Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mechanisms by which elevated levels of vasopressin (ADH) in man and animals cause serious myocardial dysfunction, evidenced by arrhythmias, reduction in cardiac output and coronary blood flow, are not settled. Experiments were conducted in 16 isolated working left ventricles to examine their metabolic and hemodynamic responses to the infusion of vasopressin and the combination of vasopressin and epinephrine. Contractile performance was evaluated by analysis of positive dP/dt, contractile element velocities, and ventricular work-curves using stroke work/end-diastolic pressure. Relaxation parameters, including negative dP/dt and the early diastolic relaxation time constant, were also studied. Coronary blood flow was reduced 22% or less by vasopressin while cardiac output was maintained at a constant level. Myocardial oxygen consumption, lactate and potassium balances were determined from arterial and coronary sinus concentrations. Vasopressin produced myocardial dysfunction indicated by decrements in contractile and relaxation indices, without evidence of global ischemia. Epinephrine restored the mechanical performance to normal without significant change in coronary blood flow, myocardial oxygen consumption, or lactate and potassium balance.
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PMID:Mechanisms of impaired cardiac function by vasopressin. 736 15

Although alcohol is likely to have direct effects on the subcellular integrity of the pancreas, other factors arising outside the pancreas may modulate or potentiate alcohol-induced damage. Among these factors are the hepatic metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde (via isoenzymes of ADH), the hepatic production of free radicals, the release of G.I. hormones, pancreatic ischemia (and reperfusion injury), hyperlipemia, diet and smoking. This article summarises what is known about these extrapancreatic factors. It is suggested that the pathogenesis of alcoholic pancreatitis is multifactorial but that many studies in this field are difficult to interpret because of methodological problems, particularly with regard to inadequate controls.
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PMID:An overview of extrapancreatic factors in the pathogenesis of alcoholic pancreatitis. 897 59