Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Susceptibility to Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) stromal keratitis (HSK) in the mouse has previously been linked to the Igh-1 locus. The role of natural killer cells (NK) in resistance to viral infections is controversial. The authors studied the influence of the Igh-1 locus on in vitro murine NK activity against HSV-1 infected cell lines. The HSV-1 infected targets were lysed better than uninfected cells by murine splenic lymphocytes. Strain had no influence on virus-augmented cell lysis. Spleen cells from naive HSK-susceptible CAL-20 (Igh-1d) and BALB/c (Igh-1a) mice lysed YAC-1 targets better than HSK-resistant C.B-17 (Igh-1b) mice. The reverse was seen 24 hours after in vivo infection intraperitoneally with HSV-1. In contrast, CAL-20 splenocytes lysed PU5-1R targets better than BALB/c and C.B-17 splenocytes 24 hours after intraperitoneal (IP) infection. No significant differences were detected in interferon (IFN) levels after IP challenge with HSV-1 among the Igh-1 congenics. The data show that differences in NK activity were determined by both the Igh-1 genotype and the uninfected target cell. Susceptibility to HSK in these Igh-1-disparate congenics thus cannot be explained simply by differences in NK activity against HSV-1-infected targets.
 ...
PMID:Natural killer cellular cytotoxicity against herpes simplex virus-infected cells in Igh-1-disparate mice. 170 Jul 71

Seven monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for defined discontinuous and continuous epitopes on glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were surveyed for their capacity to protect against virus-induced corneal disease in a murine ocular infection model. A known amount of purified mAb was transferred passively to BALB/c mice 24 hr after topical infection with HSV-1 on their scarified corneas. At high doses (50-136 micrograms), all seven mAbs protected against the development of persistent necrotizing stromal keratitis. Significant protection was also observed at low doses (20 micrograms) with two mAbs to discontinuous epitopes and two mAbs to continuous epitopes. Selected high-dose mAbs also were able to reduce the severity of blepharitis. These results indicated that at least seven different antigenic sites on glycoprotein D can serve as targets for effective antibody therapy in the murine model of HSV-1 ocular infection.
 ...
PMID:Prevention of herpes keratitis by monoclonal antibodies specific for discontinuous and continuous epitopes on glycoprotein D. 171 18

One hundred and forty acute corneal rejection episodes in 94 patients were studied retrospectively. Sixteen episodes in 15 eyes were associated with raised intraocular pressure (IOP) on admission, three of whom had had previously elevated IOP. At six weeks, six (37.5%) still required hypotensive therapy. Five eyes with raised IOP at rejection had lost vision at six weeks. Five of the six eyes with graft failure at review had raised IOP either pre-graft, at rejection or at follow-up. Eyes grafted for herpes simplex keratitis with hypertensive rejection episodes had a higher mean admission IOP, with a more short-lived rise than other eyes.
 ...
PMID:Is raised intraocular pressure a bad prognostic sign in acute corneal graft rejection? 174 56

The T-lymphocyte subsets T11, T4, T8, and the T4/T8 ratio in peripheral blood of patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) were determined by means of monoclonal antibodies. The patients included dendritic keratitis 7 cases, geographic keratitis 7 cases, disciform keratitis 7 cases, metaherpetic keratitis 5 cases, necrotic stromal keratitis 5 cases, and inactive herpetic keratitis 11 cases; 21 healthy subjects served as controls. The results showed that the pattern of T-lymphocyte subsets in inactive patients differed little from that of the controls, while in active patients it varied for different clinical types, of which the clinical significance was discussed.
 ...
PMID:[An immunofunctional assessment of herpes simplex keratitis patients with T-lymphocyte subsets monoclonal antibodies]. 181 26

The peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets in 52 patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) were assessed with monoclonal antibodies. There was marked decrease in WuT3+ and WuT4+, and increase in WuT8+ with consequent diminution of WuT4+/WuT8+ ratio in stromal HSK, while in superficial HSK the above cell counts differed insignificantly from those of the normal controls. These findings suggested that there was immunoregulatory aberration in cases of stromal HSK. After clinical cure by antiviral agents and herpes simplex vaccine or interferon, these immunologic indexes showed no corresponding amelioration, indicating that the recurrence of HSK was probably related to the immunofunction of the host.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical significance of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets to herpes simplex keratitis]. 184 34

We treated three patients with herpes simplex dendritic keratitis that occurred between three and 11 months after keratoplasty. The patients had no history of herpetic infection. The eyes of two of the patients were grafted for corneal scarring of undetermined origin. The eye of the third patient was grafted for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. At the time of onset of dendritic keratitis, all three patients were receiving either maintenance or higher doses of topical corticosteroids. All infections responded to topical antiviral treatment. The findings in these patients illustrate the importance of considering herpes simplex keratitis in the differential diagnosis of all late-onset epithelial defects in the corneal graft, even in the absence of a history of herpes simplex keratitis.
 ...
PMID:Herpes simplex dendritic keratitis after keratoplasty. 165 99

Glycoprotein C (gC) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a receptor for the complement component C3b. We have previously isolated HSV-1 gC- strains (TN1, TN2 and TN3) from a patient with recurrent keratitis at three different times. These are very rare isolates because gC was thought to be essential for the virus in vivo. To determine whether gC modifies the interaction of complement with cell-free virus or virus-infected cells, we constructed gC+ recombinant viruses in which the intact gC gene of strain KOS was inserted into the TN1 virus genome. TN1 virus was inactivated by complement and TN1 virus-infected cells were lysed by complement; however, gC+ recombinant viruses became resistant to these effects of complement. These results suggest a role for gC in protection of both the virion envelope and the infected cell surface against damage by complement. TN1 virus was inactivated by complement from rats (Wistar, WKA, F344 and SD), guinea-pigs (Hartley) and humans, but not by complement from mice (C3H, DDD and BALB/c), which indicates that mice seem to be inappropriate as an experimental model for the study of HSV infection in which complement factors need to be considered.
 ...
PMID:Glycoprotein C of herpes simplex virus type 1 is essential for the virus to evade antibody-independent complement-mediated virus inactivation and lysis of virus-infected cells. 184 74

Patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty for prior herpes simplex keratitis (group A) and corneal disease unrelated to herpes simplex (group B) were investigated to assess whether the cornea is a site for herpes simplex viral latency. All patients were seropositive for herpes simplex viral antibody. Virus was isolated from the tear film postoperatively in one patient and on cocultivation from the cornea of another patient. Herpes simplex viral DNA, however, was detected in the corneas of all patients from group A and half of those from group B by means of the polymerase chain reaction and primers to three well separated regions of the viral genome. Three donor corneas had no evidence of herpes simplex viral DNA. Using RNA polymerase chain reaction, we found evidence of a latency associated transcript and also that of a glycoprotein C coding transcript in two corneas, indicating viral replication. Nine corneas had evidence of a latency associated transcript but no glycoprotein C transcript, which suggests that herpes simplex virus may be maintained in a latent state in the corneas of patients with prior herpes simplex keratitis and in some patients with corneal disease unrelated to the herpes simplex virus.
 ...
PMID:Evidence for herpes simplex viral latency in the human cornea. 185 Jun 15

A 65-year-old man with recurrent herpetic keratitis underwent corneal transplantation for persistent nonimmunologic graft failure. Histopathologic examination of the corneal button revealed an epithelial dendrite containing Cowdry type A inclusion bodies, moderate stromal edema, and a retrocorneal fibrous membrane. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated herpes simplex virus antigens in epithelial cells bordering the dendritic defect and in stromal keratocytes. The mean width of corneal epithelium displaying herpes simplex virus-positive epithelial cells on either side of the dendritic defect measured 200 +/- 46 microns. By electron microscopy, herpesvirus particles were identified in epithelial cells lining the dendrite as well as in stromal keratocytes. Infected keratocytes were scattered throughout the stroma but were not observed subjacent to the epithelial dendrite. This study demonstrates that a recurrent epithelial dendrite can be associated with subclinical stromal infection of the graft.
 ...
PMID:Recurrent herpes simplex keratitis with concurrent epithelial and stromal involvement. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations. 185 Sep 78

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency in sensory ganglion neurons is well documented, but the existence of extraneuronal corneal latency is less well defined. To investigate the possibility of extraneuronal latency during ocular HSV infection, corneal specimens from 18 patients with quiescent herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) were obtained at the time of keratoplasty. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification followed by southern blot hybridization with a radiolabeled oligonucleotide probe was done to detect the presence of HSV-1 genome in these human corneal samples. Two pairs of oligonucleotides from the region of the HSV thymidine kinase (TK) gene and the latency-associated transcript (LAT) gene were used as primers in the PCR amplification. The DNA sequences from either the TK or the LAT gene were identified in 15 of 18 HSK corneas (83%). These results demonstrate that the HSV genome was retained, at least in part, in human corneas during quiescent HSV infection, giving further support to the concept of corneal extraneuronal latency.
 ...
PMID:Detection of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase and latency-associated transcript gene sequences in human herpetic corneas by polymerase chain reaction amplification. 185 32


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10