Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The report is concerned with clinico-electrophysiological studies of 36 patients with acute occlusional processes in the system of the subclavian artery. The causes of acute occlusions were mainly cardiac disorders and anomalies in the development of bone-muscular systems in the upper apperture of the thorax. Diffucilties of diagnosis during the initial peroids can be explained by a prevalence of symptoms of irritation with wide zones of distribution of pain and acroparesthesia. The amount of supplementary methods of studies, including angiography, predetermine the second period which is characterized by symptoms of desintegration of the peripheral nervous system functions and typical signs of arterial ischemia. An early detection of causes of acute arterial ischemia is a basis for determining the level and volume of surgical operations and measures leading to the restitution of functions of the peripheral nervous system.
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PMID:[Changes in the nervous system of patients with acute occlusive processes in the subclavian artery system]. 89 22

In experiments on cats and dogs under general anesthesia nonachlazine, a new antianginal agent, depressed the reflex decrease of the blood flow to the coronary arteries (electromagnetic recording). Nonachlazine also depressed the reflex decrease of the blood flow in the system of common carotic artery, and the pressure vasomotor reflexes. During recording the tonic and reflex activity in the heart sympathetic nerves nonachlazine proved to selectively inhibit the vasoconstrictor impulses from Adelta-afferent fibers of the spinal nerves, that is it influenced the vasomotor component of the "primary" pain reaction. This mechanism could underlie the block by nonachlazine of the pain syndrome during the heart ischemia disease.
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PMID:[Mechanism of action of nonachlazin on nervous regulation of coronary circulation]. 95 79

Intra-aortic balloon pumping is used at MGH for the reversal of acute myocardial ischemia in those patients not responding to usual medical means. The survival rate of surgical intervention in patients in cardiogenic shock was significantly increased in patients who had been balloon-pumped prior to surgery. The use of the intra-aortic balloon assist early in the postoperative patient showing low cardiac output state not only served to improve hemodynamics but also led to the preservation of the myocardium and ultimate improved survival. The balloon assist was initiated to control the ischemic states in patients with severe unstable angina. Used in association with nitroprusside and propranolol, this method produced marked improvement and reduction of pain in patients. Indications are that intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation at the present time is the safest and most predictable means of controlling acute ischemia in patients who are resistant to standard medical intervention.
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PMID:Intra-aortic balloon assist for cardiogenic shock and ischemic states at Massachusetts General Hospital. 96 75

In the elderly, revascularization of a severely ischemic lower extremity with occlusion of both femoral and popliteal arteries often can be achieved by surgical construction of a distal bypass to the tibial or peroneal arteries. An aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic approach is necessary, in an attempt to prevent recourse to primary amputation. Femoroperoneal or femorotibial bypass can be performed safely and is recommended in elderly patients with advanced ischemia of a lower extremity with absolute indications for surgical intervention, e.g., gangrene, gangrenous ulceration or rest pain. A significant number of limbs can be salvaged by this method. Although the mortality rate in the older age groups is predictably higher, the overall rate for this operation compares favorably with that for primary amputation.
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PMID:Femorotibial bypass in the elderly for revascularization of the severely ischemic lower extremity. 97 35

We compared patients with variant angina (ST-segment elevation during pain) who had normal or near normal coronary arteriograms (Group 1) with 20 in whom variant angina occurred in the presence of obstructive coronary lesions (Group 2). A long history of nonexertional angina without angina of effort or previous infarction was the rule in Group 1, whereas recent-onset unstable angina preceded by effort angina and infarction predominated in Group 2 (P less than 0.001). Normal electrocardiograms at rest, with ischemic ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads, and ischemia-induced heart block and bradycardia, characterized Group 1, whereas abnormal electrocardiograms, ischemic involvement or fibrillation were more common in Group 2 (P less than 0.001). Variant angina with normal coronary arteriogram generally has a benign course and is probably unrelated to atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Clinical syndrome of variant angina with normal coronary arteriogram. 98 80

We describe 31 patients in whom proximal lesions in the arterial tree were identified as probable sources of emboli causing the "blue toe" syndrome. This syndrome consists of acute digital ischemia caused by microembolization to the digital arteries from a proximal source via a patent arterial tree, as evidenced by an otherwise well-perfused foot. It is closely analogous to the transient ischemic attacks of the brain, and carries the same potential for serious tissue loss because of repeated embolic showers. The prompt delineation and eradication of the embolic source is of prime importance, in addition to restoration of arterial continuity. Along with the other well-known features of chronic severe ischemia, that is, rest pain, gangrene, etc, the "blue toe" syndrome is therefore an indication for limb salvage surgery.
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PMID:"Blue toe" syndrome. An indication for limb salvage surgery. 98 75

On the basis of our experience with 1827 femoropopliteal arterial reconstructions performed from 1959 through 1974 we have worked up a system of strict guidelines for the choice of procedure. The vein bypass is the method of choice in all cases at stages III/IV (i.e. resting pain or gangrene), in lengthy occlusions of the femoral arteries continuing into the distal popliteal arteries or in stenotic lesions or occlusions of the tibial arteries, in all recurrent occlusions, and in cases with calcification or dilatation of the arterial wall. The indication for endarterectomy is restricted to stage II (i.e. intermittent claudication) and to segmental occlusions of the femoral or popliteal arteries as well as transitional or lengthy occlusions of the femoral artery continuing to the proximal popliteal artery. Under these guidelines a total group of 645 patients underwent 721 femoropopliteal reconstructions-307 endarterectomies and 414 vein grafts-from 1971 through 1974. The average age of the patients was 60 years. In 50% of all cases operations were carried out for advanced ischemia treatening the extremity. For all the series the patency rate of vein bypass was 79% and of endarterectomy 71%. Accumulative patency rates by the life table method according to the preoperative degree of arterial insufficiency and the postoperative follow up period of 4 years do not show statistically significant differences between both procedures under the given guidelines.
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PMID:[Endarterectomy versus vein bypass grafts in femoropopliteal occlusions (author's transl)]. 101 10

The authors conducted a clinico-EMG study of 118 patients with an embolism of the aortal bifurcation and magistral arteries of the lower extremities. Among this contingent 58 were studied in the remote period -- from 2-7 years following a surgical operation. The clinical symptoms of embolism were expressed in severe pain, sensory, motor and vegetative-trophic disturbances in the affected extremities. Three degrees of the nervous system lesions were distinguished in an embolism. It was also demonstrated that there were significant changes in the bioelectrical muscle activity of the extremities. In the remote period following embolectomia, in most of the patients there still were sequalae of acute ischemia of the nervous tissue, the expressiveness of which depended upon the calibre of the occluded vessel, degree of tissue ischemia, the time of treatment and the time following the operation. A retarded restitution may be explained by the degree of the nervous tissue lesion and the persisting insufficiency of circulation in the extremities.
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PMID:[Dynamics of neurologic disorders following embolism of the bifurcation of the aorta and major arteries of the lower extremities]. 101 31

Pacing-induced myocardial ischemia in 18 patients resulted in an increase of coronary sinus hypoxanthine levels from 1.20 +/- 0.18 micron during control to 2.41 +/- 0.52 micron (p less than 0.025) during pain. In addition, early lactate production occurred frequently before angina was noted. Neither hypoxanthine nor lactate levels changed in seven nonanginal patients, nor were significant alterations in potassium, inorganic phosphate, glucose, or oxygen saturation found in all patients. Myocardial hypoxanthine production seems a useful indicator of ischemia in the human heart.
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PMID:Changes in purine nucleoside content in human myocardial efflux during pacing-induced ischemia. 103 94

The author describes a family (48 year old mother and 15 year old son) with the muscular variant of glycogenosis-McArde's metabolic myopathy. The mother has been ill since 22 years old, the son--since 7. The disease had a slowly progressive development. The clinical picture was characterized by convulsions of the type of cramps following physical loadings on muscles of the body and extremities. Convulsions were accompanied by pain, an induration and enlargment of the muscles, muscle fatigue and increased significantly in an artifical ischemia of the extremities. A histochemical study of the muscle revealed a pathological accumulation of glycogen. The content of lactic and pyruvic acid in the blood after work in ischemic conditions did not change significantly. A study of the sugar curve in the blood with a loading with glucose and a parallel determination of insulin by a radioimmune method found hyperinsulinemia and a dysfunction of the pancreas.
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PMID:[McArdle's disease (a familial case)]. 106 64


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