Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pelvic cancer causes several types of pain, i.e., visceral, neuropathic, and somatic pain. Somatic pain is due to stimulation of nociceptors in the integument and supporting structures, namely, striated muscles, joints, periosteum, bones, and nerve trunks by direct extension through fascial planes and their lymphatic supply. In 60% of patients with malignant disease of soft tissues, nerve trunk, and sacral invasion from carcinoma of the cervix, uterus, vagina, colon, rectum, and other tissues in women, and from penile, prostate, and colorectal carcinoma and sarcoma in men, they have neuropathic pain. The infiltration of the perineal nerves results in lumbosacral plexopathies and complete destruction of the nerve, including perineural lymphatic invasions producing symptomatic sensory loss, causalgia, and deafferentation. Visceral pain is the result of spasms of smooth muscles of hallow viscus; distortion of capsule of solid organs; inflammation; chemical irritation; traction or twisting of mesentery; and ischemia, or necrosis, and encroachment of pelvis and presacral tumors. Pain of these types is managed by different modalities depending on the age of the patient, the expected life expectancy, availability of invasive and non-invasive pain control modalities, and the resources of the patient, community, and health care agencies. Patients with pelvic cancer can live with less pain due to better pain-control modalities that are available today with the help of dedicated and caring algologists.
 ...
PMID:Pelvic cancer pain. 1113 74

Arterial catheterization is a simple technique that yields great benefits, such as continuous monitoring of arterial pressure and the possibility of taking repeated samples for analysis. However, it is not free of complications, the main ones being limb ischemia and gas embolism. To reduce the risk of complications, guidelines for insertion and maintenance of arterial catheters have been established. We report two cases of acute hand ischemia secondary to arterial catheterization. Both patients were undergoing surgery for sarcoma-type abdominal cancer and developed acute ischemia of the hand lasting several hours. The predisposing factor in both cases was the existence of a highly advanced sarcoma-type abdominal tumor, probably related to a state of hypercoagulability.
 ...
PMID:[Acute ischemia of the hand as a complication of radial artery catheterization. Apropos of 2 cases following abdominal sarcoma surgery]. 1117 69

A case of atypical decubital fibroplasia with unusual histology arising in the buttock of a 68-year-old bed-ridden male in presented. The lesion measuring 5.4 cm in greatest dimension was histologically characterized by a proliferation of fibroblasts with oval to spindle nuclei and dense fibrous stroma with focal hyalinization and calcification. Ganglion-like fibroblastic cells and multinucleated giant cells of osteoclast type were also observed. There were numerous elastic fibers within and adjacent to the proliferating stromal cells. The proliferating stromal cells were positive for vimentin and collagen type IV but negative for CAM 5.2, epithelial membrane antigen, desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, muscle actin, HHF35, S-100 protein and CD34. Ultrastructurally, they were of a fibroblastic nature. The hypercellularity, lack of zones of fibrinoid necrosis, lack of lobulation and the presence of multinucleated giant cells were different from the originally described lesion. This condition represents a variant of atypical decubital fibroplasia. Pathogenic factors of this lesion are considered to be chronically repeated pressure and associated intermittent ischemia. The recognition of the lesion and its distinction from a sarcoma is essential.
 ...
PMID:Atypical decubital fibroplasia with unusual histology. 1187 17

The utility of combining the vascular targeting agents 5,6-dimethyl-xanthenone-4 acetic acid (DMXAA) and combretastatin A-4 disodium phosphate (CA4DP) with the anticancer drugs cisplatin and cyclophosphamide (CP) was evaluated in experimental rodent (KHT sarcoma), human breast (SKBR3) and ovarian (OW-1) tumor models. Doses of the vascular targeting agents that led to rapid vascular shutdown and subsequent extensive central tumor necrosis were identified. Histologic evaluation showed morphologic damage of tumor cells within a few hours after treatment, followed by extensive hemorrhagic necrosis and dose-dependent neoplastic cell death as a result of prolonged ischemia. Whereas these effects were induced by a range of CA4DP doses (10-150 mg/kg), the dose response to DMXAA was extremely steep; doses < or = 15 mg/kg were ineffective and doses > or = 20 mg/kg were toxic. DMXAA also enhanced the tumor cell killing of cisplatin, but doses > 15 mg/kg were required. In contrast, CA4DP increased cisplatin-induced tumor cell killing at all doses studied. This enhancement of cisplatin efficacy was dependent on the sequence and interval between the agents. The greatest effects were achieved when the vascular targeting agents were administered 1-3 hr after cisplatin. When CA4DP (100 mg/kg) or DMXAA (17.5 mg/kg) were administered 1 hr after a range of doses of cisplatin or CP, the tumor cell kill was 10-500-fold greater than that seen with chemotherapy alone. In addition, the inclusion of the antivascular agents did not increase bone marrow stem cell toxicity associated with these anticancer drugs, thus giving rise to a therapeutic gain.
 ...
PMID:Vascular targeting agents enhance chemotherapeutic agent activities in solid tumor therapy. 1194 84

In order to investigate protein function in rat primary cortical neuronal cultures, we modified an adenoviral vector expression system and assessed the strength and specificity of the cytomegalovirus (CMV), rous sarcoma virus (RSV), and rat and human synapsin 1 (SYN1) promoters to drive DsRed-X expression. We also incorporated the woodchuck post-transcriptional regulatory element (WPRE) and a CMV promoter-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter cassette. We observed that the RSV promoter activity was strong in neurons and moderate in astrocytes, while the CMV promoter activity was weak-to-moderate in neurons and very strong in astrocytes. The rat and human SYN1 promoters exhibited similar but weak activity in neurons, despite inclusion of the WPRE. We confirmed that the WPRE enhanced RSV promoter-mediated DsRed-X expression in a time-dependent fashion. Interestingly, we observed very weak SYN1-mediated DsRed-X expression in astrocytes and HEK293 cells suggesting incomplete neuronal-restrictive behavior for this promoter. Finally, using our adenoviral expression system, we demonstrated that RSV promoter-mediated Bcl-X(L) overexpression attenuated neuronal death caused by in vitro ischemia and oxidative stress.
 ...
PMID:Assessment of CMV, RSV and SYN1 promoters and the woodchuck post-transcriptional regulatory element in adenovirus vectors for transgene expression in cortical neuronal cultures. 1680 10

Primary malignant vascular tumors represent a rare cause of acute extremity ischemia. Due to unspecific symptoms the correct diagnosis is often delayed and confirmed in many cases as late as post mortem. Differential diagnosis of malignant vascular tumors should be considered in patients with acute ischemia, atypical history and absence of typical risk factors for vascular diseases. The overall prognosis of such tumors is poor. If possible, complete curative resection in combination with arterial reconstruction should be performed. Multimodal therapy has to be considered and discussed in appropriate tumor boards. We report a case of a 70-year-old male patient with acute ischemia and contained rupture of a pseudoaneurysm of the external iliac artery due to an undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma. At the time of the primary operation, diffuse skeletal metastases were present but even detected postoperatively during staging. Therefore, no adjuvant or palliative therapy was initiated. In the postoperative course, recurrent non reversible ischemia was present followed by amputation of the right leg. The patient died 5 months after first operation. In the autopsy further metastases of lung and liver were found.
 ...
PMID:[Acute limb ischemia as first symptom by contained ruptured pseudoaneurysm of an undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of the arteria iliaca externa]. 1710 70

Acute limb ischemia, a serious medical condition characterized by a rapid decrease in limb perfusion, often threatens limb viability. Acute limb ischemia can be secondary to multitude of causes, with the two most common being embolus and thrombosis in situ secondary to underlying peripheral artery disease. In this report we present an unusual case of acute limb ischemia secondary to intimal sarcoma of the thoracic aorta and outline the role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in such cases.
 ...
PMID:An unusual cause of acute limb ischemia: aortic intimal sarcoma. 2135 65

A total of 137 patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer underwent ablative surgery and primary free flap reconstruction during a period of 9 years, 2001-2009 (men 73.7 %, women 26.3 %). Surgery included a multidisciplinary approach involving plastic, head and neck, and maxillofacial surgeons. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represented the vast majority of the diagnosed tumors (91.2 %); other tumors represented in the study were malignant melanoma, sarcoma, adenocarcinoma and blastoma. The free flaps (n = 143) used for reconstructive surgery included radial forearm flap (n = 128), fibular flap (n = 13) and rectus abdominis muscular flap (n = 2). Twenty patients (15 %) needed reoperation within 48 h due to clinical signs of hematoma (n = 8) and free flap ischemia (n = 12). Furthermore, we report a total of 12 free flap failures, giving an overall free flap success rate of 92 %. Five patients were treated due to infections at donor site (4 %). The overall survival rate (OS) in male patients diagnosed with oral SCC stage II-IV after 2 and 5 years was 82 and 78 %, respectively. Female patients in the same group displayed a 2- and 5-year OS of 78 and 67 %, respectively. Furthermore, analysis of patients treated for recurrence of primary SCC displayed a 2- and 5-year OS of 70 and 55 %, respectively. We conclude that our multidisciplinary approach and treatment algorithm for head and neck cancer including primary free flap reconstruction reconstitutes a safe and reliable tool.
 ...
PMID:Head and neck reconstruction using microsurgery: a 9-year retrospective study. 2341 24

A 34-year-old man experienced lower limb ischemia due to tumor emboli as an initial symptom. Histopathologic examination of the embolic material revealed undifferentiated sarcoma. By echocardiography the original tumor was arising from the posterior mitral leaflet, and therefore, excision of the mitral valve resulted in complete resection of the sarcoma. Mitral valve replacement was performed, and his postoperative course was uneventful. He did not receive postoperative adjuvant therapy. The patient has been undergoing positron emission tomography and electrocardiography on an outpatient basis to check for signs of recurrence. However, no signs of recurrence have been detected for 7 years postoperatively, and the patient leads an active life.
...
PMID:[Long-term survival after complete resection of primary cardiac undifferentiated sarcoma;report of a case]. 2400 46

Aortic intimal sarcoma is a rare tumor with poor prognosis. The most common manifestations are thromboembolic phenomena and vascular obstruction. We present a case of aortic intimal sarcoma causing bilateral renal artery stenosis which manifested as resistant hypertension and acute kidney inury. Multiple attempts to stent the renal arteries were unsuccessful. Eventually the patient developed acute limb ischemia and oliguric kidney failure as complications of the primary tumor.
...
PMID:Aortic intimal sarcoma masquerading as bilateral renal artery stenosis. 2405 70


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>