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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An adult male python was observed to have an inflamed right eye. After several weeks of antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy, a granulomatous mass was noticed on the cornea. The condition became progressively worse and the eye was enucleated. The histologic diagnosis was granulomatous mycotic keratitis with panophthalmitis.
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PMID:Mycotic keratitis in a reticulated python. 73 26

A clinical and mycological study of 21 cases of mycotic keratitis, a clinical entity not yet reported from Nigeria or West Africa, showed that Fusarium solani was the predominant aetiological agent. It was isolated from 12 cases. Four of the remaining nine cases were caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, one by A. flavus, two by Penicillium citrinum, and one each by P. expansum and Penicillium sp. All the 12 isolates of F. solani grew well at 37 degrees C and survived at 40 degrees C. Two cases, one due to F. solani and the other to A. fumigatus, were accompanied by panophthalmitis.
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PMID:Mycotic keratitis in Nigeria. A study of 21 cases. 79 55

The role of mucin in the manifestation of Pseudomonas keratitis was studied. Pseudomonas was cultivated in solutions of mucin, in which it grew rapidly and then inoculated into rabbit cornea by needle pricks. When the organism was inoculated as a suspension in saline, infection infrequently occurred as small ring abscesses of short duration around a few sites of inoculation. When the organism was inoculated as a suspension in a solution of gastric mucin, infection was usually observed as severe hypopyon-keratitis with formation of a huge ring abscess. Corneal perforation and panophthalmitis resulted in some cases. It was thus concluded that the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas is definitely increased when it was inoculated into the cornea with mucin solution.
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PMID:The role of mucin on experimental Pseudomonas keratitis in rabbits. 81 95

A case of deep keratomycosis with isolation of Rhodotorula glutinis is discussed. Keratoplasty, done immediately, prevented panophthalmitis and cured the patient. The etiology and pathogenesis of fungal keratitis is examined.
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PMID:Keratomycosis with an unusual etiology (Rhodotorula glutinis): a case report. 155 65

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic, gram negative bacillus that causes serious hospital acquired infections. However, it also causes infections with unusual presentations which are acquired in a non-hospital environment. This report will discuss the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and therapy of this uncommon infection, such as: 1) Pseudomonas folliculitis: a superficial or deep bacterial infection associated with the use of public hot tubs, whirlpools and swimming pools. 2) Invasive external otitis: an infection that can progress to skull base mostly associated to elderly diabetic patients. It is usually secondary to aural irrigation with contaminated water. 3) Pseudomonas osteomyelitis: an infection usually associated with nail puncture wounds especially if wearing tennis shoes. 4) Toe with infection: mostly associated with individuals using topical antibacterial agents. 5) Green nail syndrome: a non tender paronychia lesion that appears most often in persons whose hands are constantly exposed to water, soaps and detergents or are subject to mechanical trauma. 6) Corneal ulcer keratitis: mostly associated with the use of soft lenses, eye drops, mascara or contaminated whirlpools. This condition may terminate in panophthalmitis. 7) Endocarditis: most commonly associated with intravenous drug addicts.
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PMID:Unusual presentation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: a review. 181 75

Invasive bacterial eye infections in the neonate range from perforating keratitis to panophthalmitis. These infections have gained clinical and therapeutic importance since mortality rates are high and prognosis concerning preservation of vision is poor. Effective antibiotics against the infective agents are now available. Risk factors for developing invasive bacterial eye infections are mainly prematurity and colonisation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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PMID:Bacterial endophthalmitis in neonates. 330 66

Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a rare ocular pathogen. We report a case of panophthalmitis caused by this fungus. The patient was a healthy 62-year-old janitor with no history of ocular trauma in whom keratitis developed. Cultures of corneal scrapings identified the fungus. Despite treatment with appropriate antimycotics the keratitis progressed to infectious scleritis and then spontaneous perforation of the globe, which necessitated enucleation. The ultrasonographic, microbiologic and histologic findings are discussed and the results of in-vitro sensitivity testing presented.
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PMID:Lasiodiplodia theobromae panophthalmitis. 390 60

Intraocular infection due to Blastomyces dermatitidis is rare, and only 10 cases have previously been reported. Manifestations of ocular blastomycosis can range from keratitis to panophthalmitis, and it is often difficult to diagnose ocular blastomycosis early. We report the case of a 45-year-old man who had disseminated blastomycosis that involved the lungs, skin, and ocular uvea and who was successfully treated with systemic and local antifungal therapy. We also review the literature describing the spectrum of clinical findings due to intraocular blastomycosis.
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PMID:Intraocular blastomycosis: case report and review. 807 76

Bacillus cereus is a gram-positive aerobic or facultatively anaerobic spore-forming rod. It is a cause of food poisoning, which is frequently associated with the consumption of rice-based dishes. The organism produces an emetic or diarrheal syndrome induced by an emetic toxin and enterotoxin, respectively. Other toxins are produced during growth, including phospholipases, proteases, and hemolysins, one of which, cereolysin, is a thiol-activated hemolysin. These toxins may contribute to the pathogenicity of B. cereus in nongastrointestinal disease. B. cereus isolated from clinical material other than feces or vomitus was commonly dismissed as a contaminant, but increasingly it is being recognized as a species with pathogenic potential. It is now recognized as an infrequent cause of serious nongastrointestinal infection, particularly in drug addicts, the immunosuppressed, neonates, and postsurgical patients, especially when prosthetic implants such as ventricular shunts are inserted. Ocular infections are the commonest types of severe infection, including endophthalmitis, panophthalmitis, and keratitis, usually with the characteristic formation of corneal ring abscesses. Even with prompt surgical and antimicrobial agent treatment, enucleation of the eye and blindness are common sequelae. Septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and surgical and traumatic wound infections are other manifestations of severe disease. B. cereus produces beta-lactamases, unlike Bacillus anthracis, and so is resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics; it is usually susceptible to treatment with clindamycin, vancomycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and erythromycin. Simultaneous therapy via multiple routes may be required.
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PMID:Bacillus cereus and related species. 826 90

We report the frequency and type of infectious ocular complications following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and review diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. During the period September 1988 through November 1994, 684 patients underwent OLT at Mount Sinai Hospital (New York). Nine orthotopic liver transplant patients (1.3%) developed ocular infections: Candida albicans endophthalmitis (2), Aspergillus fumigatus endophthalmitis (1), cytomegalovirus retinitis (4), herpes simplex virus keratitis (1), and varicella-zoster virus panophthalmitis (1). The mean time from OLT to ocular symptoms was 42 days for patients with fungal infections and 128 days for patients with viral infections. Blurred vision was the commonest symptom (five of nine cases). The mean duration of follow-up was 2 years (range, 33 days to 5 years). Permanent loss of vision occurred in three patients, five had improvement in visual acuity, and one died of disseminated aspergillosis 33 days after OLT. Infectious ocular complications following OLT may occur as isolated events or with disseminated disease. Fungal infections occur earlier (mean, 42 days after OLT) than viral infections (mean, 4 months after OLT). The clinical presentation may be atypical; aggressive vitreoretinal procedures and serial examinations may be required to establish the diagnosis. Cytomegalovirus retinitis in orthotopic liver transplant patients may not require life-long maintenance therapy with antiviral agents.
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PMID:Infectious ocular complications in orthotopic liver transplant patients. 919 78


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