Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a detailed study of ocular infection by herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 in mice, the course and signs of eye disease were investigated and compared in primary and secondary infection using slit-lamp examination, culture of the tear film, and monitoring of the blink reflex. Response to primary inoculation ranged from subclinical infection to severe keratitis. Compared with conjunctival scarification, corneal scarification resulted in more frequent and severe eye disease and signs of CNS infection. Previous infection in the skin of the contralateral ear considerably modified subsequent infection of the eye so that signs of disease occurred earlier, were limited to dendritic keratitis with some stromal involvement, and were largely reversible. The mouse seems to be a suitable animal for studying ocular infection with HSV.
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PMID:Ocular infection with herpes simplex virus in nonimmune and immune mice. 686 Feb 14

HLA-A and -B antigens were determined in 64 Caucasoid patients with keratoconus. A highly significant increase in the frequency of HLA-B5 was found among the patients. Thus keratoconus is the third eye disease after recurrent herpetic keratitis and Behcet's disease showing an association with HLA-B5.
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PMID:HLA and keratoconus. 686 60

The use of a passive haemagglutination test (PHA) with a stable erythrocyte diagnostic preparation sensitized with herpes simplex virus for the detection of antibody to herpes simplex virus (HSV) in the lacrimal fluid of the patients is described. Specific antibody to HSV antigen was found in 68% of the lacrimal fluids taken from patients suffering from herpetic eye disease. In patients with superficial keratitis the antibodies were found more frequently and in higher titers than in deep involvements of the cornea. In patients with keratitis and keratouveitis of unknown etiology, antibody in tears was found in 23%, and in those with inflammatory diseases of nonherpetic etiology, in 14.2%. In clinically normal subjects and patients with non-inflammatory eye affections no HSV antibody could be found in tears. Geometric mean antibody titers in tears of patients with herpes simplex keratitis and keratouveitis were statistically significantly higher than in patients with other diagnoses. The diagnostic importance of HSV antibody found in tears is discussed.
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PMID:The use of a passive hemagglutination test (PHA) in the diagnosis of viral eye diseases. Investigation of lacrimal fluid for the presence of antibody to herpes simplex virus (HSV). 690 80

A 33-year-old man developed Herpesvirus hominis type 2 (HVH-2) eye disease following a herpetic lesion of the penis. The sequence of ocular involvement suggested that the virus had been transmitted endogenously from the genital lesion: granulomatous iritis was followed by interstitial keratitis and then by dendritic keratitis. Recurrent bacterial ulcers ultimately required a conjunctival flap. The course of this man's ocular disease as well as those of other reported cases of HVH-2 adult eye infections appeared to be more severe and prolonged than that of the average patient with ocular herpes type 1 infection.
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PMID:Endogenous dissemination of genital Herpesvirus hominis type 2 to the eye. 742 49

Eye diseases in 1028 children below 15 years of age, seen at the Eye clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria were studied. Refractive error, vernal conjunctivitis, measles keratitis associated with malnutrition and those referrable to injuries were leading causes of eye problems amongst children. Diseases of ocular adnexa (excluding orbital cellulitis) squints, glaucoma, uveitis and trachoma were rare.
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PMID:Childhood eye diseases in Ibadan. 760 46

Autosomal dominant keratitis (ADK) is an eye disorder chiefly characterized by corneal opacification and vascularization and by foveal hypoplasia. Aniridia (shown recently to result from mutations in the PAX6 gene) has overlapping clinical findings and a similar pattern of inheritance with ADK. On the basis of these similarities, we used a candidate-gene approach to investigate whether mutations in the PAX6 gene also result in ADK. Significant linkage was found between two polymorphic loci in the PAX6 region and ADK in a family with 15 affected members in four generations (peak LOD score = 4.45; theta = .00 with D11S914), consistent with PAX6 mutations being responsible for ADK. SSCP analysis and direct sequencing revealed a mutation in the PAX6 exon 11 splice-acceptor site. The predicted consequent incorrect splicing results in truncation of the PAX6 proline-serine-threonine activation domain. The SeyNeu mouse results from a mutation in the Pax-6 exon 10 splice-donor site that produces a PAX6 protein truncated from the same point as occurs in our family with ADK. Therefore, the SeyNeu mouse is an excellent animal model of ADK. The finding that mutations in PAX6 underlie ADK, along with a recent report that mutations in PAX6 also underlie Peters anomaly, implicates PAX6 broadly in human anterior segment malformations.
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PMID:Mutation of the PAX6 gene in patients with autosomal dominant keratitis. 766 81

Little is known of the epidemiology and clinical picture of ocular onchocerciasis in South America. A survey of onchocercal eye disease was performed in the hyperendemic area of a rain forest focus of onchocerciasis in Esmeraldas Province in Ecuador. A total of 785 skin snip positive individuals from black and Chachi Amerindian communities were examined. The blindness rate attributable to onchocerciasis was 0.4%, and 8.2% were visually impaired. Onchocercal ocular lesions were seen in a high proportion of the study group: 33.6% had punctate keratitis, microfilariae in the anterior chamber and cornea were seen in 28.9% and 33.5% respectively, iridocyclitis was seen in 1.5%, optic atrophy in 5.1%, and chorioretinopathy in 28.0%. Sclerosing keratitis was not seen. The prevalence of all ocular lesions increased with age. Punctate keratitis was strongly associated with microfilarial counts in the cornea and chorioretinopathy was correlated with infection intensities in the cornea and anterior chamber. Chachi Amerindians had higher anterior chamber microfilarial counts and a greater prevalence of punctate keratitis than blacks though blacks had a greater prevalence of iridocyclitis and optic nerve disease. The pattern of ocular disease resembled rain forest onchocerciasis in west Africa with few severe ocular lesions in the anterior segment and all blinding lesions attributable to posterior segment disease.
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PMID:Onchocerciasis in Ecuador: ocular findings in Onchocerca volvulus infected individuals. 769 37

Keratitis of the cornea is believed to be the leading cause of loss of vision due to external eye disease in the United States and in Europe. At present, primary and secondary cell cultures obtained from corneal explants are the most suitable system to study the role of drug-resistant viruses in severe recurrences of infections leading to irreversible corneal scarring. In this work, the growth of human pericorneal fibroblasts in primary and secondary cultures has been obtained by cocultivation with a mixed leukocyte reaction.
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PMID:The mixed leukocyte reaction may promote the growth of human pericorneal fibroblasts in primary culture. 806 71

We evaluated the epithelializing-promoting effect of a concentration of 0.005 mg/ml murine epidermal growth factor (mEGF), topically administered four times daily, on the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) corneal ulcers of the rabbit eye. The severity of the herpetic lesions was evaluated clinically, after the time course of the severity of epithelial keratitis, conjunctivitis, iritis, and stromal disease, for 14 days. A histological assessment was performed in the middle and at the end of the follow-up. The stromal keratitis of the mEGF-treated group was significantly more severe than the keratitis exhibited by the placebo-treated rabbits (Y = X3 X2*X4; p = 0.0001). There were no significant differences in the degree of conjunctivitis, epithelial keratitis, iritis, and virus shedding between these groups. No evidence of a toxic effect of mEGF or placebo was found in the mock infected rabbit eyes. More studies, using different herpes virus strains and a broad range of murine and human EGF concentrations, are mandatory to ascertain the general significance of these results. Meanwhile, caution is recommended when using mEGF in the presence of an occult or manifest herpetic eye disease.
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PMID:Aggravation of herpetic stromal keratitis after murine epidermal grown factor topical application. 815 89

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is a combination of conjunctivitis and keratitis induced by an adenovirus that is found especially in eye clinics and in eye hospitals. In Bavaria, EKC represents a common eye disease and occurs in epidemics in the spring and early autumn. We report on 145 patients who presented with EKC in our hospital between March 17 and September 12, 1991, and who were evaluated prospectively (67 men and 78 women ranging in age from 4 to 85 years). The recent patient history was noted using a standardized protocol to analyze possible sources and pathways of the infection. Overall, 44 of the EKC patients (30%) remembered having undergone eye treatment during the incubation period of 2 weeks before the onset of symptoms. In all, 18 patients (12%) recalled that a family member had also had conjunctivitis during that time, and 4 patients (3%) reported the infection of a workmate during the 2 weeks prior to the onset of symptoms. In 82 patients (55%), no presumed source of infection was apparent. A total of 24 patients (17%) presumably acquired the infection during examination or treatment in our hospital. The main cause was the removal of foreign body, followed by cataract operation. In all, 20 patients (14%) had been treated in private practice during the incubation period; 14 of these remembered having had tonometry, and 4 patients had undergone contact-lens fitting. In 18 patients, virus isolation and serotyping from a conjunctival smear was conducted. In 12 of these patients an adenovirus could be isolated; in all cases it proved to be serotype 8.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Main sources of infection in 145 cases of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. 822 Jan 3


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