Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to study the relationship between cell-mediated immune responses to Chlamydia trachomatis and the pathogenesis of human chlamydial eye disease, we have measured the peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferative responses to whole chlamydial elementary bodies in 40 subjects with oculogenital chlamydial infection of varying severity, 13 subjects with genital chlamydial infections and 12 healthy seronegative controls. The mean stimulation index was significantly higher in those with oculogenital infections than in controls. There was a strong correlation between the response to C. trachomatis serotypes B and L1. We studied the relationship between proliferative responses and four clinical parameters: follicular conjunctivitis, papillary hypertrophy, corneal pannus and epithelial punctate keratitis, but were unable to show a significant association with any of these. Nor was there any association between proliferative response and serum antibody titre to C. trachomatis (pooled serotypes D-K), duration of disease or quantitative isolation of chlamydia from the conjunctiva. The depletion of CD8+ cells had no consistent effect on proliferative responses to serotype L1 in 13 subjects.
 ...
PMID:Lymphocyte proliferative responses to chlamydial antigens in human chlamydial eye infections. 191 34

The clinical spectrum of ocular disease in 37 patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) is described. Patients typically had a severe blepharoconjunctivitis. Associated corneal scarring, suppurative keratitis, or keratoconus were the major causes of visual loss. Serum and tear samples from these patients were analyzed to quantify total and specific IgE antibodies. The results were compared as a case control study with results from samples from 55 patients with other forms of atopic disease and 16 nonatopic volunteers. Although the mean values for total and specific IgEs in the serum of patients with atopic disease were markedly higher than the values from nonatopic controls (P less than 0.00002), a difference between the disease groups could not be demonstrated (P greater than 0.05). There were also differences between both the total IgE (P = 0.0002) and pollen-specific IgE (P = 0.015) in tears from patients with atopic disease and nonatopic controls, but not for house dust mite or cat dander-specific IgEs. These results suggest that clinical differences between groups of patients with chronic allergic external eye disease are not associated with specific patterns of IgE production.
 ...
PMID:Clinical features of atopic keratoconjunctivitis. 200 72

When herpes simplex virus (HSV) is inoculated onto the snout of the inbred strain NIH mouse, clinical disease of the eye ensues only after a delay, due to spread of virus to the eye occurring via neural pathways. This report is concerned with the detailed description of eye disease. Physical signs observed include mydriasis, iritis and keratitis. The incidence of combinations of physical signs has been analysed by the computer and presented as pie-charts to show the complexity and evolution of the eye disease.
 ...
PMID:Clinical findings after zosteriform spread of herpes simplex virus to the eye of the mouse. 303 Jun 51

The diagnosis and optimal management of herpes simplex stromal keratitis can be problematic. Clinical features that should be evaluated include the status of the epithelium and the location and type of stromal inflammation. Two principal forms are recognized: nonnecrotizing, or disciform, keratitis and necrotizing keratitis. Both types may coexist and are sometimes accompanied by iridocyclitis and secondary ocular hypertension. Laboratory evaluation is not usually performed, although, lacking a prior history of herpes simplex epithelial keratitis, testing should be considered to seek another cause of stromal inflammation. A topical steroid is generally contraindicated in the presence of herpes simplex epithelial keratitis and has been implicated in prolonging the course of herpetic eye disease. However, judicious topical steroid therapy can be beneficial when used with protective antiviral cover for herpes simplex stromal keratitis without epithelial keratitis. Systemic antiviral therapy may prove to be a valuable adjunctive treatment, and further clinical trials are anticipated.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis and management of herpes simplex stromal keratitis. 331 11

Forty-seven eyes with microbial keratitis occurring in 44 children under 16 years of age were studied. Under the age of three, 92% of the infections involved Pseudomonas aeruginosa and/or various streptococcal species; later in childhood the typical adult pattern of infection was more common. Overwhelming systemic infections, malignant disease with orbital involvement and congenital ocular adnexal disease were important predisposing factors in the infant years; trauma and acquired external eye disease became increasingly important in mid-childhood. Surgery was necessary in 28% of the eyes. Frequent tearing and lack of patient cooperation preclude reliance on topical antibiotic therapy alone. Despite the difficulties, the mainstay of management involves daily biomicroscopic evaluation and regular subconjunctival antibiotic injections. The logistical problems of achieving these aims are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Microbial keratitis in children. 370 17

Lysosomal enzyme activities in the tear fluids were determined in patients with ocular diseases. Acid phosphatase, beta-D-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, and beta-D-mannosidase activities were almost the same among the tear fluids from patients with myopia, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, simple diabetic retinopathy and pigmentary retinal dystrophy. In contrast, the activities were lower in the affected eyes of patients with herpetic keratitis and vernal conjunctivitis than in the fellow normal eyes. It is possible that the lysosomal enzyme activities in the tears may be closely related to the condition of the external eye disease.
 ...
PMID:Lysosomal enzymes in tear fluids from patients with ocular diseases. 376 39

Onchocerciasis is a leading cause of blindness in equatorial Africa and in endemic regions in Central America. Understanding of the pathologic processes involved in onchocercal eye disease and of the role of immunopathologic mechanisms in its development has been substantially limited by the shortage of eyes for histologic study and by the lack of a naturally occurring animal model. The inoculation of microfilariae of Onchocerca species into the eyes of laboratory animals may reproduce selected aspects of onchocercal eye disease, such as punctate keratitis. Studies in these models support the hypothesis that immunopathologic mechanisms mediated by IgE antibody are involved in the development of ocular lesions. In some laboratory animal models, diethylcarbamazine citrate, a microfilaricidal drug that causes severe inflammatory reactions to microfilariae in humans, increases the severity of ocular lesions, and stimulates IgE antibody responses. Laboratory animal studies are potentially highly useful for understanding the immunopathogenesis of ocular onchocerciasis.
 ...
PMID:Onchocerciasis: experimental models of ocular disease. 407 Sep 20

Latent infection of the trigeminal ganglion following ocular and labial herpes simplex in the mouse was investigated. Latent infection of the ophthalmic part of the trigeminal ganglion followed subclinical ocular infection. When primary infection resulted in severe eye disease, latent infection was subsequently demonstrated not only in ophthalmic parts of the ganglion but also in parts which did not serve the eye. Primary infection of the lip resulted in latent infection of the mandibular part of the trigeminal ganglion, but also of maxillary and ophthalmic parts. Previous infection by herpes simplex virus in a non-ocular site necessitated a hundred-fold increase in the amount of virus required to initiate keratitis which resulted in a much lower incidence of latent infection and only in the ophthalmic part of the ganglion. The results are interpreted to explain how latent infection of the ophthalmic part may precede and provide a source of virus for symptomatic eye disease. Such latent infection is most likely to arise from previous subclinical ocular infection or primary infection in a non-ocular site.
 ...
PMID:Ocular herpes simplex and the establishment of latent infection. 630 Nov 14

One hundred subjects wearing contact lenses (mainly soft lenses) on a daily basis for non-medical reasons were followed for 3 years. Visual performance was very satisfactory. The lenses were replaced at an average interval of 20.3 months. During the 3 year period 18 patients suffered from eye disease/changes, 17 of which had to be treated by an ophthalmologist: 8 cases of conjunctivitis, 5 cases of virus keratitis, 4 cases of corneal oedema (2 caused by overwear of lens, 1 by a too step fit and 1 by intolerance despite a perfect fit), and 1 case of unacceptable vascular reaction. Some of the infections might not have been related to contact lens wear. All changes healed well with no sequelae. One patient was hospitalized for 2 days. Each incident required 2.8 visits to an ophthalmologist and 7.4 weeks of discountinued lens wear, on the average. Details from patient history and objective findings recorded at the first examination of subjects accepted for lens wear did not seem to correlate well with later eye disease/changes. 11 subjects stopped lens wear. This was in no case mandatory, the most common reason being decreasing motivation. The results appear quite satisfactory.
 ...
PMID:Daily contact lens wear. A three year follow-up. 648 53

The clinical value of five synthetic antiherpetic nucleosides is discussed: iododeoxyuridine (IDU), adenine-arabinoside (Ara-A), trifluorothymidine (TFT), acyclovir (ACV), and bromovinyldeoxyuridine (BVDU). Depending on the type of herpes simplex virus eye disease, either TFT or ACV are currently the drugs of choice. For BVDU, further controlled studies have to be awaited. For the special situation of superficial herpetic keratitis (dendritic keratitis), a combination therapy with either TFT or ACV plus interferon has proven to be significantly better than a monotherapy with only nucleosides.
 ...
PMID:Use of nucleoside analogues in the treatment of herpes simplex virus eye diseases. 668 78


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>