Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

CD4(+), CD8(+), immunoglobulin status and ocular lesions of some onchocerciasis-infected rural Nigerians as manifested by the presence of microfilariae in their skin snips and some chronic symptoms of the parasitic infestation were evaluated. The highest mean CD4(+) and mean microfilarial (mff) load of 560 +/- 20.46 unit cells/microl and 20 mff/mg were recorded among the individuals within the second decade of life, while the least mean CD4+ and mff load of 307.20 +/- 11.23 unit cell/microl and 6.5 mff/mg occurred among volunteers after 60 years of age. The highest mean CD8(+) of 388.00 +/- 23.71 unit cells/microl occurred at the third decade of life. The individuals above 60 years had the least mean CD8(+) of 350.25 +/- 11.90 unit cells/microl. The volunteers had mean CD4(+) of 372.45 +/- 109.02 unit cells/microl and mean CD8(+) of 359.42 +/- with an overall CD4(+):CD8(+) ratio of 1.04. The mean CD4(+) and mean CD8(+) had positive correlation with the mean microfilarial load (r = 0.52 and r = 0.40), respectively. The mean IgE, IgG, lgA, IgM, and IgD were 2,074.82 +/- 823.09, 19.36 +/- 2.49, 3.88 +/- 0.26, 3.59 +/- 0.38, and 0.29 +/- 0.19 mg/dl, and these immunoglobulins negatively correlated with the mean microfilarial load at r = -0.02, r = -0.15, r = -0.82, r = -0.37, and r = 0.26, respectively. Among these immunoglobulins evaluated, only mean IgE (2,074.82 +/- 823 ng/ml) was statistically different from the control subjects (0 mg/dl) at t = 3.39, P < 0.05. In all, the prevalence of the visual impairment and lesions were low. Among the six visual lesions, namely, cataract, choroidoretinitis, iridocyclitis, glaucoma, sclerosing keratitis, and optic atrophy encountered in Egoro-Eguare, only optic atrophy and sclerosing keratitis was reported among the children. The female adults had the highest prevalence of reduced vision 20(43.5%). Also, the prevalence of choroidoretinitis (2.2%) and iridocyclitis (2.2%) were the least prevalent ocular lesions reported among these female adults. The depletion of the CD4(+) contributed to the low prevalence of visual impairment and lesions in this locality. The depleted CD4(+), CD8(+), and the lower values of IgA, IgM, and IgG contributed in the maintenance of chronicity of onchocerciasis in Egoro-Eguare, Nigeria.
 ...
PMID:CD4(+), CD8(+), immunoglobulin status and ocular lesions among some onchocerciasis-infected rural Nigerians. 1720 2

Emergency physicians are required to diagnose and treat patients who have a painful eye on a regular basis. This article focuses on ophthalmologic emergencies that range in presentation from mild to severe symptomatology and include vision and eye-threatening ailments. The etiology, pathophysiology, physical examination, and treatment of the following conditions are discussed: acute angle closure glaucoma, scleritis, anterior uveitis, optic neuritis, keratitis, and corneal abrasion. This article should provide the necessary information to allow for rapid diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment of the painful eye.
 ...
PMID:The painful eye. 1824 63

A 68-year-old woman had uneventful deep sclerectomy with a collagen implant in the left eye that was complicated by infectious keratitis 2 weeks later. Corneal scraping revealed the presence of Staphylococcus aureus. The patient responded to topical antibiotic treatment, and the corneal infiltration resolved, leaving a corneal scar. Bacterial keratitis may occur after nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery and should be included in the list of early postoperative complications.
 ...
PMID:Bacterial keratitis after nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery. 1836 98

Infectious keratitis is a fairly common entity in India. However while paying attention to the primary entity, the associated events may be overlooked. Enhanced pain usually suggests a worsening of the condition or development of associated problems like secondary glaucoma. However, contrary to logic, a sudden decrease in pain is also likely to suggest a worsening, e.g. perforation of the corneal ulcer. Various such problems with their management are outlined.
 ...
PMID:First aid for complications of infectious keratitis. 1841 23

Topical prostaglandin analogs, which have become first-line therapy in the medical management of glaucoma, have an excellent safety profile with regard to systemic side effects, but are associated with several ocular side effects. Some of these are common, with no apparent serious consequences other than cosmetic, whereas others are much less common but represent potentially sight-threatening side effects. The former group includes conjunctival hyperemia, elongation and darkening of eyelashes, induced iris darkening, and periocular skin pigmentation. The latter group of side effects, which are relatively rare and lack definitive causal relationship to prostaglandin analog therapy, includes iris cysts, cystoid macular edema, anterior uveitis, and reactivation of herpes simplex keratitis. Most of the literature regarding side effects associated with prostaglandin analogs involves the use of latanoprost, probably because it was the first to be studied. There is no evidence, however, aside from less conjunctival hyperemia with latanoprost, that the commercially available prostaglandin analogs differ significantly with regard to side effects.
 ...
PMID:Side effects associated with prostaglandin analog therapy. 1903 28

Cyclooxygenase (COX) catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins (PGs), which play a significant role in health and disease in the gastrointestinal tract (GI) and in the renal, skeletal, and ocular systems. COX-1 is constitutively expressed and found in most normal tissues, whereas COX-2 can be expressed at low levels in normal tissues and is highly induced by pro-inflammatory mediators. Inhibitors of COX activity include: (1) conventional nonselective, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ns-NSAIDs) and (2) COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (COX-2 s-NSAIDs). Inhibition of COX-1 often elicits GI toxicity in animals and humans. Therefore, COX-2 s-NSAIDs were developed to provide a selective COX-2 agent, while minimizing the attendant COX-1-mediated GI toxicities. Rats and dogs overpredict COX inhibition for renal effects such as renal handling of electrolytes in humans. COX inhibitors are shown to have both beneficial and detrimental effects, such as on healing of ligament or tendon tears, on the skeletal system in animal models. Certain ophthalmic conditions such as glaucoma and keratitis are associated with increased COX-2 expression, suggesting a potential role in their pathophysiology.
 ...
PMID:Pathophysiology of cyclooxygenase inhibition in animal models. 1923 34

Eyes with implanted hardware carry a higher risk of infection. Here we report a rare case of Nocardia farcinica endophthalmitis and Baerveldt implant infection originating from infectious keratitis in a patient with a Boston type I keratoprosthesis. The infection resolved with aggressive surgical and medical treatment.
J Glaucoma
PMID:Nocardia farcinica Infection of a Baerveldt implant and endophthalmitis in a patient with a Boston type I keratoprosthesis. 1985 95

Red eye is the cardinal sign of ocular inflammation. The condition is usually benign and can be managed by primary care physicians. Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of red eye. Other common causes include blepharitis, corneal abrasion, foreign body, subconjunctival hemorrhage, keratitis, iritis, glaucoma, chemical burn, and scleritis. Signs and symptoms of red eye include eye discharge, redness, pain, photophobia, itching, and visual changes. Generally, viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are self-limiting conditions, and serious complications are rare. Because there is no specific diagnostic test to differentiate viral from bacterial conjunctivitis, most cases are treated using broad-spectrum antibiotics. Allergies or irritants also may cause conjunctivitis. The cause of red eye can be diagnosed through a detailed patient history and careful eye examination, and treatment is based on the underlying etiology. Recognizing the need for emergent referral to an ophthalmologist is key in the primary care management of red eye. Referral is necessary when severe pain is not relieved with topical anesthetics; topical steroids are needed; or the patient has vision loss, copious purulent discharge, corneal involvement, traumatic eye injury, recent ocular surgery, distorted pupil, herpes infection, or recurrent infections.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis and management of red eye in primary care. 2223 Mar 1

A 48-year-old man with a history of myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) had selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) for the treatment of glaucoma in the right eye. He subsequently developed grade 2 diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK). He then elected to have SLT in the left eye and developed grade 1 DLK. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bilateral consecutive late postoperative DLK following SLT after LASIK.
 ...
PMID:Bilateral diffuse lamellar keratitis following consecutive selective laser trabeculoplasty in LASIK patient. 2045 80

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) -lowering effect and safety of topical travoprost with sofzia and without benzalkonium chloride on Japanese patients with glaucoma. Topical travoprost (0.04%) was used on 39 glaucoma patients with no prior use of topical prostaglandin F2alpha analogues (Beginning group). The IOP, number of conjunctival follicules, degrees of conjunctival hyperemia, and degrees of superficial punctate keratitis (SPK, AD-classification) were determined at the beginning of the treatment and after 1 month and 3 months. 37 other patients who were using 0.005% topical latanoprost were switched to 0.04% topical travoprost and analyzed in the same way (Switched group). For the Beginning group, the IOP was significantly decreased after 3 months (p < 0.0001). The conjunctival follicule score was decreased significantly (p = 0.033). Both the SPK area score and density score for the cases with SPK at the baseline decreased significantly (p = 0.034 and p = 0.024). In the switched group, the IOP was not changed significantly at 3 months after the switch (p = 0.118). Both the conjunctival follicule and hyperemia score were significantly decreased at 3 month (p = 0.0074 and p = 0.0047). The SPK area score for the cases with SPK at the time of switch decreased significantly (p = 0.013). Travoprost with sofzia preservative had an equal effect in reducing the IOP as latanoprost. It had low toxicity on the ocular surface of Japanese glaucoma patients.
 ...
PMID:Efficacy and safety of topical travoprost with sofzia preservative for Japanese glaucoma patients. 2136 Oct 83


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>