Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The commonest causes of a red eye, excluding trauma, are conjunctivitis, allergies and lid conditions. These can usually be managed by the GP and are not serious if properly treated. Keratitis and corneal ulcers, acute iritis and acute glaucoma are uncommon conditions but are always serious and require immediate referral to an ophthalmologist for treatment.
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PMID:Managing the red eye. 262 44

An epidemiological survey of blindness and low vision in Chongqing showed that in a random sample of 13,832, there were 62 cases of bilateral blindness and 97 cases of bilateral low vision, the prevalences being 0.45% (male 0.38%, female 0.52%) and 0.70% (male 0.50%, female 0.90%) respectively. The prevalences in people over 60 years of age were significantly higher. The important blinding diseases were cataract, infectious keratitis, corneal turbidity, glaucoma, trachoma, and ametropia/amblyopia.
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PMID:[An epidemiological survey of blindness and low vision in Chongqing]. 263 8

Corneal complications of herpes zoster ophthalmicus include pseudodendritic keratitis, late mucous adherent keratopathy, varied forms of stromal keratitis, and exposure/neurotrophic keratopathy. Prophylactic therapy of acute herpes zoster ophthalmicus with oral acyclovir is of proven benefit in reducing the incidence of early pseudodendritic keratopathy and stromal keratitis but has no evident effect on exposure/neurotrophic keratopathy. Although early pseudodendritic keratitis is due to virus infection of epithelial cells, it is self-limited and does not require topical antiviral therapy. Stromal keratitis and associated epithelial mucous adherent keratopathy are responsive to topical corticosteroids but chronic therapy is often required and may prolong the duration of keratitis and result in cataract or secondary glaucoma. Exposure and neurotrophic keratopathy may respond to topical lubricants and correction of lid abnormalities but severely affected corneas may require tarsorrhaphy or conjunctival flap to maintain corneal integrity.
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PMID:Corneal complications of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Prevention and treatment. 325 20

To evaluate the reinnervation of corneal grafts, we studied 91 eyes of 79 patients for the return of sensitivity one month to ten years following penetrating keratoplasty for various corneal disorders including keratoconus, Fuchs' dystrophy, herpes simplex keratitis, aphakic and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy, glaucoma, trauma, and interstitial keratitis. Using the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer, a sensation was recorded in the center of the graft no earlier than 18 months. We found a progressive return of sensitivity from the periphery toward the center of the graft. Regression analysis indicated a rate of return of sensitivity that averaged 0.029 mm/mo for each diagnostic category except herpes simplex keratitis. The slope of the return of sensitivity in the group with herpes simplex keratitis was essentially flat, showing no central progression. None of the eight patients with herpes simplex keratitis had a sensation recorded further than 0.5 mm from the wound margin.
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PMID:Return of human corneal sensitivity after penetrating keratoplasty. 327 7

An 11-year-old cat with an intraocular melanoma was treated for 2 years for the secondary effects of the tumor (glaucoma, exposure keratitis) before enucleation was required. One year after enucleation, the cat was examined because of labored breathing. The cat was thin, appeared depressed, and had signs of respiratory compromise secondary to pleural effusion. Treatment was not instituted, and the cat was euthanatized. Metastasis of the primary melanoma to the lungs, pericardium, parietal pleura, mediastinum, hilar lymph nodes, diaphragm, liver, and omentum was confirmed at necropsy. Intraocular melanomas in the cat have been implicated to have a greater malignant potential than those in the dog; however, few cases have been reported with long-term follow-up information.
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PMID:Intraocular melanoma with multiple metastases in a cat. 334 89

Data taken from 1221 patients attending the Zoster Clinic of Moorfields Eye Hospital over the past 15 years were used to characterise the clinical appearance and behaviour of zoster mucous plaque keratitis (MPK). The typical greyish branching plaques are usually accompanied by a limbitis, stromal keratitis, or decrease in corneal sensation and are commonly associated with cataract, raised intraocular pressure, or corneal ulceration. MPK may begin at any time within two years of onset of the rash, but when it appears after three months there are more complications. Usually MPK settles within one month if appropriate treatment with topical steroids and acetylcysteine drops is given, but surgical intervention is sometimes required to control glaucoma or neuroparalytic keratitis or to remove cataracts. The results of surgery are surprisingly good.
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PMID:Ophthalmic zoster: mucous plaque keratitis. 349 32

Corneal epithelium antibodies were detected in patients with corneal melting disease (55%), uveitis (42%), corneal transplantation (42%) and marginal furrow disease (20%). These antibodies were not found in herpetic keratitis patients. In control groups, consisting of ocular surgery patients (glaucoma, retinal detachment and cataract) and persons without a history of ocular disease, approximately 4% of the subjects had these antibodies. To investigate the possible role of trauma to the cornea as an initiator of corneal epithelium antibodies, these antibodies were determined in rabbits after alkaline burns were made on the cornea. These antibodies were detected one week later and disappeared after six weeks. Serum from three patients with corneal melting disease and corneal transplantation containing a high antibody titre against corneal epithelium were used to isolate corneal epithelium antigens. A 54 kD and a 17 kD corneal epithelium antigen were isolated. The incidence of autoantibodies directed against these antigens was investigated in patients with corneal melting disease, uveitis and corneal transplantation using an ELISA. 50% of the sera positive in the immunofluorescence test were positive in the ELISA.
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PMID:Clinical and experimental studies concerning circulating antibodies to corneal epithelium antigens. 355 14

The first medical cure of a corneal infection due to an Acanthamoeba species is reported. The 44-year-old patient developed a suppurative keratitis associated with an epithelial defect, hypopyon, and secondary glaucoma. Acanthamoeba was confirmed as the causative agent four months after presentation when positive cultures were obtained from the cornea and from the conjunctiva. Sensitivity studies of the isolated organism were performed, and the infection was successfully controlled by treatment with a combination of dibromopropamidine and propamidine isethionate ointment and drops and neomycin drops. Keratoplasty was performed 22 months after onset, and no viable acanthamoebae were present in the resected tissue, though possible cyst remnants were identified by immunofluorescent techniques.
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PMID:Acanthamoeba keratitis successfully treated medically. 405 64

Thirteen patients with varying grades of suppurative keratitis were studied with regard to their response to keratoplasty. In all patients there was a rapid improvement in symptoms and signs. In eight of the 13 there was restoration at least of previous function: one patient lost all vision due to secondary closed-angle glaucoma, because he refused further surgery. Corneal graft opacification occurred in three eyes; one other became partially opaque; whilst in a fourth, the lamellar graft remained clear while the original autograft failed. At last follow-up, all eyes were normotensive and free of symptoms. Keratoplasty should assume an important part of the management of suppurative keratitis, from both theoretical and practical considerations.
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PMID:Draining pus from the cornea. 636 60

The causes of blindness in Sierra Leone were studied in 7286 new patients attending the eye clinic in the year 1981. Blindness, defined as an inability to count fingers at 3 meters with the better eye (WHO, 1973), was present in 762 persons, due to cataract (39%), ocular onchocerciasis (30%), primary glaucoma (8%), measles keratitis (3%), trachoma (3%) and other causes. The prevalence of blindness was estimated from simple field surveys covering 41 villages with an estimated population of 10,559. The average prevalence of blindness was found to be 1.3% of the total population.
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PMID:Causes and prevalence of blindness in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone. 666 98


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