Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The intraaortic balloon was attempted for therapy in 94 patients and successfully placed in 86. The balloon catheter could not be passed through the femoral or iliac artery in 12 patients (13 percent) of the group; in 4 of these the balloon was inserted through an aortic arch graft. The medical indications were cardiogenic shock and preinfarction angina. Ten of the 14 patients in the group with shock survived when treated with an aortic balloon without emergency surgery. Indications for balloon pumping in the surgical group included inability to wean the patient from the pump-oxygenator, postoperative shock and prophylactic placement of the balloon for poor ventricular function. Inability to remove a patient from pump-oxygenator support was the most common surgical indication, and 47 percent of patients were long-term survivors. Only 1 of the 17 patients for whom balloon pumping was used prophylactically died. Complications occurred in 17 percent of the entire group of 86 patients although the rate for medical patients with cardiogenic shock was 50 percent. The most common complication was arterial insufficiency requiring removal of the balloon. Four patients had permanent damage to the legs from ischemia, one patient requiring bilateral amputation. The overall incidence of serious arterial obstruction was 10 percent. Other complications included balloon displacement with arterial obstruction and pericardial tamponade from anticoagulant agents resulting in death.
Am J Cardiol 1977 Sep
PMID:Results and complications of intraaortic balloon pumping in surgical and medical patients. 90 40

The syndrome of anterior segment ischemia occurred in three patients as a complication of cyclocryotherapy for hemorrhagic glaucoma. Cryotherapy was applied with a retinal probe (2.5 mm in diameter) for 12 one-minute applications (-60 degrees or -80 degrees C) over the entire 360-degree circumference at the globe. The pathogenesis for this complication may be related, and unique, to chronic ocular ischemia associated with rubeosis iridis.
Am J Ophthalmol 1977 Sep
PMID:Anterior segment ischemia after cyclocryotherapy. 90 Feb 35

A review of 64 popliteal aneurysms in 43 patients treated over a 14-year period revealed that thrombotic occlusion with ischemia and threatened limb loss was the most frequent complication (68%). Ten major amputations (23%) were necessary, four of which were the primary operations soon after admission. No limb loss occurred after operation in 11 patients with asymptomatic aneurysms. Direct revascularization was successful in 29 limbs (83%). Popliteal aneurysms should be resected, preferably in the asymptomatic stage, unless medical contraindications exist. Once thrombosis occurs, limb loss becomes a threatening likelihood.
Am Surg 1977 Sep
PMID:Popliteal aneurysms. 90 Jun 49

Necrotizing sialometaplasia was found in maxillary sinus mucous glands of an 83 year old woman who had undergone a radical maxillectomy for basal cell carcinoma 10 days earlier. Previously recognized as an ulcerating lesion involving salivary glands in the oral cavity, this benign reactive process may also occur in the mucous glands of the nasal cavity and sinuses and can simulate squamous cell or mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Ischemia appears to be pathogenetic.
Hum Pathol 1977 Sep
PMID:Necrotizing sialometaplasia involving the mucous glands of the nasal cavity. 90 48

Organ perfusion methods offer a number of advantages in biologic studies but require full characterization before application. Two new methods for perfusing rat testes were characterized and compared with recirculating hemicorpus system. These preparations, selective and isolated testicular perfusion, are nonrecirculating and consequently, allow direct measurement of testosterone secretion. In both systems, testosterone production was a fuction of the dose of human chorionic gonadotropin in the perfusion medium up to 1000 mIU per ml which appeared to be inhibitory. The isolated testis method, in comparison with the selective, is more sensitive to human chorionic gonadotropin, requires less perfusion medium, maintains normal blood flow rates and water content, and is associated with no ischemia at commencement of perfusion. However, this system does not retain normal levels of ATP and GTP after 3 hr of perfusion. Whereas both procedures may be used for studies of testosterone secretion and androgen receptors, the inability to maintain testicular ATP and GTP levels indicates that present methods are not suitable for study of processes dependent upon high energy phosphate metabolism.
Invest Urol 1977 Sep
PMID:Evaluation of methods for perfusing rat testes. 90 14

In five open-chest dogs, pairs of ultrasonic dimension gauges were implanted in the anterior papillary muscle and in a circumferential subendocardial segment of the anterior left ventricular free wall, and simultaneous recordings were made with intracardiac pressure. The average shortening of the anterior segment in isovolumetric systole was 6% of end-diastolic length (EDL), with a total shortening of 19%. In the papillary muscles, isovolumetric shortening averaged 2%, total shortening was 10%, and shortening velocity was only 0.60 length/s. With acute pressure and volume overload, or inotropic interventions, changes in EDL were relatively less in papillary muscles than in the free wall. During acute occlusion of the anterior descending coronary artery, shortening of anterior segments and papillary muscles was replaced by holosystolic lengthening, and occlussion of the circumflex artery produced augmentation of shortening in both these regions, with lengthening of the posterior papillary muscle. The present study documents shortening of the anterior left ventricular papillary muscle throughout systole that is substantially less than that of the circumferential free wall, and demonstrates severe papillary muscle dysfunction with systolic elongation during regional ischemia.
Am J Physiol 1977 Sep
PMID:In situ measurement of papillary muscle dynamics in the dog left ventricle. 91 Sep 28

The correlation between the three ischemia indicators angina pectoris (AP), ST-segment depression (ST) and excessive pulmonary wedge pressure rise (PCP) during exercise, and the coronary angiographic findings, were analysed in 293 patients without previous transmural myocardial infarction. This patient material consisted of 253 men and 40 women between the age of 20 and 65 years, the mean age being 48. The exercise tests were performed on a bicycle ergometer in supine position and in relatively steady state conditions. Pulmonary wedge pressure was measured by means of a Swan-Ganz floating catheter. The essential findings were: 1. If all three ischemia indicators were positive, the incidence of a positive angiographic finding i.e. a greater than or equal to 50% stenoses in at least one main coronary artery was 96.3%. 2. If only the two classic ischemia indicators were evaluated and positive, the incidence of a positive angiographic finding was only 86.1% (24). This difference is mainly due to false positive results of AP and ST in women. 3. If all three ischemia indicators were negative, the incidence of a negative angiographic finding was 89.2%. 4. If only the two classic ischemia indicators were evaluated and negative the incidence of a negative angiographic finding was as high (87,6% [24]). This lack of difference is due to the fact that patients with a previous intramural infarcion can be free not only of AP and ST but also of PCP during exercise. 5. The combination of AP and PCP, or ST and PCP, is equally reliable in predicting coronary morphology as the classic combination of AP and ST. It follows that PCP measurement is recommended, if one of the classic ischemia indicators cannot be properly evaluated.
Z Kardiol 1977 Sep
PMID:[Can predictability of coronary angiographic findings be improved by additional measurement of pulmonary wedge pressure during exercise? (author's transl)]. 91 74

1. Changes of structural proteins in experimental and human myocardial infarction were studied by the determination of myosin- and actomyosin-ATPase activities and gel electrophoretic analysis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). 2. In animal experiments using dogs, the relative amounts of myosin and alpha-actinin decreased at 24 to 48 hours after coronary ligation, became lowest at 72 hours, and remained at this level for 2 weeks and returned to almost normal value at 28 days. 3. Myosin- and actomyosin-ATPase activities decreased rapidly during 24 to 48 hours after ligation with temporary increase in their activities in the initial stage of ischemia and followed the similar time course as that of the amounts of myosin and alpha-actinin. 4. SDS gel electrophoretic analysis of structural proteins of infarcted tissues of the human hearts obtained from 5 cadavers showed also marked decrease of the contents of myosin and alpha-actinin with relative preservation of actin, tropomyosin and troponin-T.
Jpn Heart J 1977 Sep
PMID:Changes of cardiac structural proteins in myocardial infarction. 92 15

In 35 open chest anesthetized dogs coronary and aortic blood flow were measured with electromagnetic flowmeters while aortic and distal coronary blood pressure and an epicardial ECG were recorded. A fixed amount of stenosis (60-80%) was produced in the coronary artery by an externally applied plastic cylinder. In 24 of the 35 dogs the coronary blood flow showed cyclical reductions to near zero, with a sudden spontaneous return to near control levels. During reduced flow the epicardial ECG showed ST-segment depression suggestive of ischemia, and ventricular premature beats were often noted. Six animals died acutely during episodes of reduced flow. After 35 mg/kg of aspirin were given intravenously the cyclical reductions in coronary blood flow were abolished and the in vitro platelet aggregations were reduced from a control of 62.1 +/- 15 units (Born technique) to an average of 23.7 +/- 12 units. Histologic sections of the narrowed coronary artery obtained when coronary flow was reduced show an amorphous mass in the lumen which was thought to be a platelet aggregate. Perhaps a similar process of platelet aggregation occurs in the stenosed coronary arteries in man, producing acute coronary obstruction, ischemia, and sudden death.
Circulation 1976 Sep
PMID:Platelet aggregation in partially obstructed vessels and its elimination with aspirin. 94 67

A number of physiopathogenic mechanisms have been outlined to explain the "infarct-like" lesions produced by isoproterenol (ISP) in the hearts of various animals: Excess of oxygen consumption and inotropic effect, coronary vasoconstriction, deleterious action on glucose and lipid metabolism, direct cardiotoxic effect, platelet aggregation in the small cardiac vessels and formation of microclots, excessive mobilization of fatty acids, fluid and electrolytic imbalances, loss of high-energy intracellular coupling, and inadequate activation of the "calcium pump." For this reason, localization of the tritiated ISP in the normal myocardial fibers and in the induced lesions was studied. The first control group (G-1), consisted of 40 Wistar rats, weighing from 180 to 200 grams; they were injected intraperitoneally with ISP sulfate (10 mg. per kilogram) and were killed under ether anesthesia after periods of 5, 30, and 120 minutes, and 12 and 24 hours. A similar group (G-2) was injected intraperitoneally with an equal dose of ISP plus 5 muCi of tritiated ISP sulfate (3H). In this group animals were killed at the same periods as above. In rats treated with ISP-3H an abundant amount of the labeled drug was observed on the sarcolemma surface and a smaller quantity was noted inside the myocardial fibers. This observation was noted in the autoradiographs obtained 5 minutes after the injection and persisted in all subsequent observation times. In those animals which were killed 5 and 30 minutes after injection, the deposit was noted in "grooves" along the edge of the sarcolemma, strongly suggesting a primary action on the cellular membrane. These findings and the peculiar topography suggest that (1) myocardial necrosis induced by ISP is probably due to an increased activation of the "calcium pump"; the early presence of contracture bands and the positivity of the ischemia test further emphasize this statement; (2) the ISP effect is rapid; (3) the morphologic alterations are similar to those recently described as "coagulation myocytolysis" and present in human infarctions or following sudden death.
Am Heart J 1976 Sep
PMID:Localization by autoradiography of tritiated isoproterenol in "infarct-like" lesions of rat myocardium. 94 29


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