Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anterior segment ischemia occurred in a 66-year-old patient following recession of one medial rectus muscle combined with lateral rectus muscle union to the vertical rectus muscles (Jensen procedure). The mechanism of this complication is explained as inadvertent strangulation of the anterior ciliary arteries during tying of the split lateral rectus to the temporal aspects of the vertical rectus muscles. Special efforts to preserve the integrity of anterior ciliary arteries in those portions of the vertical rectus muscles not involved in the muscle union should be made to avoid this complication.
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PMID:Anterior segment ischemia following the Jensen procedure. 126 60

Syphilitic disease of the retina and/or the optic nerve head, without choroidal involvement, occurred in our 4 cases and in another 19 cases. The condition almost always takes place in the secondary stage, frequently associated with meningitis, and rarely in tertiary meningovascular syphilis. Fluctuating visual loss and floating spots without ocular pain are the presenting symptoms. Retinitis, papillitis, and neuroretinitis are accompanied by an inflammatory reaction in the vitreous and, sometimes, in the aqueous. Paracentral scotomas and blind spot enlargement, related with posterior pole and papillary edema, are the most usual visual field defects. Almost complete visual recovery is the rule in the treated cases, although in some instances cystoid macular edema and retinal ischemia due to endarteritis cause permanent visual loss. Treatment with crystalline penicillin is mandatory in patients with concomitant neurosyphilis, whereas procaine penicillin is seemingly sufficient in those with a normal cerebral spinal fluid examination.
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PMID:Neuroretinitis in acquired syphilis. 398 5

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a naturally occurring redox cofactor that acts as an essential nutrient, antioxidant, and redox modulator. It has previously been reported to reduce infarct size in 7-day-old rat pups with an in vivo cerebral hypoxia/ischemia model (Jensen et al., 1994). In this study, we tested whether improvement is found in both behavioral measures of protection and by histological measures of infarcted tissue at 72 h after reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (rMCAo) in adult rats. Two-hour rMCAo was induced in adult rats using the intraluminal suture technique. PQQ (10, 3, and 1 mg/kg) was given once by intravenous injection at the initiation, or 3 h after the initiation, of 2 h rMCAo. Neurobehavioral deficits were evaluated daily for 3 days followed by infarct volumes measurements by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. PQQ at 10 mg/kg infused at the initiation, or 3 h after the initiation, of rMCAo was effective in reducing cerebral infarct volumes measured 72 h later. At 3 h after ischemia, a dose of 3 mg/kg significantly reduced infarct volume compared to vehicle-treated animals, but 1 mg/kg was ineffective. Neurobehavioral scores were also significantly better in the PQQ-treated group compared to the vehicle controls when PQQ was given at 10 and 3 mg/kg, but not at 1 mg/kg. Thus, PQQ is neuroprotective when given as a single administration at least 3 h after initiation of rMCAo. These data indicate that PQQ may be a useful neuroprotectant in stroke therapy.
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PMID:Neuroprotection by pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) in reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion in the adult rat. 1670 2

A case of a 14 year-old boy that was admitted complaining of bilateral ocular visual blurring for 2 years is reported. The ophthalmological examination disclosed bilateral mild optic disc hyperemia and swelling, retinal exudation, few retinal hemorrhages, multiple aneurysms, as well as vasculitis. Fluorescein angiography showed extensive peripheral retinal ischemia, dilatations and hyperfluorescence of the vessels walls, and leakage of the optic disc in the late phases in both eyes. This rare case represents an entity characterized by peripheral retinal vascular occlusion, retinal vasculitis, multiple posterior retinal aneurysms, and neuroretinitis (IRVAN). Systemic evaluation and laboratory work-up did not suggest any systemic abnormality. Panretinal laser photocoagulation was performed in both eyes, and the patient was treated with oral prednisone with maintenance of the visual acuity after 1 year of follow-up. Laser treatment should be considered when angiographic evidence of widespread retinal no perfusion is present, and before the development of signs of retinal neovascularization.
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PMID:[Idiopathic retinal, vasculitis, aneurysms and neuroretinitis (IRVAN): case report]. 2276 Aug 9

Specific red flag clinical signs in ophthalmology might indicate serious underlying systemic disease. This review illustrates five big red flags in neuro-ophthalmology of interest to comprehensive ophthalmologists. These clinical signs include: (i) retinochoroidal venous collaterals, (ii) optic disc edema with a macular star, (iii) chronic red eyes refractory to topical therapy, (iv) aberrant regeneration not secondary to ischemia, and (v) the misdiagnosis of immune disease in immunosuppressed patients. We also describe the common causative factors suggested by these red flags (i.e., optic nerve sheath meningioma, infectious neuroretinitis, carotid cavernous fistula, compressive third nerve lesions, and the incorrect diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome [THS]), as well as the distinctive laboratory or radiographic signs for each condition.
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PMID:Big red flags in neuro-ophthalmology. 2341 92

A modification of the Jensen procedure is presented in which the lateral two-thirds of the superior and inferior rectus muscles and the center one-third of the lateral rectus are left uninvolved in order to reduce the possibility of anterior segment ischemia.
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PMID:Modification of the Jensen procedure. 2487 42

Jensen procedures were performed on 29 eyes of 26 patients with lateral rectus palsy between January 1972 and July 1985. The cases were reviewed retrospectively to assess efficacy of the procedure and long-term stability. The patients were evaluated preoperatively with prism cover test, versions, forced auctions, saccadic velocities, and diplopia fields. All patients were observed preoperatively for at least 6 months and had no further recovery of function. Eighteen eyes had less than 20% of normal abduction saccadic velocity; nine eyes had 20% to 40%; two could not be assessed with saccadic velocities. The procedure was a Jensen's union combined with a medial rectus recession on adjustable suture. The average follow-up was 4 years. Twenty-four patients had good head positions and fusion with a functional area of single binocular vision, averaging 41 horizontally. All patients demonstrated improved saccadic velocities, with similar improvement for those beginning with less than 20% abduction saccadic velocity and those with 20%-40%. A single case of anterior segment ischemia is reported.
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PMID:Long-term follow-up of Jensen procedures. 2488 Jan 84

The idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms and neuroretinitis (IRVAN) syndrome is a disease characterized by multiple retinal macroaneurysms, neuroretinitis and peripheral capillary nonperfusion. Visual loss may result from either ischemia-related complications or macular involvement. Treatment is not always rewarding. We report a case with stage 2 IRVAN syndrome who was successfully treated with a single bilateral intravitreal dexamethasone implant in addition to panretinal photocoagulation and systemic azathioprine treatment.
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PMID:Single Bilateral Dexamethasone Implant in Addition to Panretinal Photocoagulation and Oral Azathioprine Treatment in IRVAN Syndrome. 2580 6

Abducens palsy is one of the commonly encountered cranial nerve palsies in strabismus clinic. For large-angle esotropia, due to complete abducens palsies, various vertical recti transposition (VRT) procedures have been described. Hummelsheim and Jensen's procedure are especially popular among them. Risk of anterior segment ischemia and induced vertical deviation postVRT prompt to search for better procedures to correct the esotropia and also improve the abduction. Modified Nishida's procedure (no split, no tenotomy transposition) is one of the newly described procedure in this direction. We describe three cases of complete abducens nerve palsy treated by this procedure.
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PMID:No split, no tenotomy transposition procedure for complete abducens palsy. 2872 31

Idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis (IRVAN) is a rare syndrome affecting the retinal and optic disc vasculature. Diffuse retinal ischemia, macular edema, and neovascularization may lead to bilateral vision loss. The authors report a case of a 36-year-old woman presenting with branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) in her right eye who was subsequently diagnosed with IRVAN syndrome. She was treated with panretinal photocoagulation for peripheral retinal ischemia and pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage. She later developed a BRAO in her left eye. This case demonstrates that BRAO may be a presenting feature of IRVAN syndrome. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2017;48:948-951.].
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PMID:Idiopathic Retinal Vasculitis, Aneurysms, and Neuroretinitis Syndrome Presenting With Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion. 2912 67


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