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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The syndrome of anterior segment ischemia occurred in three patients as a complication of cyclocryotherapy for hemorrhagic glaucoma. Cryotherapy was applied with a retinal probe (2.5 mm in diameter) for 12 one-minute applications (-60 degrees or -80 degrees C) over the entire 360-degree circumference at the globe. The pathogenesis for this complication may be related, and unique, to chronic ocular ischemia associated with rubeosis iridis.
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PMID:Anterior segment ischemia after cyclocryotherapy. 90 Feb 35

Eight patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy developed extensive retinal arteriolar and capillary obstruction. Ophthalmoscopy showed many white, thread-like retinal arterioles associated with capillary and venous dilatation. Widespread retinal arteriolar and capillary nonperfusion was demonstrated by fluorescein angiography. Ischemic maculopathy resulted in severe loss of visual acuity in some eyes. The severe degree of retinal ischemia was accompanied by optic disc pallor and neovascularization and a high incidence of rubeosis iridis with neovascular glaucoma. Patients with this variety of diabetic retinopathy have a poor prognosis of retaining useful vision.
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PMID:Retinal ischemia in diabetic retinopathy. 120 Aug 95

Between January 1986 and December 1989 we prospectively studied 125 patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Documented by fundus photography and fluorescein angiography clinical and angiographic findings were analysed. The age of the patients was between 22 and 89 years with a mean of 60 years. 74 (59%) were male and 51 (41%) female. 63 (50.4%) right and 62 (49.6%) left eyes were affected. Arterial hypertension was found in 34 (37.2%) and diabetes mellitus in 18 (14.4%) of the patients. Glaucoma was present in 14 (11.2%). 11 (8.8%) patients had bilateral CRVO. Preretinal neovascularisation was found in 5 (4%), vitreous hemorrhage in 6 (4.8%) and a retinal detachment in 2 (1.6%) patients. Iris neovascularisation at time of first presentation was found in 8 (6.4%) of all patients, related to the number of ischemic type of CRVO in 17.7%. Cystoid macular edema was found in 77 (61.6%), ischemic maculopathy in 24 (19.2%) patients, and a combination of cystoid and ischemic maculopathy in 11 (8.8%). Mean visual acuity was 20/100. A non ischemic type was present in 80 (64%) an ischemic in 45 (36%) of patients. Mean visual acuity in the non ischemic type was 20/60 and highly significant better (p < 0.0001) than in the ischemic type with a mean visual acuity of 20/400 (Mann-Whitney test). The density of intraretinal hemorrhages (p = 0.0005) and type of maculopathy (p < 0.0001) were highly significant related to the ischemia type (chi-square method).
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PMID:[Clinical and fluorescein angiography changes in patients with central retinal vein occlusion. A unicenter study of 125 patients]. 147 86

Retinal vascular manifestation is the most common form of ophthalmic involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Most frequently these consist of cotton-wool spots with or without intraretinal hemorrhages. Although rare, a more severe retinal vaso-occlusive disease, termed retinal vasculitis, has been described. We report on a 37-year-old white female with a 13-year follow-up of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, which suffered massive bilateral visual loss coincident with the systemic exacerbation of her disease (proteinuria, pneumonia, serositis, leucopenia). The diagnosis of SLE was established with reference to the revised ARA-criteria (American Rheumatism Association). Ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography revealed the typical aspect of a SLE-associated vaso-occlusive retinopathy on both eyes with marked ischemia of the macula. Immediate maximal immuno-suppressive therapy, early performed panretinal photocoagulation and subsequent cryoretinopexy did not stop the progression of the disease. Six months after the initial event vascularisations of the disc and rubeosis iridis occurred, but no secondary glaucoma up to date. In this patient, the almost complete absence of characteristic autoantibodies and immunological markers was striking. The correlation with other lupus manifestations, different therapeutic concepts and prognostic factors in SLE-associated retinal vasculitis are discussed.
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PMID:[Severe occlusive bilateral retinal vasculitis within the scope of seronegative systemic lupus erythematosus]. 147 91

Five consecutive patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy who were treated successfully with panretinal photocoagulation subsequently developed a central retinal artery obstruction. Iris neovascularization developed in the affected eye within one to three months after the obstruction in four of the five patients despite the previous laser treatment. Additional retinal ischemia, as occurs in central retinal artery obstruction, appears to promote marked iris neovascularization in a large percentage of patients, even when successful photocoagulation for proliferative retinopathy has been previously administered.
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PMID:Iris neovascularization after central retinal artery obstruction despite previous panretinal photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy. 169 95

Carotid artery obstructive disease, although infrequently diagnosed as a primary or contributing cause of neovascular glaucoma, can produce distinctive characteristics. Decreased perfusion of the ciliary body may decrease aqueous humor production. As a result, such eyes with neovascular glaucoma may occasionally be normotensive or even hypotensive. Fluorescein angiography may show an increased arm-to-retina time and leakage from the major retinal arterioles. Panretinal photocoagulation may not eliminate the anterior segment neovascularization because of anterior segment ischemia. Endarterectomy can significantly increase intraocular pressure as perfusion to the ciliary body returns to normal. These characteristics were found in two patients, a 67-year-old woman and a 49-year-old man, with diabetes and hypertension. In both cases cyclocryotherapy significantly reduced the intraocular pressure and the rubeosis iridis regressed.
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PMID:Neovascular glaucoma and carotid artery obstructive disease. 240 76

Iris neovascularization and neovascular glaucoma were diagnosed in three diabetic patients following neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. Each of the patients had previously undergone an uncomplicated extracapsular cataract extraction with insertion of a posterior chamber lens implant. These occurrences are consistent with the hypothesis that the posterior lens capsule may serve as a protective barrier to a diffusible vasoproliferative factor from the vitreous or retina. Both the beneficial optical effects and the potential adverse effects should be carefully considered prior to performing neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in diabetic patients or other patients with ischemia in the fundus. Following neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, these eyes should be closely followed up for signs of neovascularization and possible panretinal photocoagulation.
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PMID:Neovascular glaucoma following neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. 242 63

Vitrectomy was performed to treat 74 consecutive eyes for complications of diabetic retinopathy. Eight (13%) of 61 eyes followed up for an average of 12 months developed anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation. This was the most common postoperative complication, whose features included recurrent hemorrhages into the vitreous cavity or anterior vitreous, or both; vessels or fibrovascular tissue on the posterior lens capsule; anterior extraretinal vascularization extending toward the lens on the anterior hyaloid; traction detachment of the peripheral retina or ciliary body; and hypotony. Patients who developed this complication tended to be young males with severe retinal neovascularization and extensive retinal ischemia; traction retinal detachment as an indication for surgery; placement of a scleral buckle; postoperative rubeosis iridis, recurrent vitreous hemorrhages, and retinal detachment; and multiple surgeries. Four eyes progressed to atrophia bulbi. Early recognition followed by additional surgery in two patients and extensive additional photocoagulation in two other patients was successful in preserving good visual function.
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PMID:Anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation after diabetic vitrectomy. 244 1

This report describes a young high-myopic patient who developed rubeosis iridis with peripheral retinal neovascularization one year after a circular buckling operation. Subsequently, vitreous bleeding and exudation led to traction retinal detachment which was treated successfully by anterior vitrectomy and cryopexy. It is suggested that this case represents a mild form of anterior-segment ischemia, combined with peripheral retinal ischemia.
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PMID:Peripheral retinal neovascularization and rubeosis iridis after a bilateral circular buckling operation. 245 62

Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is the treatment of choice for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Indications for treatment are the presence of disc new vessels or the presence of new vessels elsewhere with hemorrhage. Rubeosis iridis and retinal neovascularization undergo involution following panretinal photocoagulation. The long-term visual results are excellent excepting for eyes with diffuse diabetic retinal ischemia. Long-term follow-up and repeat photocoagulation as needed are advised.
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PMID:Treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Long-term results of argon laser photocoagulation. 258 Feb 59


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