Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anisodamine was used as an antishock (chiefly septic) drug beginning in the early 1960s in China. Its underlining mechanism was believed to be due to its vasodilative action. But in normal animals it only produces slight vasodilation. Our work during the recent 15 years proved that anisodamine is not only beneficial in the treatment for septic shock, but also for hemorrhagic, traumatic, and SMAO shock, and its mechanism of action are based on its following biological actions: (1) it has membrane stabilization and cell protection action, which was probably related to its calcium antagonist action; (2) it protects ischemia intestine from releasing shock factors; and (3) its inhibition of endotoxin binding to cells and tissue at the membrane level probably makes it an special antishock drug for septic shock.
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PMID:Cell protection mechanism of antishock action of anisodamine. 129 54

After 30-min ischemia and 60-min reperfusions in rats by ligating bilateral vertebral and common carotid arteries, the brain calcium contents were increased from 171 +/- 6 micrograms in control group to 192 +/- 10 micrograms with abnormal EEG activities and ischemic injury in the brain tissues. Anisodamine 6.67 mg.kg-1, scopolamine 0.67 mg.kg-1 or atropine 0.67 mg.kg-1 injected ip decreased the elevated calcium contents of the rat brain to the level of control, reduced the ischemic injury of brain tissue, and promoted the recovery of EEG activities. The findings showed that the 3 henbane drugs might prevent the brain tissues from ischemic damage through reducing intracellular Ca2+ accumulation resulted from ischemia and reperfusion event.
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PMID:[Effects of 3 henbane drugs on acute forebrain ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats]. 145 60

Anisodamine is an alkaloid isolated from a Chinese plant, which was subsequently synthesized. Its chemical structure is similar to atropine. It inhibits cholinergic nerve function, improves microcirculation, and was reported to have a protective effect on reperfusion injury in various organs. We used anisodamine in a rabbit model with ischemia and reperfusion injury of hind limb muscles. We evaluated its effect on skeletal muscle cells, using transmission electron microscopy, and analyzed lipid peroxidation by measuring malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase blood concentrations. We found that malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase concentrations after 1 hour of reperfusion were lower in animals treated with anisodamine than in controls. Damage to membrane structures and myofilaments in muscle cells was less severe after anisodamine treatment. Our findings indicate that anisodamine protects skeletal muscles with ischemia and reperfusion injury.
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PMID:Protective effect of anisodamine on reperfusion injury of skeletal muscles in rabbit. 993 Jan 12

Anisodamine is a multi-functional bio-alkaloid with vascular activity. Our previous studies have revealed that anisodamine protects the heart from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury induced by cardiac arrest (CA) and resuscitation. This study aimed to explore whether the protective effect of anisodamine is mediated by inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) response, which has been demonstrated to implicate in various I/R injuries. After 5 min of CA induced by electric stimulation, Wistar rats were randomly selected to receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR, including chest compression and epinephrine infusion) with or without anisodamine injection (n = 50/group). Hearts were harvested 24 h after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Sham-operated animals served as non-ischemic controls (n = 10). The survival rate, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and the protein expression of ERS markers were detected. Thirty-three of the 50 rats in the Ani + CA/R group were successfully resuscitated, whereas only 18 of the 50 rats in the CA/R group gained ROSC. Survival to 24 h was significantly improved in the anisodamine treatment group (Ani + CA/R, n = 22/50) compared to the group with standard CPR (CA/R, n = 8/50). Anisodamine markedly decreased the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes, the protein expression of GRP78, CHOP, and the active form of Caspase3 compared to the CA/R group. Our data suggest that anisodamine protects against cellular damage in rat hearts after CA and resuscitation, at least in part, by inhibiting myocardial ERS.
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PMID:Inhibition of endoplasm reticulum stress by anisodamine protects against myocardial injury after cardiac arrest and resuscitation in rats. 2190 77

Anisodamine is an ancient Chinese medicine derived from Tibet as a belladonna alkaloid, which is usually used for improvement of blood circulation in patients with organ phosphorus poisoning or shock. In this study, for the first time, we report its cardioprotective effects on preventing ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and decreasing the myocardial infarction area and severity in heart of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Our results suggest a potential molecular mechanism of anisodamine against the I/R injury in cardiomyocytes is associated with its anti-apoptotic effect. Anisodamine treatment decreases the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-8, and increases Bcl-2/Bax ratio in cardiomyocytes. Our data suggest that anisodamine can provide significant cardioprotection against I/R injury, potentially through the suppression of cardiomyocytes apoptosis.
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PMID:Cardioprotective Effect of Anisodamine Against Myocardial Ischemia Injury and its Influence on Cardiomyocytes Apoptosis. 2725 14