wasp sting-induced retinal damage. 848 60

The Brown-McLean syndrome is a clinical condition with corneal edema involving the peripheral 2 to 3 mm of the cornea. The edema typically starts inferiorly and progresses circumferentially, but spares the central portion of the cornea. Additionally, the edema is associated with a punctate orange-brown pigmentation on the endothelium underlying the edematous areas. Central cornea guttata is frequently seen. This condition occurs most frequently after intracapsular cataract extraction, but may also occur after extracapsular cataract extraction and phacoemulsification, or pars plana lensectomy and vitrectomy. Surgical complications and multiple intraocular procedures are frequently observed in these patients. Less frequently, the Brown-McLean syndrome can occur in eyes that have not had surgery. We studied the clinical characteristics of 43 affected eyes of 32 patients. New findings included Brown-McLean syndrome occurring in two eyes of a phakic patient with intermittent angle-closure glaucoma. Two eyes developed Brown-McLean syndrome after phacoemulsification and one eye developed peripheral edema after pars plana vitrectomy and lensectomy. Additionally, severe, infectious keratitis occurred after rupture of peripheral bullae in two eyes. Patients with this condition should be examined periodically and educated regarding the early clinical signs of corneal ulceration.
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PMID:Clinical findings in Brown-McLean syndrome. 850 7

Clinical signs of impaired vision or neurological disease occurred in seven of 74 free-living moose (Alces alces) from Saskatchewan, Canada, submitted for necropsy between 1969 and 1994. Several lesions were found in each eye, including retinal degeneration (seven cases), cataract (six cases), lymphocytic-plasmacytic anterior uveitis (six cases), corneal scars (six cases), keratitis (four cases), and microphthalmia (one case), but their cause was not determined. Moraxella bovis was isolated from the cornea of one moose. Lesions in the brain and spinal cord were mild or absent.
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PMID:Pathology of ocular lesions in free-living moose (Alces alces) from Saskatchewan. 902 95

After having photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), a 29-year-old man suffered from delayed epithelial healing and corneal stromal ring infiltrates. All laboratory results including smear, culture, and biopsy for bacteria, herpes simplex virus, and Acanthamoeba were negative. The suspected cause was patient abuse of anesthetics. Subsequently, it was discovered that for 6 months, since just after the PRK, the patient had intermittently used topical proparacaine drops. After all medication was discontinued and the eye pressure patched, the corneal epithelium healed completely. Practitioners should consider the possibility of topical anesthetic abuse in cases of keratitis after PRK.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1997 Apr
PMID:Keratitis from corneal anesthetic abuse after photorefractive keratectomy. 915 92

A 29-year-old Hispanic man who had bilateral radial keratotomy (RK) and astigmatic keratotomy (AK) in his right eye 1 year previously went swimming in a lake. He subsequently developed foreign-body sensation and pain with a gradual decrease in vision over the following 5 weeks, despite treatment with ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (Ciloxan) and diclofenac sodium (Voltaren). The patient sought a second opinion. On examination, best corrected visual acuity was 20/40 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left. Slitlamp examination revealed mild conjunctival and scleral injection and a 3.5 mm diameter stromal infiltrate densest at the edges (Figure 1). The infiltrate involved one RK and one AK incision with gaping of both, approximately 90% depth incisions (Figure 2). The anterior chamber was deep and quiet. Examination was otherwise unremarkable. The cornea was scraped, but the smears were negative. The Ciloxan and Voltaren were stopped, and scopolamine four times a day was started. Cultures for aerobic, anaerobic, fungal, acid-fast bacilli, and Acanthamoeba were performed but showed no growth in the following week. Except for vascular ingrowth, there was no change in the appearance of the microbial keratitis during this week. An incisional biopsy and rescraping were performed, but there was again no growth of micro-organisms and no change in the microbial keratitis in the following 4 days. How would you manage this patient at this time?
J Cataract Refract Surg
PMID:Consultation section. Refractive surgical problem. 929 62

A 34-year-old man who had excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia developed bacterial keratitis from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. He was treated with intensive topical and systemic antimicrobial agents. The eye recovered an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/30. Bacterial keratitis can occur in young, healthy patients after PRK, especially when a bandage soft contact lens is used without appropriate prophylactic measures.
J Cataract Refract Surg
PMID:Bacterial keratitis after photoreactive keratectomy in a young, healthy man. 929 85

A 62-year-old man had nonsimultaneous, four-incision radial and astigmatic keratotomy in both eyes. Both surgeries were uneventful. Twenty-one months later, the patient developed a corneal ulcer within one of the radial incisions in the left eye. Cultures were positive for Pseudomonas. Although Pseudomonas infections in post-RK eyes have been reported, late-onset Pseudomonas keratitis in a patient with four radial incisions and no history of contact lens wear is contrary to previous reports.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1997 Oct
PMID:Delayed-onset Pseudomonas keratitis after radial keratotomy. 936 76

We analyzed all penetrating keratoplasties performed in the Singapore National Eye Centre from 1 January 1991 to 31 December 1995, using records of the Singapore Eye Bank Registry, evaluating the indications, complications, causes of graft failure, visual outcome and graft survival rate. We also looked into donor cornea acquisition in the Singapore Eye Bank and its influence on the development of corneal transplantation in the Singapore National Eye Centre. A total of 327 penetrating keratoplasties were performed during the 5-year period. Bullous keratopathy was an indication in 26.3% of cases. Of these, aphakic bullous keratopathy accounted for 11.6% of all cases, while pseudophakic bullous keratopathy accounted for 11.3%. Other indications were regrafts (11.9%), corneal dystrophies (10.4%), traumatic corneal scarring (10.1%) and keratoconus (9.8%). Graft rejection was a complication in 20% of all cases. Of these, 40.9% led to graft failure. Other major complications were raised intraocular pressure (18%), epithelium-related problems (7.3%), wound dehiscence (4.3%), cataract (3.3%) and microbial keratitis (3.1%). The main causes of graft failure were graft rejection (8.2%), endothelial failure (2.4%), infection (2.4%) and glaucoma (2.1%). Of the 327 grafts, 40.3% achieved best corrected visual acuity of 6/12 or better; 70.8% achieved vision of 6/24 or better. The overall graft survival rate was 82.3% after a mean follow-up period of 2 years. Donor corneas for the penetrating keratoplasties were obtained from foreign eye banks as well as locally, with the local donation rate steadily increasing from 1991 to 1996, with the establishment of proper eye banking facilities and the Singapore Eye Bank. These results show that the indications and outcome of penetrating keratoplasty in the Singapore National Eye Centre are similar and comparable to that of other centres with established corneal grafting programmes. The establishment of the Singapore Eye Bank has ensured the proper co-ordination of acquisition of donor material which has been vital to the development of corneal transplantation in the Singapore National Eye Centre.
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PMID:Penetrating keratoplasty in the Singapore National Eye Centre and donor cornea acquisition in the Singapore Eye Bank. 939 97

A 50-year-old diabetic man developed necrotizing scleritis with adjacent keratitis 4 weeks after uncomplicated cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation through a scleral tunnel incision. Cultures of the necrotic sclera grew Rizopus species. Severe destruction of the globe ensued despite topical, subconjunctival, and intravenous amphotericin B, in combination with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Histopathological examination of the enucleated globe was consistent with Rhizopus infection. One year later, the patient was well without signs of recurrence.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1998 Apr
PMID:Postoperative Rhizopus scleritis in a diabetic man. 958 56


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