Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy developed extensive retinal arteriolar and capillary obstruction. Ophthalmoscopy showed many white, thread-like retinal arterioles associated with capillary and venous dilatation. Widespread retinal arteriolar and capillary nonperfusion was demonstrated by fluorescein angiography. Ischemic maculopathy resulted in severe loss of visual acuity in some eyes. The severe degree of retinal ischemia was accompanied by optic disc pallor and neovascularization and a high incidence of rubeosis iridis with neovascular glaucoma. Patients with this variety of diabetic retinopathy have a poor prognosis of retaining useful vision.
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PMID:Retinal ischemia in diabetic retinopathy. 120 Aug 95

Eyes with macular edema caused by retinal branch vein occlusion underwent masked evaluation of fluorescein angiography to determine complete macular perfusion vs incomplete macular perfusion (capillary dropout, ischemia). Cases evaluated as incomplete macular perfusion showed a greater frequency of improvement (91%) in visual acuity than did perfused cases (29%) (P = .003) after a mean follow-up of 39 months. Ischemic edema is often transient, and is associated with a good outcome in visual acuity (median final visual acuity was 20/30). Perfused macular edema has a poorer prognosis for visual acuity (median final visual acuity was 20/80). Macular ischemia is usually associated with a broken foveal capillary ring. Previous animal research on ischemic brain edema has shown that following brain ischemia, an intracellular and an extracellular hypertonic environment lead to intracellular and extracellular edema (cytotoxic edema), which is often followed by vascular protein leakage (vasogenic edema). A similar occurrence in ischemic retina could explain the transient edema reported herein, with good outcome in visual acuity following the spontaneous resolution of edema.
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PMID:Ischemic macular edema. Recognition and favorable natural history in branch vein occlusion. 141 44

To describe the clinical and optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristics of ischemic maculopathy in two patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis developed ischemic maculopathy. Both patients presented with central visual loss and active granular CMV retinitis. The presence of opacification of the superficial retina in the macular area and intraretinal edema suggested the diagnosis. Fluorescein angiography changes were similar in the two cases with enlargement of the foveal avascular zone and late staining of juxtafoveal vessels. OCT changes were suggestive of retinal ischemia: Increased reflectivity from the inner retinal layer and decreased backscattering from the retinal photoreceptors due to fluid and retinal edema. Ischemic maculopathy may cause a severe and permanent decrease in vision in AIDS patients. Fluorescein angiography and OCT should be considered in any patient with AIDS and unexplained visual loss. The mechanism of ischemic maculopathy may be multifactorial.
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PMID:Unilateral Ischemic Maculopathy Associated with Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Patients with AIDS: Optical Coherence Tomography Findings. 2705 96