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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spontaneous hippocampal electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in the pyramidal cell layer (PCL) and dentate gyrus (DG) during and after ischemia produced by bilateral clamping of the common carotid arteries in cats. Hippocampal theta waves, approximately 180 degree out of phase in PCL and DG, appeared within 4.3 +/- 2.3 seconds after the onset of bilateral carotid artery occlusion and continued for more than 60 minute. These hippocampal theta waves disappeared 34.2 +/- 10.2 seconds after 4 vessel occlusion. We could not find the clear difference between the two areas in the appearance and disappearance of the hippocampal theta waves. We further investigated the effects of thiamylal, ketamine and nicardipine on the hippocampal theta waves during bilateral carotid artery occlusion. Thiamylal changed the two hippocampal theta waves to a similar pattern of EEG, which has irregular slow and fast waves, in both PCL and DG. Ketamine changed the two theta waves to irregular complex pattern of fast and slow waves and spike activity, which is independent at two areas. Nicardipine, a Ca antagonist, changed the theta waves to irregular slow waves which were similar to the pattern of EEG observed before carotid artery occlusion. These results indicate that thiamylal, ketamine and nicardipine have different effects on the ischemia of hippocampus.
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PMID:[The effects of thiamylal, ketamine and nicardipine on the hippocampal theta waves produced by cerebral ischemia in cats]. 221 23

We report two cases of traumatic cerebral vascular disease which were treated successfully with barbiturate. The first case sustained blunt trauma to the bilateral vertebral arteries, resulting in complete occlusion of both arteries. After ligation of the injured vertebral arteries, multiple cerebral infarction appeared. Cerebral angiography revealed dissection and stenosis of the bilateral internal carotid arteries. We treated this case with barbiturate (Thiamylal) in combination with administration of heparin. The second case sustained cerebral contusion and traumatic subarachnoidal hemorrhage as a result of a motor cycle accident. This patient deteriorated and cerebral angiography showed diffuse cerebral arterial vasospasms. When this was treated with induced hypertension, he developed recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage. In order to protect the brain from ischemia without elevating blood pressure, we employed barbiturate therapy and the patient recovered without major neurological deficit. The condition of severe head injury with cerebral ischemia is complicated. Therefore it has been hard for neurosurgeons to cure the patient with this condition. But we treated it with barbiturate successfully. Barbiturate therapy in severe head injury with cerebral ischemia may decrease the mortality in that group of patients considered difficult to treat with the usual therapeutic modalities.
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PMID:[Barbiturate therapy in traumatic cerebral vascular disease: report of two cases]. 261 99