Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper reports the results of penetrating corneal autokeratoplasty of a man 49 years of age with chronic herpetic keratitis in his good right eye. The keratoplasty was taken from the patient's left eye with amblyopia. The diameter in both keratoplasties was 7.1 mm. In both eyes clear grafts were obtained. Visual acuity of the right eye improved to 0.5! One year after the autokeratoplasty the grafts remained clear, showed no immune reactions and no tendency towards vascularization.
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PMID:[Autologous corneal transplants in recurring herpes corneae (author's transl)]. 78 43

A retrospective study (coauthored with Geraldine Tillson) of 118 patients with the congenital esotropia syndrome is described. All patients were aligned with surgery and, in some cases, glasses as well, within 10 prism diopters of orthotropia before the age of 2 years and had remained so aligned for at least a year. A standardized final examination was performed on patients over the age of 6 years, after at least 5 years' follow up, to study the effect of significant refractive error, amblyopia, nystagmus, dissociated vertical divergence, and inferior oblique overaction on the sensory outcome. None of the patients obtained central fusion. Fifty-three of 118 obtained peripheral fusion with at least 5 delta of fusional amplitude. Twenty-eight of the 53 fusers had stereopsis. The findings did not show any factors to explain why 65 did not obtain fusion. A congenital lack of the potential to develop fusion is postulated. The development of fusion and suppression is discussed with relevant references. Evidence is presented that the anatomical location of the lesion in central fusion disruption is in the midbrain. Fusion may be lost, in visual adults, without developing suppression from prolonged sensory deprivation. Examples include unilateral cataract, uncorrected unilateral aphakia, and unilateral severe herpetic keratitis.
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PMID:18th annual Frank Costenbader Lecture. Fusion and suppression: development and loss. 158 79

An 8-year-old girl had an orbital-adnexal lymphangioma and ipsilateral orbital and middle cranial fossa arteriovenous malformations. High-resolution magnetic resonance image scanning, orbital ultrasonography, and digital subtraction angiography were used for diagnosis and preoperative assessment. Complications related to this vascular neoplasm included amblyopia, acute hemorrhage with proptosis, exposure keratitis, cosmetic deformity, and recurrent preseptal cellulitis. The girl was treated with both embolization and orbital surgery for recurrent hemorrhage and proptosis. We postulated that the coexistence of a lymphangioma and arteriovenous malformation represents an unusual and extensive maldevelopment of vascular embryogenesis.
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PMID:Concomitant lymphangioma and arteriovenous malformation of the orbit. 186 6

There is a new trend in the US government's perception regarding health care today. It involves an increased awareness of how disease can be prevented and health promoted. The US government is supporting this concept with its Healthy People 2000 project. Specific pediatric concerns about health promotion and disease prevention in ophthalmology include amblyopia and strabismus, ophthalmia neonatorum, ocular trauma, radiation injury, xerophthalmia, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, infections and metabolic and genetic disorders. Adult health promotion/disease prevention priorities include glaucoma; trauma; diabetic retinopathy; corneal problems; iatrogenic infections; exposure keratitis; ocular toxicity from drugs, chemicals, and the environment; visual loss from neglect; and those mentioned in the pediatric area.
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PMID:Health promotion and disease prevention in ophthalmology. 221 91

An epidemiological survey of blindness and low vision in Chongqing showed that in a random sample of 13,832, there were 62 cases of bilateral blindness and 97 cases of bilateral low vision, the prevalences being 0.45% (male 0.38%, female 0.52%) and 0.70% (male 0.50%, female 0.90%) respectively. The prevalences in people over 60 years of age were significantly higher. The important blinding diseases were cataract, infectious keratitis, corneal turbidity, glaucoma, trachoma, and ametropia/amblyopia.
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PMID:[An epidemiological survey of blindness and low vision in Chongqing]. 263 8

Epikeratophakia continues to be an extremely attractive option for younger children with unilateral aphakia who are noncompliant users of contact lenses but who are young enough to benefit from amblyopia therapy. The epikeratophakia procedure is much safer than IOL implantation. The epikeratophakia tissue lens is especially useful for children with traumatic aphakia and corneal lacerations because the lens can strengthen and smooth the cornea as well as correct the aphakia. This allows much quicker rehabilitation than could be accomplished with contact lenses. The epikeratophakia procedure may be combined with a cataract extraction and should be in those children with acquired cataracts who demonstrate contact lens noncompliance in an office trial of contact lens insertion before operation. Epikeratophakia should be used with caution in neonates and young infants because of the rapid growth of the eye. Extended-wear contact lenses are a safer option for these children, and epikeratophakia can be performed as a secondary procedure if and when problems with contact lens compliance arise. Surface ocular problems such as uncontrolled dry eyes or severe blepharitis will continue to be incompatible with the survival of epikeratophakia tissue lenses. Children who are treated with high doses of radiation for orbital tumors such as rhabdomyosarcomas invariably develop radiation cataracts, which can occur before the onset of radiation keratitis. These children do not do well with epikeratophakia tissue lenses. Likewise, children with severe metabolic disturbances who are not healthy or gaining weight have a diminished chance of graft healing, as do children with poor vision in whom oculodigital autostimulation produces persistent epithelial defects, which prevent survival of the tissue lens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Update on epikeratophakia in children. 264 36

The authors report on indications, surgical techniques and results obtained in 37 children up to the age of 14 (42 eyes) on whom a total of 45 keratoplasties were performed. In 5 cases keratoplasties were performed on both eyes. The grafts remained clear in 26 eyes (58%); 8 grafts were moderately opaque and 11 (24%) were completely opaque. As expected, the best results were obtained in cases of keratoconus. The keratoplasties performed in late stages of herpetic keratitis with extensive corneal scarring and vascularization were a little less successful. Of 11 eyes thus treated, a final clear graft was achieved in 8. In cases with traumatic scars after severe eye injuries, the results were less satisfactory. The prognosis is poor in all severe dystrophic alterations of the cornea, and very bleak in the final stages of central abscess or ring abscess of the cornea. In a relatively high percentage, clear grafts contrast with poor postoperative visual acuity, which may be caused by a variety of complications. The most prominent complications were amblyopia, cataracta complicata and traumatica and aphakia. Thus, only 14 out of 26 eyes with clear grafts achieved a visual acuity in the range from 0.4 to 1.0.
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PMID:[Keratoplasty in children]. 637 62

Perforating corneal injuries often result in scarred corneas in which adequate visual rehabilitation cannot be achieved with spectacles due to irregular corneal surface. In these eyes, the presence of aphakia often adds to the problem with the coexistence of anisometropia. In this study, rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses were fit in 33 post-traumatic scarred corneas of 33 patients. Twenty-seven of the 33 eyes (82%) were successfully fit without complications for an average follow-up of 19.3 months. The success rate was observed to be lower (50%) for patients less than 10 years old, whereas it was 100% in patients older than 20 years. The six failures included two eyes with amblyopia and unsatisfactory visual acuity, two eyes in two patients who lacked motivation to use contact lenses, and two eyes that were contact lens intolerant. There was no significant correlation between the failure groups and the location and size of the corneal scar. The only contact lens related complication was punctate epithelial keratitis in three of the 33 eyes (9%). The results of this study indicate that RGP contact lenses are successful in the majority of patients (82%) with post-traumatic scarred corneas, especially in the adult age group, and may obviate corneal surgery in these patients.
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PMID:The use of rigid gas permeable contact lenses in scarred corneas. 771 11

The efficacy of corneal transplantation in infants with corneal opacity secondary to congenital glaucoma has not been established. We retrospectively reviewed our results of nine penetrating keratoplasties performed on eight eyes of six infants who had multiple risk factors for poor prognosis: age < 2 years at the time of grafting; uncontrolled glaucoma in four eyes; concurrent lensectomy, retinal, or glaucoma surgery in five eyes; aphakia in five eyes; and an acute perforation in one eye. Six of the nine grafts (67%) remained clear during a mean follow-up of 24 months (30 months in eyes with clear grafts). Development of ambulatory vision or better occurred in six of eight (75%) eyes after corneal transplantation and treatment of refractive errors and amblyopia. Graft failure occurred in three eyes--two from corneal decompensation, and one from homograft rejection. Complications included one total retinal detachment, one case of Streptococcus pneumoniae keratitis, and three cases that lost intraocular pressure control, requiring further glaucoma surgery. We conclude that useful vision can be achieved after penetrating keratoplasty even in some high-risk infants with congenital glaucoma.
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PMID:Penetrating keratoplasty in infants with congenital glaucoma. 784 12

Penetrating keratoplasty in children is a high risk transplantation. Indications increased with improvement of surgical techniques and therapies. Our purpose is to study anatomic and functional results of penetrating keratoplasty in children. We report the results of a retrospective study including 23 penetrating keratoplasties (22 eyes) performed in 20 patients younger than 16 years old, between 1991 and 2000 at the department of ophthalmology at Charles Nicolle University Hospital-Tunis. Penetrating keratoplasty was performed for congenital dystrophies in 6 cases (17.3%), for acquired traumatic opacities in 4 cases (26%) and for non traumatic acquired opacities in 13 cases (56.7%). Non traumatic acquired opacities were keratoconus in 8 cases (61.5%), keratitis in 3 cases (23%) and graft rejection in 2 cases (15.5%). The mean follow-up was 41.8 months. Grafts remained clear in 20 cases (83.3%). Graft rejection occurred in 4 cases. Graft failure occurred in 3 cases (16.6%). Mean postoperative visual acuity was 3/10 (ranging from 1/20 to 7/10). Penetrating keratoplasty in children allows a satisfying anatomic success but a moderate visual improvement. Amblyopia is the major obstacle to success in children corneal grafting.
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PMID:[Penetrating keratoplasty in children]. 1453 58


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