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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the surgical treatment of a Bland-White-Garland syndrome (BWG-syndrome) of adult type in a 61-year old female patient. Coronary catheterization revealed an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the trunk of the pulmonary artery. Based on excellent collateral perfusion of the artery from the right coronary artery, ligation near its origin from the pulmonary artery was attempted via a minimally-invasive approach. No saphenous vein bypass was implanted, no reimplantation of the anomalous vessel in the aorta was performed. The patient recovered uneventfully without signs of ischemia. Appearance of BWG-syndrome in adults is very rare, especially without symptoms of myocardial ischemia. The different modalities of the treatment of these syndromes in adult patients are often debated. In this case, closure without revascularisation appeared to be appropriate.
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PMID:Bland-White-Garland syndrome. Surgical treatment using a minimal-invasive approach. 1536 20

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital anomaly that is often referred to as Bland-White-Garland syndrome. Isolated anomalous origin of the left anterior descending (LAD) or circumflex arteries is even rarer. A 38-year-old woman presented with typical angina of about two-year history. Physical examination findings were normal other than a grade 3/6 systolic murmur. Electrocardiography showed anterolateral ST-segment depression and T wave inversion, indicating anterior ischemia. Color flow transthoracic Doppler echocardiography showed dilated coronary arteries. Parasternal short axis views demonstrated an abnormal flow originating from the common pulmonary artery. Upon suspicion of a coronary anomaly, coronary angiography was performed. Both the left circumflex (Cx) and right coronary arteries (RCA) were found dilated, giving extensive collaterals to the LAD artery, which drained into the main pulmonary artery. Computed tomographic angiography confirmed that the LAD artery originated from the main pulmonary artery. Surgical correction was performed and the LAD artery was re-anastomosed to the aorta. Control coronary angiography performed one week after surgery showed patent LAD artery and diminished collateral supply from the RCA and Cx arteries.
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PMID:Left anterior descending coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery: a rarity suspected during echocardiography. 1862 12

We report a case of Bland-White-Garland syndrome with advanced age. The patient, a 67-year-old women, presented with a history of congestive heart failure. Coronary catheterization revealed an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery (LCA) from the trunk of the pulmonary artery and huge right coronary aneurysm. Myocardial single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) showed previous myocardial infarction with reversible ischemia in left anterior descending (LAD) region. We performed LCA direct closure and coronary artery bypass graft. The patient recovered uneventfully without signs of ischemia. Although a bypass graft was patent, left ventricular function had not been improved immediately probably due to the coronary flow pattern changes.
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PMID:[Coronary artery bypass graft for Bland-White-Garland syndrome in an old age; report of a case]. 2117 71

We report a case of anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) or Bland-White-Garland syndrome, present the challenges of performing a differential diagnosis, and discuss the treatment of the syndrome. Although ALCAPA is a rare congenital heart disease, it is one of the most common causes of myocardial ischemia in childhood and presents a diagnostic challenge. A four-year-old girl was referred to a pediatric cardiologist for evaluation of mitral valve regurgitation murmur and heart failure. The transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated the left coronary artery (LCA) not arising from the aorta, presence of coronary collateral circulation, and moderate mitral valve regurgitation. ALCAPA was confirmed using angiotomography. The LCA was surgically reimplanted into the aorta. After 3 years of postoperative follow-up, the patient developed an LCA aneurysm. Diagnosis of cardiac ischemia in childhood remains a challenge, and careful evaluation of coronary arteries on the echocardiogram is an important tool. In this report, we present a case of ALCAPA with an uncommon postoperative outcome.
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PMID:Aneurysm of the Left Coronary Artery in Postoperative Bland-White-Garland Syndrome. 2677 Aug 39

Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA), or Bland-White-Garland syndrome, is a rare congenital coronary anomaly that results in altered myocardial perfusion and a left to right shunt. It occurs in 1:300000 live births and represents 0.24% to 0.46% of all congenital cardiac diseases. Despite its rarity, it is one of the most common causes of ischemia and infarction in children. Ninety percent of these patients will die within the first year of life if untreated and diagnosing this abnormality in adulthood is extremely rare. Of those patients who survive to adulthood, the average age of sudden cardiac death is 35 years. The initial symptoms of the adult presentation vary widely from progressive dyspnea to sudden cardiac death; therefore, immediate surgical correction is highly recommended upon diagnosis. Understanding the pathophysiology and nature of collateral coronary flow in this congenital anomaly is paramount to the safe anesthetic management of adults with ALCAPA. Here we describe the intraoperative management and echocardiographic findings in a 68-year-old with with recently diagnosed ALCAPA undergoing surgical repair.
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PMID:A Rare Case of Anomalous Left Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Artery (Bland-White-Garland Syndrome) in a 68-Year-Old Woman. 2740 60

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (ARCA) from the main pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly, unlike the well-known anomalous origin of the left coronary artery (Bland-White-Garland syndrome) from the pulmonary artery. Since most ARCA cases are diagnosed during childhood, few adult cases have been reported. We describe the case of a patient who demonstrated ventricular arrhythmia and low cardiac function due to ischemic heart disease and an ARCA. Coronary angiography revealed flow from the left coronary artery to the pulmonary artery via an epicardial collateral artery and the right coronary artery. Multidetector-row computed tomography provided a definitive diagnosis of ARCA; the patient underwent surgical revascularization. <Learning objective: We incidentally diagnosed ARCA in a patient who experienced ventricular fibrillation. ARCA is a rare condition caused by early-onset cardiac ischemia, which may be a differential diagnosis for this congenital anomaly. Multidetector-row computed tomography is useful for detecting ARCA and determining the coronary artery's course and other congenital anomalies. Immediate surgical treatment for ARCA is strongly recommended to prevent sudden cardiac death.>.
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PMID:Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery diagnosed in an adult: A case report. 3054 21