Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

LD (with its ocular manifestations) is a worldwide disorder that is increasing in frequency. It is a treatable multisystemic disease that presents in three stages of severity. It can present with unusual forms of conjunctivitis, keratitis, cranial nerve palsies, optic nerve disease, uveitis, vitreitis, and other forms of posterior segment inflammatory disease. A patient with any of these ocular manifestations should be questioned for exposure to an area endemic for LD, tick bites, skin rash, or arthritis. Such patients should undergo serological testing. If the clinical presentation is suggestive of LD, a course of oral antibiotics should be used (unless the patient gives a history of adequate therapy). Topical corticosteroids can be used for anterior segment inflammation. An antibiotic therapeutic trial can be used for posterior segment or neuroophthalmic disease. Systemic corticosteroids without concomitant antibiotics should not be used in the treatment of ocular LD. If ocular LD is discovered and treated early, response to therapy usually is satisfactory.
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PMID:The ocular manifestations of Lyme disease. 926 95

Mycotic Keratitis with Induced Uveitis Caused by Scedosporium Apiospermum. In the work the case of mycotic keratitis with induced uveitis is descriped. Affected is young healthy woman working in a fruit and vegetable store. Affection arised on cornea in the area of previous erosion. Current antibiotics did not have any effect on the affection after repeated negative cultivative examinations. The culture of fibrous mikromycete was gained out of cultivation done on Sabouraud's glucose agar and was identified as Scedosporium apiospermum. This is the first case of mycotic eye infection of this etiology in our conditions. The patient reacted successfully on miconazol treatment. The finding on cornea equals vascularized leucoma, visual acuity is 5/50. In the future perforative keratoplastic is planned.
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PMID:[Mycotic keratitis with uveitis cause by Scedosporium apiospermum]. 937 19

The eye has a special relationship with the immune system; normally, there appears to be intraocular suppression of inflammatory responses. Studies of the immunological principles of intraocular inflammation (uveitis) are mostly done in animal models. Although very complicated, uveitis appears in any case to be T-cell mediated. Uveitis is classified according to anatomical location as anterior, intermediate, posterior and pan-uveitis. Other immunological disorders are the sicca syndrome, keratitis and scleritis. All these disorders may or may not be associated with systemic autoimmune diseases. The chronic and recurring characteristics make uveitis a serious threat to vision. A rapid diagnosis and adequate treatment are therefore very important.
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PMID:[Immunology in clinical practice. XIII. Immune diseases of the eye]. 956 56

Ophthalmologist with a 4-year history (1993-1997) of practice at the Russian Red Cross Hospital in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) shares his experience. More than 30,000 patients were examined and treated. Interesting cases are described: cytomegalovirus retinitis in the presence of AIDS, AIDS-associated involvement of the eyes (uveitis, keratitis, Kaposi's sarcoma), herpes zoster involvement of the eyes, phlyctenar keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, trachoma, diseases of the eyes concomitant with syphilis, a case with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada. Clinical course and therapy of these diseases under local conditions are described.
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PMID:[Features of the course and treatment of several eye diseases in Eastern Africa]. 972 Apr

Ocular leprosy is rarely seen in developed countries. We report the long-term follow-up of a patient with bilateral uveitis, glaucoma, and keratitis. Skin, iris and aqueous humor biopsies disclosed abundant Wade-Fite-positive organisms consistent with Mycobacterium leprae. Leprosy must be considered in the differential diagnosis of keratitis and uveitis.
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PMID:Lepromatous uveitis diagnosed by iris biopsy. 978 35

The data on the use of the difluoroquinolone lomefloxacin in the treatment of ocular infections such as bacterial conjunctivitis and keratitis, ulcer of the cornea, uveitis, gonococcal and chlamydial conjunctivitis are presented.
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PMID:[Lomefloxacin in treatment of infectious eye diseases]. 982 8

The frequency of tuberculous uveitis has extremely decreased in Japan. Anterior granulomatous or non-granulomatous uveitis, chorioretinitis and retinal vasculitis are common ocular manifestations, while tuberculoma, scleritis, keratitis and orbital tuberculosis are rare. The diagnosis of ocular tuberculosis is extremely difficult because ocular tuberculosis tends to be negative in chest x-ray or tuberclin skin test. To diagnose ocular tuberculosis clinically some ophthalmologists recommend subconjunctival tuberculin test or therapeutic isoniazide (INH) test. Recently, for confirmed diagnosis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique has been used to detect mycobacterium in intraocular samples such as aqueous or vitreous humor. The mainstay of treatment is antituberculosis agents. Active retinal vasculitis or tuberculoma are generally responsive to corticosteroid therapy. Although ocular tuberculosis is rare, it must be considered as one of the possible causes of uveitis.
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PMID:[Ocular tuberculosis]. 988 31

The ocular pharmacokinetics of topical diclofenac sodium was studied in two experimental models of ocular inflammation and compared to physiological conditions. Keratitis or uveitis were induced by intrastromal injection of clove oil or by intravitreal lipopolysaccharide in rabbits. The control eyes were not inflamed. Simultaneously to the induction of inflammation, 30 microl of 0.1% diclofenac were applied topically in the right eye. Diclofenac levels were measured by HPLC in the cornea, aqueous humor (AH), iris/ciliary body (ICB) and plasma 30 min, 1, 3, 6 and 12 h after application. In physiological conditions, diclofenac reached a peak level in the cornea and ICB at 30 min slowly decreasing afterwards. Low levels of diclofenac were found in AH. In keratitic eyes, two peak levels which were significantly higher than in the controls were found in the cornea 30 min and 3 h after application. Diclofenac concentrations in keratitic AH and ICB were lower than in controls. In uveitic eyes, corneal and ICB levels peaked at 30 min, being significantly higher than in controls, and decreased quickly to very low levels at 1 h after application. In uveitic AH, diclofenac levels were lower than in controls. Plasma levels were very low (less than 0.1 microg/ml) in all experimental groups. It is concluded that the ocular pharmacokinetics of topical diclofenac is affected by inflammatory processes in the eye, reaching higher levels in the target tissues.
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PMID:The ocular pharmacokinetics of topical diclofenac is affected by ocular inflammation. 1032 47

In reviewing the clinical features, diagnostic evaluations and therapies of the most common ocular viral infections we attempt to whet your appetite for attacking the numerous challenges in diagnosis and treatment of viral eye disease. The herpes viruses, HSV, VZV and CMV are the cause of significant ocular morbidity. HSV most commonly affects the cornea producing keratitis that can be recurrent and may lead to corneal clouding and neovascularisation. Manifestations can be purely infectious or immunological and treatment options must be tailored to the underlying pathophysiology. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, caused by VZV infection of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve, produces a characteristic rash and can progress to keratitis and uveitis. HSV and VZV can cause retinitis in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. There has been a significant increase in the incidence of CMV retinitis since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic. We review the numerous new treatments, diagnostic tests and treatment strategies which have been developed in response to this potentially blinding retinal infection. Adenovirus produces an epidemic conjunctivitis and epidemic keratoconjunctivitis which are severe and extremely contagious conjunctival infections. HIV, molluscum contagiosum, EBV and rubeola also cause ocular diseases which are described.Copyright 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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PMID:Virus infections of the eye. 1039 8

Of 822 calves, ranging in age between one day and six months necropsied between 1996 and 1998 at Miyazaki University, histological examination showed that 25 (3.0%) had ocular lesions. These ocular lesions consisted of suppurative inflammation (13 cases), cataract (seven cases), and retinal atrophy (five cases). Inflammatory changes were classified as suppurative keratitis (one case), keratitis and uveitis (ten cases), and uveitis and retinitis (two cases). Cataract was subclassified into three categories; cortical (three cases), nuclear (one case), and mature (three cases). These lesions were characterized by degenerative changes in the lens fibers and the appearance of eosinophilic globules known as Morganian globules. In the most severely affected case, there was capsular rupture of the lens, resulting in severe infiltration by eosinophils and histiocytes of the whole anterior chamber. Almost all the calves with retinal atrophy had been suffering from severe hydranencephaly and three had significantly raised levels of neutralization antibodies for the Akabane and/or Aino viruses. This study indicates that congenital arbovirus infections may predispose calves to ocular diseases, especially retinal atrophy.
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PMID:A pathologic study on ocular disorders in calves in southern Kyushu, Japan. 1072 Jan 84


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