Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the present study, we observed changes of aquaporin 9 (AQP9) in the hippocampus induced by 5 min of ischemia in gerbils. In sham-operated animals, weak AQP9 immunoreactivity was detected in the stratum pyramidale of the hippocampus. AQP9 immunoreactivity, and its protein level in the CA1 region began to increase significantly at 6 hr and peaked 24 hr after ischemia. In the CA2/3 region, AQP9 immunoreactivity significantly increased at 12 hr after ischemia. Thereafter, AQP9 immunoreactivity in the hippocampus decreased continuously with time. From 4 days after ischemia, AQP9 immunoreactivity in the CA1 region was expressed and increased in glial components in the strata oriens and radiatum. Based on double-immunofluorescence staining, many AQP9-immunoreactive glial cells in the CA1 region were identified as astrocytes. In a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction study, AQP9 mRNA levels significantly increased in the CA1 region at 6 hr after ischemia, and thereafter AQP9 mRNA levels decreased with time after ischemia. In addition, the water content in the gerbil hippocampus was highest 3 hr after ischemia/reperfusion; thereafter, water content in the ischemic hippocampus was higher than that in the sham-operated group. This result shows how AQP9 in the gerbil hippocampus changes in neurons and is expressed in astrocytes before and after delayed neuronal death, respectively, after ischemia. These results indicate that changes in AQP9 in ischemic CA1 pyramidal cells may be related to delayed neuronal death and that the expression of AQP9 in astrocytes is related to gliosis in the CA1 region after transient forebrain ischemia.
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PMID:Aquaporin 9 changes in pyramidal cells before and is expressed in astrocytes after delayed neuronal death in the ischemic hippocampal CA1 region of the gerbil. 1752 24

Aquaglyceroporins belong to the aquaporin family and are permeable to water and also to small solutes such as glycerol and urea. In this review, we will compare the expression of aquaporin 9 (AQP9), an aquaglyceroporin, with that of AQP4, a pure water channel, in pathological conditions. In astrocytes, AQP4 is mainly involved in water and ionic homeostasis. Its expression is highly modified in several brain disorders and it plays a key role in cerebral edema formation. AQP9 is expressed in astrocytes and in catecholaminergic neurons. The level of expression of brain AQP9 is under the control of blood insulin concentrations, and its expression is increased in diabetes, suggesting that AQP9 could be involved in brain energy metabolism. The induction of AQP9 in astrocytes is observed over time after stroke onset, suggesting participation in the clearance of excess lactate in the extracellular space. In some models, AQP9 is also induced in non-catecholaminergic neurons after global ischemia and in the periphery of gliomas, however functional roles are still unclear. The review of literature underlies that each AQP has several distinctive roles which depend on the AQP and cell types.
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PMID:Aquaglyceroporin 9 in brain pathologies. 1985 Jan 8