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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report 31 cases of "vascular epilepsy" among 280 cerebral strokes confirmed by cranial computerized tomography. A high incidence of ischemia (28 cases : 90%) is noted. Epileptic seizures are initial (14 cases) or sequellar (17 cases) manifestations of cerebral stroke. Partial seizures are the most frequent (58%), particularly "Jacksonian" motor fits, which, when initial, often lead to status epilepticus. Frequency and bad prognosis of initial status epilepticus are pointed out.
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PMID:[Vascular epilepsy: clinical, electroencephalographic, and computerized tomographic aspects (author's transl)]. 626 3

Focal cortical dysplasias are a frequent etiology of partial seizure disorders refractory to medical treatment. We report the case of a patient with focal cortical dysplasia, confirmed by surgery, in association with ischemic cerebral lesions that possibly occurred during the intra-uterine development. This observation reinforces the hypothesis of a possible factor of causality between prenatal ischemia and anomalies of cortical development.
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PMID:[Focal cortical dysplasia possibly related to a probable prenatal ischemic injury]. 1244 45

One hundred and seventy-three patients with ischemic brain lesion and steno-occlusive process who have different types of epileptic seizures have been studied. The seizures have developed in 51.5% of patients after ischemic stroke and in 48.5% of patients with chronic brain ischemia. Electroencephalography, magnetic-resonance tomography, transcranial dopplerography, a duplex study of intracranial cerebral vessels with functional tests and extracranial dopplerography have been conducted along with a neurological examination. Focal seizures were the most prevalent in patients with lesions of the right carotid bed. There was the dissociation of localization of ischemic zones with epileptiform foci recorded more often in the left hemisphere. Clinical-functional-neuroimaging patterns depended on the time of the vascular catastrophe. The feature of brain ischemic disease was the change of cerebrovascular reactivity in the vertebrobasilar bed that reflected the insufficiency of perfusion reserve. This fact may suggest the imbalance and insufficiency of antiepileptic system.
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PMID:[Phenomenology of vascular epilepsy: clinical-functional-neuroimaging correlates]. 2087 13

Intraoperative EEG monitoring is increasingly used during aortic arch procedures for early detection of acute neurologic dysfunction. In those procedures involving cardiopulmonary bypass, increased neuroprotection may be gained by using hypothermic circulatory arrest and selective cerebral perfusion. Several techniques for cerebral perfusion exist; yet no studies have noted distinct EEG patterns associated with different techniques. In this study, we reviewed EEG records of six aortic arch procedures that used cannulation of the innominate artery to provide selective antegrade cerebral perfusion. In each case, a transient hemispheric asymmetry was noted within 2 minutes of the start of head cooling, consisting of enhanced suppression over the right compared with the left hemisphere, which was confirmed by power analysis. The EEG returned to baseline during passive-head rewarming in five cases, whereas a brief left-sided partial seizure occurred during rewarming in one case. These findings suggest that antegrade cerebral perfusion using cannulation of the innominate artery results in enhanced cooling of the right hemisphere as detected by intraoperative EEG monitoring. Characterization of this finding is necessary to prevent misinterpretation of ischemia by EEG.
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PMID:EEG asymmetry during aortic arch surgeries associated with selective preferential cerebral hypothermia. 2488 6