Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Changes in blood flow can be measured with the aid of infrared thermography and make possible a comparative assessment of the vascular effect of vasoconstrictors and local anesthetics. With Adrenalin, vasoconstriction sets in immediately following infiltration; with POR-8, a sufficient vasoconstriction is observed only after 10 to 15 minutes. In both products, ischemia subsides after 60 minutes. Adrenalin then reverses the reaction in reactive hyperemia after 150 minutes, while the tissue infiltrated with POR-8 returns to normal ater 120 minutes. When combining a local anesthetic with a vasoconstrictor, the intrinsic vascular effect has to be considered. We experimentally proved that Novocain (procaine), Hostacain (butanilicaine), and on a lower scale Xylocaine (lignocaine) have a vasodilator effect. Citanest (prilocaine) demonstrates no vasodilatory effect. Carbocaine (mepivacaine) produces a mild vasoconstriction.
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PMID:Investigation of the vascular effect of newer local anesthetics and vasoconstrictors. 29 55

A group of 173 patients with the diagnosis of systemic arteriosclerosis received a treatment with Novocain, according to the following schedule: three times a week intramusculary injections of 2% procain 5ml, that means 12 injections a month in 3--5 series. The results were very encouraging in 46% of the treated patients, in 28% a slight improvement was obtained while in 26% the state was unchanged but not worse. The treatment with Gerovital H3 according to A. Aslans method gave very good results in the treatment of diseases like: heart ischemia, systemic arteriosclerosis, predominant cerebral arteriosclerosis, arteriosclerotic Parkinsons disease; obvious results were also obtained in the treatment of psychical disturbances related to arteriosclerosis. The comparison with the control group (patients with placebo) emphasized the good results of the treatment of Aslan: Gerovital H3.
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PMID:[Successes in novocain therapy in the control of premature ageing (author's transl)]. 33 94

The cellular and subcellular responses related to the survival or destruction and subsequent regeneration of muscle fibers within the freely grafted extensor digitorum longus muscle of the rat were examined by light and electron microscopy. A small number of fibers at the periphery of the grafts survived the initial ischemia but underwent denervation changes and accumulated lipid deposits. The majority of fibers in the grafts, however, became ischemic and underwent an intrinsic degeneration within 4 hours. Cell-mediated destruction of the degenerating fibers occurred as the grafts became revascularized. The basal laminae and some of the satellite cells were the only elements of the original fibers that persisted. Regeneration began at the periphery of the graft within three days after grafting and reached the center about three days later. After phagocytosis of the original fibers, presumptive myoblasts within the grafts differentiated into myoblasts and myotubes. The formation of myotubes followed a biphasic pattern of development comparable to that of normal fetal muscle. Although most of the myotubes were formed within the basal lamina remaining from the original fiber, there was also evidence for regeneration outside the basal lamina. Myotubes matured into muscle fibers which were essentially normal in apperance when examined up to 180 days after grafting. Some fibers, however, were atrophic, presumably due to a failure to become innervated, and some fibers were joined by myo-myous junctions. Pre-denervated grafts and Marcaine-treated grafts were also examined. There were more surviving fibers in pre-denervated grafts, and cell-mediated destruction of degenerating fibers proceeded more rapidly than in normal grafts. No surviving fibers were found in Marcaine-treated grafts. The changes in these grafts were otherwise similar to normal grafts. A schematic model of the spatial and temporal sequence of degeneration and regeneration within a free muscle graft is presented.
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PMID:Cellular responses to free grafting of the extensor digitorum longus muscle of the rat. 43 49

The endovascular treatment of spinal vascular malformations places the spinal cord at risk for ischemia. When these procedures are performed using general anesthesia, the neurophysiological monitoring methods currently available provide the only means by which to assess the functional integrity of sensory and motor pathways. Neurophysiological monitoring allows a warning for the neuroradiologist of impending irreversible neurological damage so that action may be taken for the prompt restoration of adequate spinal cord perfusion. Muscle motor evoked potentials (mMEPs) better reflect spinal cord perfusion in the anterior spinal artery territory than do somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), although their use during spinal endovascular procedures remains anecdotal in the literature. In the study reported here we assessed: (1) the feasibility of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, (2) the role of provocative tests with Amytal and Xylocaine, and (3) the specific but complementary role played by SEPs and mMEPs, during endovascular embolization of spinal vascular malformations and tumors. The results suggest that: (1) neurophysiological monitoring is feasible during most endovascular procedures in the spine and spinal cord under general anesthesia, (2) provocative tests enhance the safety of the procedure, (3) mMEPs are more feasible than SEPs and more sensitive than SEPs to provocative tests. We strongly suggest the use of multimodal neurophysiological monitoring and provocative tests during the endovascular treatment of spinal and spinal cord vascular lesions.
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PMID:Neuroprotective role of neurophysiological monitoring during endovascular procedures in the spinal cord. 1146 64

A 52-year-old man had loss of vision and black discoloration of the lids of the right eye after a retrobulbar injection of 3 mL lidocaine hydrochloride 2% (Xylocaine). Examination of the right eye revealed no light perception with extensive necrosis of the lids. Anterior segment examination revealed conjunctival pallor, corneal edema, and necrosis of the sclera. This is a previously unreported complication of retrobulbar anesthesia comprising ophthalmic artery occlusion with scleral melt, ocular ischemia, and eyelid necrosis.
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PMID:Necrosis of the eyelids and sclera after retrobulbar anesthesia. 1268 60