Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This is the case of a female child with molluscum contagiosum widely disseminated around the mouth and the eye-lids. Antibiotics were used to stop local staphylococcal superinfection. Follicular conjunctivitis and keratitis punctata disappeared only after complete removal of all cutaneous lesions. Biological diagnosis was done by direct observation of the Poxvirus with the electron microscope, since isolation of the virus itself is impossible. Ultrastructural study of the excised tumor has shown the different stages of the growth of the virus, and the associated cellular lesions.
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PMID:[Ultrastructural study of a case of molluscum contagiosum (author's transl)]. 14 86

One case of molluscum contagiosum of the lid, which has been followed by follicular conjunctivitis and superficial punctate keratitis, has enabled us to compare the ultrastructure of the skin tumor and of the conjunctival lesion. Electron microscopic observation is the only way for discovering the causal Poxvirus. Up to now isolation of the viral strain has not been possible. Examination of the skin tumor showed different maturation forms of the virus and associated cell alterations. In the conjunctiva there was an inflammatory reaction, with exocytosis and infiltration of the chorion by lymphocytes and plasma cells. Intracytoplasmic organelles were formed in the superficial epithelial cells. Their size and structure resembled that of the immature virions found in the epidermic cells. The comparison between skin and conjunctival lesions suggests the following sequence of events in the pathogenesis: the virus, leaving the lid tumor, probably penetrates the conjunctival cells and, without finding the conditions necessary for its full development, produces abnormal viral inclusions unable to become a mature virus. The excision of skin nodules thus cures the infection, since it prevents further reinfection by the skin virus. The morphological criteria on which this hypothesis is based must be confirmed by chemical and morphometrical studies.
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PMID:Fine structure of palpebral molluscum contagiosum and its secondary conjunctival lesions. 31 Feb 61

Certain D-arabinosyl nucleosides, notably D-arabinosyl cytosine (araC) and D-arabinosyl adenine (araA), are useful in the treatment of certain leukemias and some DNA virus infections, respectively. The compounds are lethal to animal cells and some bacteria. Despite extensive deamination, the parent nucleosides are transported within sensitive cells and phosphorylated to the mono-, di- and triphosphates. AraCTP and araATP are good specific competitive inhibitors of tumor cell or virus-induced DNA polymerases, competing with dCTP and dATP, respectively. In addition to markedly inhibiting DNA synthesis, the aranucleotides enter newly formed DNA in internucleotide linkage. Sensitivity to the nucleosides appears to correlate with the relative ratio of formation of the triphosphate via a nucleoside kinase to degradation of the nucleoside via a nucleoside deaminase. Inhibition of the deaminase increases formation of the aranucleoside triphosphate in leukemic or virus-infected cells and markedly increases the toxicity of the nucleosides. Combinations of inhibitors of the deaminases and of the arnaucleoside are being explored in clinical situations. In addition, the slow penetration of aranucleotides into cells has been observed and some of these 5'-phosphates are useful antiviral agents, e.g. against herpes virus in herpetic keratitis.
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PMID:The lethality of aranucleotides. 82 87

A congenital teratoma of the orbit is described. Histologically, the tissues forming the tumor appeared derived from the three germinal layers and showed an advanced degree of differentiation. An exenteration was performed because of suspicion of malignant tumor in the orbit and because of the severe keratitis with impending perforation which ensued the lagophthalmos.
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PMID:Congenital teratoma of the orbit. 89 44

From 1969-1974 1000 unselected enucleated globes have been examined histopathologically. 277 derive from the University Eye Hospital in Hamburg, 723 from various Eye Hospitals in northern and southern Germany. They originate from 589 men and 408 women, three times the sex was unknown. 86 globes had to be removed from children less than 15 years old. 6 groups of etiologies have been distinguished: trauma (308), histologically confirmed neoplastic disease (281), ocular manifestations of systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, occlusions of central retinal vessels presumably following generalized vascular disease etc.: 128), "operative ocular disease" (164), primary inflammatory disease (71), miscellaneous (malformations, high myopia, pseudo-glioma and pseudo-melanoma: 48). The etiology "operative ocular disease" consists of 67 primary glaucomas (57 adults, 10 buphthalmus), 41 idiopathic cataracts (7 of these congenital) and 3 primary corneal dystrophies, as well as 53 cases of primary retinal detachment. Among the 281 neoplastic diseases, there are 238 primary intraocular malignant melanomas of the uvea, 18 retinoblastomas, 4 primary reticulumcellsarcomas of the retina, 2 choroidal nevi, 10 intraocular metastases and 9 orbital tumors. 16 enucleations among the 1000 enucleations have been performed for pseudo-gliomas (5 x Coats disease, 5 x persistent primary hyperplastic vitreous, 2 x retrolental fibroplasia, others 4 x). The manifestations of systemic disease are consisting of 68 central retinal vein-occlusions, 30 complications of diabetes mellitus and 10 central retinal artery occlusions as well as 20 other generalized diseases. A primary inflammatory disease led to enucleation 50 times due to an intraocular process, 5 times due to scleritis and 18 times as a consequence of keratitis (including 13 times herpes simplex). As the final clinical cause for enucleation the following categories have been elaborated: secondary glaucomas (416), clinical diagnosis of "tumor" (275), atrophy and phthisis bulbi (118), inflammation (112), acute trauma to 4 weeks after the accident (72), others (7). In conclusion the central role of rubeosis iridis leading to secondary angle closure glaucoma is emphasized. This process presents a challenge to ophthalmologic research. Finally the significance of early surgery for primary angle closure glaucomas and for complete restoration of the anterior chamber after trauma and any intraocular procedure is stressed.
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PMID:[Etiology and final clinical cause for 1000 enucleations. (A clinico-pathologic study) (author's transl)]. 95 59

An 8-year-old girl had an orbital-adnexal lymphangioma and ipsilateral orbital and middle cranial fossa arteriovenous malformations. High-resolution magnetic resonance image scanning, orbital ultrasonography, and digital subtraction angiography were used for diagnosis and preoperative assessment. Complications related to this vascular neoplasm included amblyopia, acute hemorrhage with proptosis, exposure keratitis, cosmetic deformity, and recurrent preseptal cellulitis. The girl was treated with both embolization and orbital surgery for recurrent hemorrhage and proptosis. We postulated that the coexistence of a lymphangioma and arteriovenous malformation represents an unusual and extensive maldevelopment of vascular embryogenesis.
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PMID:Concomitant lymphangioma and arteriovenous malformation of the orbit. 186 6

Greene's melanomas, implanted in the anterior chamber of 31 eyes of 19 Dutch rabbits, were treated with hyperthermia induced by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The percentage necrosis 24 hr after treatment (N) as a function of steady-state intratumor temperature (T) could be described with N(T) = -181.5 + 4.7T (P less than 0.05). The most frequent side effect was a local hemorrhagic keratitis. The acoustic absorption coefficient and thermal conductivity of the tumor tissue were 0.08 cm-1 X MHz-1 at 36 degrees C and 0.011 W, cm-1 X degrees C-1, respectively. With these parameters a simple thermal model was established that enabled us to predict the ultrasonic intensity needed to reach a desired intratumor temperature.
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PMID:The effects of ultrasonically induced hyperthermia on experimental tumors in the rabbit eye. 272 40

The chronic toxicity and carcinogenic potential of morpholine were evaluated in 60 Sprague-Dawley rats/sex/group receiving morpholine at mean inhalation exposure concentrations of 0, 10, 50 and 150 ppm for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week, for 104 weeks. Survival, body weight gains, organ weights, hematology, and clinical chemistries were normal in exposed groups and comparable to those of the control animals. The incidences of palpable tissue masses and of histologically confirmed neoplasia were comparable among all groups, including the control groups, and were typical of the strain and age of the rats tested. In-life clinical examinations revealed increased incidences of irritation around the eyes and nares, chromadacryorrhea, and urine stains on the fur, predominantly in high-dose animals. Morpholine exposure was associated with corneal irritation seen by ophthalmoscopic examination and confirmed microscopically as keratitis limited to the highest exposure group. Irritation of the maxillary and nasoturbinates as indicated by infiltration of neutrophils, focal squamous metaplasia of the turbinate epithelium, and necrosis of the turbinate bone was observed in high-dose animals. Therefore, chronic exposure of rats to morpholine for 2 years at concentrations of 150 ppm or less revealed no carcinogenic potential or chronic systemic toxicity. Consistent with its known irritating properties, morpholine produced only local irritation, which was limited almost exclusively to high-dose animals.
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PMID:Chronic morpholine exposure of rats. 273 64

A consecutive series of 14 patients with trigeminal schwannoma managed surgically at the Neurological Institute of New York since 1970 is reported. Nine women and five men (mean age 40 years) were diagnosed following a mean symptom duration of 33 months. Abnormalities of trigeminal nerve function were present in 11 patients on admission examination. Facial pain was a prominent feature in eight patients. Two patients, both with schwannomas arising from the trigeminal root, presented initially with typical trigeminal neuralgia. Additional cranial nerve palsies or cerebellar or pyramidal tract signs were noted in eight patients. The surgical approach to these tumors depends on their anatomical location. Four patients had tumors confined to the middle fossa, three patients had tumors limited to the posterior fossa, and seven patients had both supratentorial and infratentorial components of their tumors. Twenty operative procedures were performed on these patients, resulting in complete extirpation in six patients, nearly complete removal in seven patients, and partial removal in one patient. Adherence of the tumor to the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus or the brain stem precluded total removal. There was one postoperative death. In the immediate postoperative period, abnormalities of cranial nerves controlling the extraocular muscles were common. In general, these deficits were transient; however, some permanent loss of trigeminal nerve function occurred in nine patients. Two patients required tarsorrhaphy for neurotropic keratitis, and two patients underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting procedures for hydrocephalus or for a persistent CSF leak. The follow-up period ranged from 4 to 177 months (mean 47 months). The clinical features, anatomical considerations, and surgical approach to these rare tumors are discussed. A clinical review of 106 additional cases of trigeminal schwannoma, reported in the English literature since 1935, is also presented.
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PMID:Trigeminal schwannoma. Surgical series of 14 cases with review of the literature. 305 25

Megavoltage x-radiation was used to treat orbital nasal, and paranasal cavity malignant neoplasia in 29 dogs. In each instance, the globe and adnexal tissues were within the treatment portals (entry and/or exit). Doses administered to tumors ranged from 3,680 to 5,000 cGy. Ocular reactions after irradiation were classified as mild in 5 of 29 cases (17.2%) and severe in 17 of 29 cases (58.6%). No ocular complications were noticed in 7 of 29 cases (24.1%). Complications frequently noticed included severe keratitis (41%), mild conjunctivitis (34%), severe conjunctivitis (28%), cataract (28%), and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (24%). Ocular complications that developed were not life threatening, but posed a threat to visual function and patient quality of life. Treatment for the complications included control of bacterial infection, reduction of tissue inflammation, and ocular surface protection when tear film deficiencies were noticed. Mild complications represented acute effects of irradiation, and typically resolved. Severe complications developed both acutely and as late irradiation effects. Those attributed to late irradiation effects were more vision threatening and altered the quality of life more than did the early effects.
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PMID:Ophthalmic complications following megavoltage irradiation of the nasal and paranasal cavities in dogs. 310 20


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