Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Simultaneous measurement of cardiac output distribution with 86Rubidium and 57Cobalt-tagged microspheres in rats implanted with liver tumors by intraportal injection of sarcoma cells enables quantitation of arterial and portal tumor circulation. The portal circulation was found to be increased in small tumors as compared to the liver, but as the tumor grew there was a decrease in the portal tumor circulation. When the tumor growth became massive even the total liver circulation was reduced, as measured with 133Xenon wash-out. All the tumors had increased arterial circulation. This arterial hyperperfusion was changed into ischemia when the liver artery was occluded through embolization with degradable microspheres.
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PMID:The circulation in liver tissue and experimental liver metastases before and after embolization of the liver artery. 91 87

A bioassay is described for the quantitation of tumor cells in blood specimens in a syngeneic mouse tumor system (Sarcoma 1 in A/J mice). The procedure involved i.m. injection of blood containing tumor cells into each thigh of normal recipient mice and, 14 days later, examination of the sites of injection for evidence of tumor growth. For each specimen, a tumor index was calculated based on the number of tumor takes and the size of the tumors. The number of tumor cells was determined by comparison with tumor indices from standard specimens with known number of tumor cells. Optimal conditions for this assay were investigated. We have used this bioassay to quantitate tumor cells in the venous blood of tumor-bearing animals under various treatments and manipulations. At the same time, the incidence of regional node metastasis was obtained by direct histological examination. Surgical removal of a well-established primary tumor enhanced the dissemination of the tumor, as evidenced by an increased incidence in regional node metastasis and an increase in the number of tumor cells reaching the venous circulation. Similar results were obtained when the tumor-bearing feet were ligated to produce ischemia of the primary tumor. Repeated physical trauma to the primary tumor resulted in increased dissemination of tumor cells into the venous circulation, but it did not increase the incidence of regional node metastasis. Immunosuppression of the tumor-bearing animals increased the dissemination of tumor cells, whereas immunostimulation decreased the dissemination.
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PMID:Bioassay for quantitating circulating tumor cells in a syngeneic mouse tumor system. 126 58

Pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferations have been recognised at a variety of sites. We describe five lesions of the spermatic cord, four of which were incidental findings at inguinal herniorrhaphy. The patients' age range was 52-76 years. In all cases, sarcoma was suspected histologically, but each lesion showed morphologic features in keeping with fasciitis-like lesions described at other sites. Two cases showed actin positivity, supporting this interpretation. All were marginally or incompletely excised. One recurred locally. We believe that ischemia or torsion is of pathogenetic importance at this site. We propose that the term "proliferative funiculitis" be used to describe this type of reactive process when it presents in the spermatic cord.
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PMID:Pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferations of the spermatic cord ("proliferative funiculitis"). Histologic and immunohistochemical analysis of a distinctive entity. 847 Jul 67

To investigate the effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rHuTNF-alpha) on high-energy phosphate metabolism of cancer cells, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies were performed on a murine methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma. Injection of 15 micrograms of rHuTNF-alpha caused progressive depletion of ATP and phosphocreatine within 90 min, together with an increase in inorganic phosphate. Metabolic changes were correlated with the early histological appearance of thrombosis and hemorrhage. A spatially localized NMR technique demonstrated that these changes were specific for the tumor. Acute ischemia of the tumor produced similar metabolic changes; thus the metabolic effects of rHuTNF-alpha could be due to either a primary action on tumor biochemistry or a secondary action produced by ischemia. These findings indicate that rHuTNF-alpha has a very rapid onset of action, which can be detected by 31P NMR. Furthermore, the results suggest that 31P NMR spectroscopy will be extremely useful for detecting early biochemical changes produced by rHuTNF-alpha or other treatments in animal and human cancers.
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PMID:Early metabolic response to tumor necrosis factor in mouse sarcoma: a phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance study. 270 53

A major right hemispheric infarct developed in a 31-year-old man within forty-eight hours of lung resection for metastatic synovial-cell sarcoma. Post mortem exam revealed tumorous occlusion of the right internal carotid artery. Major stroke from cerebral tumor embolus should be seriously considered in patients with primary or metastatic lung cancer who have had a very recent pneumonectomy, especially when there are symptoms and signs of multi-organ or extremity ischemia.
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PMID:Major cerebral infarction from tumor embolus. 301 31

A 2-year-old boy had intermittent pain and mottling of the left thigh. Swelling of the vastus lateralis developed, and a biopsy revealed proliferative myositis. The pathogenesis is unknown, but trauma and ischemia have been implicated. The rarity of proliferative myositis in children, and the possibility of mistaking the lesion for a sarcoma make the case noteworthy.
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PMID:Proliferative myositis in a two-year-old child. 360 19

Chemotherapy drugs have been reported to cause cardiac side effects including cardiomyopathy, ischemia, arrhythmias, and myocardial necrosis. Most important in terms of daily practice is anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. The bisdioxopiperazine compound, dexrazoxane (ICRF-187, ADR-529), has been shown to prevent this cumulative side effect of the anthracyclines. Recent randomized trials performed in breast cancer and in pediatric sarcoma patients have demonstrated the efficacy of this approach, which permits the administration of anthracyclines to greater cumulative doses and thus leads to a substantial reduction in the incidence of decreased left-ventricular ejection fraction or congestive heart failure. Response rates were not significantly different with the use of dexrazoxane in these trials. The risk ratio for a cardiac event was decreased by two to threefold in randomized breast studies involving more than 700 women. Paclitaxel also has been reported to cause arrhythmias and possibly ischemia. In a large data base, National Cancer Institute investigators found a 0.29% incidence of grade 4 or 5 cardiac toxicities, including heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and ischemic events. Other important chemotherapy-related cardiac toxicities discussed include fluorouracil-induced angina and arrhythmias, interleukin-4 induced-cardiomyopathy, and cardiotoxicity associated with autologous bone marrow transplantation procedures.
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PMID:Cardiotoxicity and cardioprotection during chemotherapy. 757 76

When large hepatic or retroperitoneal tumors encroach upon hepatic veins or vena cava and make conventional resection hazardous, the most commonly used method of hepatic resection or vena cava reconstruction includes hepatic vascular exclusion, at times with venovenous bypass or aortic occlusion. These techniques result in warm liver ischemia, and may be accompanied by significant systemic hypotension, despite aggressive central venous preloading. Hepatic lobe (two patients) and retroperitoneal sarcoma (one patient) resections were done in a cold, bloodless field without significant complications. Standard cardiopulmonary bypass techniques with heparin and cardioplegia were used. Systemic circulatory arrest was done at 15 degrees C with isolated retrograde perfusion of the brain through the jugular veins. Hepatic vein and vena cava reconstructions were performed with arrest times of between 30 and 78 minutes. Blood loss was gradual and easily controlled, occurring during the rewarming phase when clot formation was inhibited by cold and heparin.
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PMID:Hepatic and vena cava resection using cardiopulmonary bypass with hypothermic circulatory arrest. 865 45

Ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a model system of oxidative stress and a potential anti-cancer therapy. Tumour cytotoxicity follows oxygen radical damage to the vasculature which is modulated by tumour production of the vasoactive agent, nitric oxide (NO.). In vivo hydroxylation of salicylate, to 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate (DHBs), was used to measure the generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH.) following temporary vascular occlusion in two murine tumours (with widely differing capacity to produce NO.) and normal skin. Significantly greater OH. generation followed I/R of murine adenocarcinoma CaNT tumours (low NO. production) compared to round cell sarcoma SaS tumours (high NO. production) and normal skin. These data suggest that tumour production of NO. confers resistance to I/R injury, in part by reducing production of oxygen radicals and oxidative stress to the vasculature. Inhibition of NO synthase (NOS), during vascular reperfusion, significantly increased OH. generation in both tumour types, but not skin. This increase in cytotoxicity suggests oxidative injury may be attenuation by tumour production of NO.. Hydroxyl radical generation following I/R injury correlated with vascular damage and response of tumours in vivo, but not skin, which indicates a potential therapeutic benefit from this approach.
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PMID:Involvement of oxygen free radicals in ischaemia-reperfusion injury to murine tumours: role of nitric oxide. 968 13

The Stewart-Bluefarb syndrome is defined as an unilateral angiodermatitis due to multiple arterio-venous fistules accompanied by acroangiodermatitis resembling Kaposi sarcoma (pseudo-kaposi sarcoma). The acroangiodermatitis is most common on the lower limb. It leads to ulcerated nodules with a high risk of bleeding and infection, as well as edema, pain and seldom limb hypertrophy. Curative therapy requires elimination of the arteriovenous shunts. Surgical destruction of the multiple small fistulae is a limitating factor. A better alternative is embolisation, but this approach carries the risk of ischemia and necrosis. A 32 year old female patient with Stewart-Bluefarb syndrome is presented; she has been successfully treated with embolisation on eight occasions.
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PMID:[Successful long-term therapy of Stewart-Bluefarb syndrome]. 1087 71


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