Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Topical application of 1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide (Virazole) significantly inhibited the development of herpetic keratitis in the eyes of rabbits, as determined by both infectivity and Draize scoring parameters. Significant inhibition of the infection was demonstrated with 10% concentrations of Virazole; a 1% solution had a moderate effect, whereas doses of 0.1 and 0.01% had little activity in this system. A 5% concentration of Virazole similarly inhibited vaccinia keratitis in rabbits. Encephalitis-induced mortality in hamsters initially infected intraocularly with herpesvirus was significantly prevented or inhibited by topical application of 5, 10, and 20% concentrations of Virazole. Surviving, treated hamsters had no signs of herpes keratitis. The 20% concentration was the approximate LD(50) in hamsters. Virazole administered subcutaneously or intraperitoneally to mice did not appreciably alter the course of herpes virus- or vaccinia virus-induced encephalitis in these animals, although in a herpesvirus experiment direct injection of the drug into the brains 3 hr prior to virus inoculation resulted in a significant survivor increase.
 ...
PMID:Effect of 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl1-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide (virazole, ICN 1229) on herpes and vaccinia keratitis and encephalitis in laboratory animals. 479 May 89

Nine corneal specimens were obtained after penetrating keratoplasty for ultrastructural analysis. All the corneas had earlier suffered from herpetic infections and scarring. Six corneas presented vascularized interstitial keratitis and three corneas showed chronic keratitis. Five specimens with interstitial keratitis presented stromal herpes virus-like particles. All the corneas containing virus particles showed stromal lymphocytic infiltration, and in four, macrophages were present. In two cases, lymphocytes were in close contact with affected keratocytes, suggesting that cell-mediated immunity plays a role in herpetic interstitial keratitis. The corneas with disciform keratitis were free of virus particles and leukocytic infiltration. The observed ultrastructural findings suggest that retrocorneal ridges, a form of posterior corneal scarring, has its origin in a granulomatous reaction between the stroma and Descemet's membrane.
 ...
PMID:Virus particles and leukocytes in herpes simplex keratitis. 608 18

Viral antigens were detected by immunofluorescence in exfoliated conjunctival cells from 100 out of 110 keratitis patients investigated. The overall prevalence of respiratory virus antigens (parainfluenza, influenza, adenovirus) was twice as high as that of herpes antigens. The ratio between respiratory and herpes virus antigens was of 4:1 in the patients with acute respiratory syndromes in the past history, as against 2:1 in those who had had no respiratory illness.
 ...
PMID:Associated respiratory and herpes virus infections in patients with acute keratitis. 609 48

Corneal tissue obtained during superficial keratectomy from a patient with herpesvirus disciform keratitis was studied by immunoelectron microscopy. Clinically, this cornea had a dense central infiltrate with a circumferential opaque ring histologically resembling the immune ring described by Wessely. Histologically, along the line of altered keratocytes and ground substance, an infiltration of inflammatory cells was found. Herpesvirus particles were seen by electron microscopy in the corneal stroma, but these virus particles had abnormal, noninfective forms such as empty capsids and incomplete virions. By immunoelectron microscopy with a peroxidase-labeled antiherpesvirus antibody reagent, herpes-virus antigens were localized inthe corneal keratocytes and in the corneal stroma. The major localization of the virus antigens was in association with the herpes virions and surrounding vacuoles in the keratocyte nucleus and in the corneal stroma in the area of degenerating keratocytes. These findings support the view of a hypersensitivity mechanism in the pathogenesis of herpes simplex virus disciform keratitis.
 ...
PMID:Viral antigens in the immune ring of Herpes simplex stromal keratitis. 624 64

The effect of trisodium phosphonoformate (PFA) has been compared to that of idoxuridine (IDU) when applied topically in both liquid and ointment preparations on herpetic keratitis in rabbits. Trisodium phosphonoformate had a therapeutic effect but was not as effective as idoxuridine in the vehicles tested. This was seen with both herpes-immunized and non-immunized rabbits. A herpesvirus mutant inducing a PFA restant DNA polymerase was used to infect rabbit corneas. A comparison of the effect of PFA on the keratitis caused by this resistant mutant and the wild type herpesvirus indicates that the therapeutic effect of PFA on the herpes keratitis was due to an inhibition of herpesvirus DNA polymerase.
 ...
PMID:Effect of trisodium phosphonoformate and idoxuridine on experimental herpes simplex keratitis in immunized and non-immunized rabbits. 624 66

The severity of herpetic keratitis induced by 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus was significantly reduced by cotherapy with 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) and 2-deoxycoformycin. Therapy with 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (F3TdR) significantly reduced the severity of keratitis induced by an acyclovir-resistant strain with a defective DNA polymerase. Therapy with 3 percent acyclovir ointment slightly reduced the number of herpetic lesions produced by either deoxypyrimidine kinase or DNA polymerase defective viruses, despite these viruses being 100 to 1000 times more resistant to acyclovir than the wildtype strain. Therapy with 3 percent ara-A ointment alone significantly reduced the severity of lesions produced by the wildtype herpes strain. Therapy with ara-A alone did not reduce the severity of disease induced by any of the acyclovir-resistant mutants. The sensitivity of the wildtype and mutant viruses to nucleoside analogs was confirmed by yield-reduction assays conducted with Vero cells. These studies indicate that cotherapy with ara-A and an adenosine deaminase inhibitor was a reasonable alternative therapy for keratitis due to mutants resistant to therapy with nucleoside analogs which require the virus-specified deoxypyrimidine kinase or DNA polymerase, while ara-A alone was not an effective alternative.
 ...
PMID:Chemotherapy of herpetic keratitis induced by acyclovir-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1. 628 20

Immuno-enzymatic assay of aqueous humor and serum antiherpetic antibodies was performed in 155 patients with all types of uveitis and with keratitis. Globulin levels were also determined in the two fluids, employing an original nephelometry-laser technique. This immuno-enzymatic technique, which possesses greater reliability, reproducibility, and sensitivity than passive hemagglutination, appears suitable for microassay in aqueous humor, and demonstrates the production of anti-herpes antibodies in this fluid to the exclusion of other specificity. Applying limits of at least 1/40e for H.A. antibody levels, and at least 10 for the immunity load coefficient, these antibodies could be demonstrated in half of the cases of clinically confirmed herpes, in one-third of clinically suspected cases, and in two intermediary cases of uveitis where no predictive signs of herpes were present. In contrast, specific antibodies were never detected in 70 cases of anterior or total uveitis. Measuring anti-herpes antibodies in aqueous humor and serum by the ELISA method, in association with immunity load coefficients determination in the two fluides, appears to be a very useful method for the future etiological diagnosis of anterior and intermediary uveitis when the etiology is uncertain but clinical signs suggest a possible herpetic origin.
 ...
PMID:[Value of the immunoenzyme method (ELISA) in determining serum and aqueous humor antiherpes immunoglobulin levels (apropos of 155 cases)]. 629 17

The investigations have been carried out concerning the effectiveness of compound ITCl p-chlorophenylamide of 3-methyl-5-benzoylaminoizothiazole-4-carboxylic acid in the therapy of experimental, virus keratitis. Changes occurring on the cornea were morphologically determined and the intensity of the reaction, which per continuitatem penetrates deeper parts of the anterior eye chamber was estimated in the aqueous humor, applying biochemical factors. It has been stated that the drug in question, when applied locally, significantly weakens keratitis caused by herpes virus or by vesicular stomatitis virus. It limits the expansion of the inflammatory reaction, accelerates the reparation processes of the cornea, and causes the reparation changes not to damage the cornea optical transparence or renders the damage weaker. The conclusion has been drawn that the therapeutic effect of the drug is due to its antiviral and anti-inflammatory effect which has been revealed before.
 ...
PMID:Investigations on the activity of p-chlorophenylamide of 3-methyl-5-benzoylaminoisothiazole-4-carboxylic acid (ITCL) in the experimental keratitis. 632 6

We conducted a retrospective study of 107 penetrating keratoplasties in 99 eyes (99 patients) performed from 1970 to 1979 at the Wills Eye Hospital. The follow-up periods ranged from one to 12 years (median, three years). Overall, 86 of the 107 transplants (80%) remained clear and 63 eyes (59%) achieved good to excellent visual acuities (20/60 or better). Preoperative vascularization was not a significant prognostic factor with regard to final visual outcome, graft clarity, or graft rejection. Herpes simplex keratitis was inactive at the time of corneal transplantation in 100 of the eyes (93%). The overall rate of recurrent dendritic keratitis after transplantation for herpes was 19%.
 ...
PMID:Corneal transplantation for herpes simplex keratitis. 634

The presence of 12 viral (herpes 1 and 2, influenza A(H1N1), A(H3N2) and B, parainfluenza 1, 2, 3, adenovirus 5) and inframicrobial (Chlamydia, mycoplasma, Rickettsia burneti) antigens was investigated by direct or indirect immunofluorescence (IF) reactions in exfoliated conjunctival cells from 110 patients with nonbacterial keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis. A rapid etiological diagnosis could be obtained in 101 (92%) of the cases, parainfluenza and herpes antigens being the most frequently detected. In most of the cases the simultaneous presence of several antigens was made evident. Encouraging results were obtained by the application of a specific treatment based on the diagnosis provided by the IF reaction.
 ...
PMID:Rapid detection by immunofluorescence of multiple viral infections in patients with keratitis. 637 81


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>