Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A review of 100 patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty revealed 47 who required therapeutic soft contact lenses in the early postoperative period. Twelve corneal ulcer-infiltrates, 11 of which were culture positive, occurred during soft contact lens wear (23% incidence of this complication in contact lens fitted eyes). The most common offending organism was coagulase-negative staphylococcus. The only statistically significant risk factor for infection if a lens was used was the presence of a persistent epithelial defect (p = 0.03). Factors which could not be statistically correlated with corneal ulcer-infiltrate included keratoconjunctivitis sicca, the type of contact lens, the method of donor cornea preservation, lens hygiene, antibiotic and steroid usage, the presence of blepharitis, preoperative bacterial keratitis, and the history of a previously failed penetrating keratoplasty.
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PMID:Corneal ulcer-infiltrate associated with soft contact lens use following penetrating keratoplasty. 639 34

We studied the lysozyme content of tears in 267 subjects (521 eyes), including 241 healthy subjects, 7 patients (14 eyes) with bilateral blepharitis, 8 patients (12 eyes) with conjunctivitis, and 11 patients (16 eyes) with keratitis. The concentration of lysozyme in the tears rises with age between childhood and maturity. The highest values were seen in the age group of 21-40 years, and a decrease of lysozyme concentration occurred with an increase in age from 30-40 years. The mean lysozyme content of tears was 1,768 micrograms/ml in healthy subjects; no significant differences occurred between the sexes. Patients with blepharitis, conjunctivitis, and keratitis had normal mean lysozyme content of tears. The tears of patients with herpes simplex keratitis had low lysozyme values.
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PMID:Lysozyme content of tears in normal subjects and in patients with external eye infections. 665 46

In a murine model of accelerated senescence (SAM), grading score and incidence in cataract, periophthalmic lesions, opacity and ulcer of the cornea were determined in mice from 4 to 24 months of age. From 4 to 6 months of age, incidence and grading score of these four categories began to increase in both the accelerated senescence prone (SAM) and resistant series with normal aging, and these increases continued with aging. As compared with the resistant series, there was a higher incidence and grading score of the four categories and a higher rate of increase in the prone series. The prone 3 series in particular showed a much higher incidence and grading score on cataract, the rate being 27.5% and 70.6% at 12 and 16 months, respectively. Histologically, the cataract was classified into two types. In one, degeneration of lens fibers, disintegration of lens cortex, and at an advanced stage, liquefaction of the lens cortex and proliferation of the anterior lens epithelial cells occurred. In the other type, lens fibers lost their distinct shapes and a homogenous mass formed at the anterior and posterior superficial cortex. The anterior lens epithelial cells had shrunk. There was an opacity and ulcer of the cornea with keratitis and the corneal epithelium was lost in case of the latter. Periophthalmic lesions included catarrhal changes of the skin of the eyelids and face and blepharitis. There were no lesions specific to each of the prone and resistant series. Thus, SAM should prove to be a suitable murine model for investigation of age-related ophthalmic lesions, including cataract in humans.
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PMID:Cataract and other ophthalmic lesions in senescence accelerated mouse (SAM). Morphology and incidence of senescence associated ophthalmic changes in mice. 671 29

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is an x-linked disorder characterized by a triad of thrombocytopenia, eczema, and recurrent infections. Until recently, survival into the second decade was rare. In the last few years, a better understanding of the syndrome has been achieved, and earlier recognition and newer modes of treatment have improved life. These patients are living longer and ophthalmologic presentation reflects this change. We present three case histories of patients followed for the past 15 years who have had, in association with this syndrome, eczema of the eyelids, episcleritis, marginal keratitis, and blepharitis.
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PMID:Abnormal immune responses in the ocular presentation of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. 718 36

The Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome consists of the following signs: recurrent oedema of the lips and intermittent facial oedema with recidivant aspect; recidivant peripheral facial paresis; scrotal tongue. The cases of a 14-years-old girl is presented. She has two elements of the above signs (recurrent oedema of the lips with facial oedema and scrotal tongue), and additionally ocular affectation: keratitis and bilateral blepharitis. This associations, which has not been found in the literature, is emphasized.
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PMID:[The ocular manifestations in the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome]. 776 74

It has been previously shown that the strain of virus, immune competence of the host, and innate resistance of the host have an effect on the severity of ocular disease induced by topical infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). This study has expanded on earlier work by examining the effect of virus inoculum and host age on mortality, incidence of ocular disease, and severity of ocular disease. BALB/c mice were infected with inocula ranging from 2 x 10(3) to 1 x 10(6) pfu of HSV-1 strain CJ394. The most significant effect of variation in the inoculum was on the percent of mice developing disease. Increasing the inoculum resulted in significantly increased disease incidence, but at 5 x 10(3) pfu/mouse or higher, there was little difference in disease severity in those animals exhibiting symptoms. Decreasing host age also resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of ocular disease, but the dependence of disease severity on host age varied with the symptom being scored. In animals exhibiting disease, the peak severity of stromal keratitis and vascularization of the cornea were unaffected by host age. However, the severity of blepharitis was significantly reduced in older mice. Increasing host age also resulted in increased resistance to encephalitis. Three to four-week old mice were very susceptible to encephalitis (100% mortality), while only 20% of 4-5 week old mice died by day 15 post-infection. Mice older than 5 weeks were completely resistant to lethal encephalitis after corneal infection.
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PMID:The effect of viral inoculum level and host age on disease incidence, disease severity, and mortality in a murine model of ocular HSV-1 infection. 776 6

Odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia is an ectodermal dysplasia (ED) described once previously in two families who exhibited atrophic malar patches, sparse hair, conical teeth, dystrophic nails and hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles. We describe a boy who developed a blistering malar rash soon after birth. When examined at 11 months, and then at 27 months of age, he had persistent atrophic malar plaques that reddened with heat. He also showed nail dystrophy, sparse hair, lingual concavity of the incisors, a bifid maxillary incisor, a five-cusped molar, and hyperhidrosis of the palms and soles. In addition he had chronic tearing, photophobia, blepharitis, and a mild keratitis. After reviewing EDs with atrophic or scar-like skin changes, we believe this child most resembles the patients with odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia, although his eye findings are unique.
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PMID:Odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia. 855 39

The ribonucleotide reductase (RR) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is an important virulence factor, being required for neurovirulence, ocular virulence, and reactivation from latency. The RR activity requires the association of two distinct homodimeric subunits, and the association of the subunits is inhibited in the presence of a peptide homologous to the carboxy terminus of the small subunit. A structural analog of the inhibitory peptide (BILD 1263) has been shown to inhibit the replication of HSV-1 at micromolar concentrations in vitro. We used a mouse model of HSV-1 ocular infection to determine the in vivo efficacy of topical BILD 1263. Treatment of HSV-1 KOS-infected mice resulted in significant reductions in the severity and incidence of stromal keratitis and corneal neovascularization. At higher concentrations (5%) BILD 1263 reduced the severity but not the incidence of blepharitis. Treatment with 5% BILD 1263 also reduced viral shedding from the cornea by 10- to 14-fold (P < 0.001). In uninfected mice treated with 5% BILD 1263, we found no evidence of corneal epithelial damage, conjunctivitis, or blepharitis, and histopathological studies revealed no changes in the corneas of these mice. These results show that the peptidomimetic RR inhibitor BILD 1263 is effective in preventing disease, has an antiviral effect in vivo, and has little or no toxicity.
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PMID:Evaluation of a peptidomimetic ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor with a murine model of herpes simplex virus type 1 ocular disease. 872 44

Previous studies have demonstrated an increased incidence of delayed-type hypersensitivity to staphylococcal antigens in patients with blepharitis, but this does not predict subsequent development of marginal keratitis (MK). Superantigens are potent immune-modifying molecules produced by pathogenic organisms including Staphylococcus aureus. To study whether staphylococcal superantigens play a role in the development of MK, conjunctival and lid margin cultures were taken from 26 subjects with MK and 24 controls. Four of 8 eyes with their first episode of MK grew strains of S. aureus, of which only one was superantigen-producing. None of the subjects with recurrent MK and only one control grew S. aureus. We conclude that staphylococcal superantigens are unlikely to play a central role in the development of MK. The absence of S. aureus on the lids of subjects with recurrent MK may reflect an alteration in lid flora due to previous topical antibiotic and steroid treatment.
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PMID:The role of staphylococcal superantigens in the pathogenesis of marginal keratitis. 947 6

We investigated 15 eyes of 10 patients with phlyctenular keratitis. The patients were 6 men and 4 women, and their ages ranged between 3 and 56 years (mean, 17.8 years). The follow-up periods ranged from 0.5 to 48 months (mean, 14 months). Clinically, complications in many cases were papillary hyperplasia in palpebral conjunctiva, meibomian gland infarct, chalazion, and blepharitis. Microbial examination from the lid margin before treatment revealed bacteria in 4 eyes of 4 patients out of 9 eyes of 8 patients. The level of serum specific IgE antibody was high in only 1 patient out of 6. We classified the clinical course into 3 stages, namely, infiltrative, nodule, and cicatricial stages. We also investigated the transition of the disease among the stages. All the cases of the infiltrative stage progressed to the nodule stage, and 92% of the nodule stage went on to the cicatricial stage. However 14% of the cicatricial stage cases reverted to the infiltrative stage and 7% to the nodule stage.
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PMID:[Clinical features of 10 cases with phlyctenular keratitis]. 955 39


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