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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mycoplasma canis was the most frequent mycoplasmal isolant obtained from the conjunctival surface of the eyes of dogs. Nine mycoplasmal isolates, 5 were M canis, were recovered from the lower cul-de-sac of 101 dogs. Experimentally induced immune keratitis was produced by sensitizing guinea pigs to 3 antigen preparations of M canis and then administering intracorneal challenge inoculation. The guinea pigs were clinically observed by leukocyte migration-inhibition (LMI) technique and by histopathologic study of their corneas. The corneal reaction of the guinea pigs was not identical to a clinical entity of the dog.
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PMID:Cultivation of mycoplasma from conjunctiva and production of corneal immune response in guinea pigs. 114 53

The isoenzyme pattern of an Acanthamoeba, stock H-1, isolated from a patient with keratitis (Krankenhaus Heidberg, Hamburg) was compared with that of two strains of A. quina-A. lugdunensis (302-2, 312-1), two stocks of A. lenticulata (45, 89-1) and one strain of A. rhysodes (302-1). The isolated stock showed glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), beta-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase (beta-HBDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzyme patterns similar to those of A. quina-A. lugdunensis but their acid phosphatase (AP) patterns differed. Furthermore, cyst morphology showed that the patient-isolated stock belongs to group II of the taxonomic classification of Acanthamoeba. This stock was not thermophilic and exhibited non-pathogenic properties after its intranasal instillation into NMRI mice, whereas it killed BALB/c mice. Immunofluorescent studies revealed the presence of antibodies against Acanthamoeba in the patient's serum. Immunoblotting experiments showed that a 45-kDa protein reacted with this serum. Such an antigen was also detected in A. quina-A. lugdunensis and A. lenticulata. Lectin reactions with Canavalia ensiformis, Ricinus communis-120, Lotus tetragonolobus, Ulex europaeus I, Helix pomatia, Arachis hypogaea, Triticum vulgaris, Glycine maxima, Bauhinia purpurea and Mycoplasma gallisepticum demonstrated that only the A. lenticulata stocks could not be distinguished and that the H-1 stock was more similar to the A. lugdunensis 302-2 strain than to the other acanthamoebae.
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PMID:Species identification and characterization of an Acanthamoeba strain from human cornea. 192 51

An 8-year-old boy developed erythema multiforme major after topical administration of sodium sulfacetamide for conjunctivitis. He had received systemic treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole four months previously without evidence of drug allergy. There was no history of recent exposure to other drugs or evidence of herpes simplex or Mycoplasma infection. After 12 days of treatment with erythromycin ointment, 1% prednisolone eyedrops, systemic prednisone, and intravenous nafcillin, the patient's condition improved dramatically. A slit-lamp examination showed only superficial punctate keratitis. Two months later his visual acuity had improved from 20/200 bilaterally to R.E.: 20/40 and L.E.: 20/30.
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PMID:Erythema multiforme after use of topical sulfacetamide. 315 22

To determine whether infection with Mycoplasma bovoculi increases ocular colonization of cattle eyes with Moraxella bovis and other bacteria, colonization of ocular gram-negative bacteria were measured in eyes of cattle infected with Mycoplasma bovoculi. Strains of Moraxella ovis were chosen because these are among the most commonly isolated species of gram-negative bacteria from cattle eyes. Five strains of M ovis were characterized biochemically and by pilus structure, permitting the recognition of 2 biotypes. All strains were tested in a mouse corneal pathogenicity model. One strain of each biotype was selected for testing in calves. All 5 strains were apathogenic for mice, and the 2 strains tested in cattle did not induce keratitis. Infection of calves with Mycoplasma bovoculi increased the amount and persistence of colonization with the strains of M ovis.
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PMID:Mycoplasma bovoculi infection increases ocular colonization by Moraxella ovis in calves. 372 20

The presence of 12 viral (herpes 1 and 2, influenza A(H1N1), A(H3N2) and B, parainfluenza 1, 2, 3, adenovirus 5) and inframicrobial (Chlamydia, mycoplasma, Rickettsia burneti) antigens was investigated by direct or indirect immunofluorescence (IF) reactions in exfoliated conjunctival cells from 110 patients with nonbacterial keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis. A rapid etiological diagnosis could be obtained in 101 (92%) of the cases, parainfluenza and herpes antigens being the most frequently detected. In most of the cases the simultaneous presence of several antigens was made evident. Encouraging results were obtained by the application of a specific treatment based on the diagnosis provided by the IF reaction.
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PMID:Rapid detection by immunofluorescence of multiple viral infections in patients with keratitis. 637 81

A field study investigating the occurrence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) in house finches (Carpodacus mexicanus) was conducted in Maryland and Georgia. Eighty-eight finches were captured and examined grossly and microscopically for MG-related conjunctivitis. Serum samples were obtained for serum plate agglutination (SPA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) testing. Swabs from conjunctiva, sinus, and choanal cleft were inoculated into two mycoplasma broth media for culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. From Maryland, 12 of 57 birds examined had gross conjunctival lesions. MG was isolated from 9 of the 12 affected birds and from three birds without gross lesions. Fourteen of 22 finches tested by PCR were positive for MG. Sixteen of 38 birds were positive for MG by SPA, and 9 of these had HI titers of 1:40 or 1:80. From Georgia, 3 of 31 finches examined had gross lesions; two of these were both culture and PCR positive for MG. Twelve birds were positive by SPA, and two of these had HI titers of 1:80. Histologic findings in birds with gross conjunctivitis from both locations were characterized by extensive epithelial and lymphoid hyperplasia as well as lymphoplasmacytic inflammation in conjunctival tissues; keratitis was rarely present. The source of MG infection in house finches is unknown, and further research is warranted to determine the prevalence and impact of this newly described disease.
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PMID:Field investigation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infections in house finches (Carpodacus mexicanus) from Maryland and Georgia. 879 Aug 83

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is now a well-defined disease that is caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. CCPP is infectious, contagious and fulfils the classic Koch postulates that characterise such types of disease. The distribution of the disease is not exactly known, but reports of mycoplasma isolation and official declarations to the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) enable a probable distribution map to be obtained. There are many other mycoplasmas that can infect goat and sheep lungs and induce pleuropneumonia. However, pleuropneumonia is often restricted to young animals and the prominent symptom is mastitis in lactating does. Other symptoms may also occur, contributing to a syndrome that has been tentatively described in this paper as 'MAKePS syndrome' for mastitis, arthritis, keratitis, pneumonia and septicaemia.
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PMID:Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia and other pulmonary mycoplasmoses of sheep and goats. 919 20

We evaluated the susceptibility of alpine ibex (Capra ibex ibex) to mycoplasmal conjunctivitis induced by a strain of Mycoplasma conjunctivae isolated from domestic sheep by inoculation of three alpine ibexes with 1.2 x 10(6) colony forming units of M. conjunctivae in the conjunctival sac of both eyes. One more ibex was exposed to the infection by contact. Experimental animals were free of M. conjunctivae and ocular Chlamydia infection before inoculation. Conjunctivitis and serous to mucous lachrymation became apparent in all four ibexes. Clinical signs began within 2 days in inoculated animals and 22 days after the beginning of the experiment in the contact ibex. M. conjunctivae was demonstrated up to the 63th day post-inoculation by cultural and PCR-methods. After 63 days, histopathologic examination revealed nearly normal ocular tissues, and M. conjunctivae could be detected from two eyes only. No other infectious agents which might cause conjunctivitis or keratitis, including Chlamydia psittaci and Branhamella ovis, were involved. Our investigation indicates that sheep-strains of M. conjunctivae can induce conjunctivitis in alpine ibex, thus showing pathogenicity of this organism for Caprinae species other than domestic sheep and goats.
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PMID:Susceptibility of alpine ibex to conjunctivitis caused by inoculation of a sheep-strain of Mycoplasma conjunctivae. 964 77

The first case was 7-month-old immunodeficiency girl in whom the diagnosis of Acanthamoeba pneumonia was established by culture of a bronchial washing. The patient had been ill for a month when she was admitted due to neonatal thrombocytopenia with respiratory difficulty and treated with gammaglobulin and steroid. Her chest X-ray showed diffuse alveolar consolidation on the left lung with interstitial hazziness and a partial sign of hyperinflation on the right lung. Laboratory tests showed that the Candida antigen was negative and Pneumocystis carinii was not detected. Mycoplasma antigen was negative. All the immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA, IgM) were below the normal range. Five days later the patient expired. The second case was an immunosuppressed 7-year-old boy in whom Acanthamoeba trophozoites were found in the skin biopsy, followed by meningitis leading to death. About five days after a laceration on the region of the left eyebrow, a painful bean-sized nodule developed at the suture site and it was treated with antibiotics and corticosteroid. The skin biopsy showed severe inflammatory cell infiltration. Trophozoites were scattered near the blood vessels throughout the inflammatory zone. From one weak prior to admission, the patient had suffered from vomiting, indigestion and mild fever. Skin nodules with tenderness appeared all over his body surface. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid showed clear, Gram stain was negative, bacterial culture negative, India ink preparation negative, and organism on wet smear negative. On admission day 10, focal seizure of the left extremity occurred. Brain CT revealed calcific density on the left parietal lobe area and hypodensity on the left basal ganglia. He became comatous and died immediately after discharge. Until now in Korea, two cases that are described in this paper, one Acanthamoeba meningoencephalitis case and seven Acanthamoeba keratitis cases including two unreported keratitis cases that are reported in this paper have been presented.
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PMID:Acanthamoebiasis in Korea: two new cases with clinical cases review. 982 99

Routine bacterial cultures of corneal scrapings from seven cats with either ulcerative feline keratitis, keratomalacia, or both yielded colonies which were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Mycoplasma felis (six cases) and Mycoplasma gateae (one case). Identification of the pathogens allowed the use of less empirical and more organism-specific therapy.
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PMID:Clinical use of 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify Mycoplasma felis and M. gateae associated with feline ulcerative keratitis. 1600 Apr 70


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