Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Like other vascularized organs, bone can react with increasing interstitial fluid to disturbances in permeability caused by various noxae. Signs of bone marrow edema recognizable in magnetic resonance imaging are described for conditions such as trauma, stress, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, ischemia, and infection. A bone marrow edema may be an early or the only sign of a disease entity visible solely on MR images. We made a retrospective study of musculoskeletal MR examinations conducted over a period of 3 months to estimate the incidence of bone marrow edema.
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PMID:[Bone marrow edema in MRT]. 143 19

A 59-year-old man developed dystonia and reflex sympathetic dystrophy after receiving high doses of ergotamine for migraine treatment. Ischemia is suggested as the precipitating factor.
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PMID:Dystonia and reflex sympathetic dystrophy induced by ergotamine. 158 44

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) usually occurs in an individual who has been experiencing significant personal stress, a state associated with increased discharge of norepinephrine (NE) from perivascular postganglionic sympathetic neurons. RSD is often precipitated by this sequence: traumatic arterial spasm, regional ischemia, neurogenic inflammation, and ischemic/edematous damage to membranes of preterminal perivascular nociceptive neurons. In the natural repair of these membranes, it is suggested that adrenoceptors appear and are ordinarily transitory; but in RSD, they are retained by the increased adjacent NE. This process delays further healing, produces pain, and releases inflammatory substances, resulting in interacting pathophysiologic vicious cycles.
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PMID:Norepinephrine in reflex sympathetic dystrophy: an hypothesis. 252 Apr 21

We are presenting the results of a multicenter retrospective study including 203 patients with arterial disease of the lower extremities, treated with epidural stimulation. The indications were: stage III or IV ischemia of the Leriche-Fontaine classification, arteriosclerosis or diabetic arteriopathy and untractable pain, or presence of necrosis as in Buerger's disease, Raynaud's phenomenon, frost-bite, Sudeck's disease and ergotamin poisoning. 47 p. cent of the patients had undergone a sympathectomy. The evolution was excellent in 47 p. cent of arteriosclerosis and/or diabetes cases, 100 p. cent of cases of Buerger's disease, 78 p. cent of cases of Raynaud's disease, and good in 33 p. cent of patients with arteriosclerosis and 12 p. cent of cases of Raynaud's disease. The plethysmography curves were improved and there was a statistically significant increase of the transcutaneous PO2 as well as of the isotopic results of muscular and cutaneous perfusion with 201TL and 125I antipyrin. These results demonstrate the capabilities of epidural stimulation in the treatment of arterial diseases of the extremities.
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PMID:[Epidural stimulation in arteritic patients]. 268 35

During arterial flow scintigraphy, increased tracer uptake in the upper extremity has been noted secondary to induced ischemia distal to blood-pressure cuffs and simple tourniquets, employed prior to the injection. We prospectively studied 68 patients undergoing three-phase bone scintigraphy to evaluate the frequency and magnitude of this artifact. The results showed that when a blood-pressure cuff was applied virtually all patients demonstrated increased activity in the extremity of cuff application. When a simple rubber tourniquet was applied few patients demonstrated the artifact. Only one patient, a case of reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome, had increased uptake on blood-pool and skeletal-phase images. We recommend that in flow studies of the hands, wrists, and forearms, blood pressure cuffs not be employed and that at least 3 min should elapse between release of the occlusive device and injection. Asymmetry of flow under these conditions is unlikely to be artifact.
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PMID:Increased extremity uptake on three-phase bone scans caused by peripherally induced ischemia prior to injection. 379 3

A reduction of the arterial blood pressure of the muscles of the 4 tight fascial compartments of the shank may be initiated by: Trauma and operation of the lower extremities, spontaneous bleeding, occlusion of the arteries, general and local hypotonia due to elevation of the leg, as well as by drug abuse and increased stress of the muscles of the lower extremities. This is followed by an increased swelling and tension of the tissue with ischemia and consecutive paralyses of the nerves and muscles in the presence of almost simultaneous muscle contractures. We may encounter a double insult, a "rebound" effect, if f.i. following removal of a two thigh bandage of the shank the compartment again becomes too narrow due to a postischemic swelling. The anterior tibial syndrome is frequently caused by an increased exertion in sports and in the military service. The dorsal syndromes are often accompanied by Sudeck's dystrophy in the late stages. In treatment the early and extensive longitudinal incision of the respective fasciae is imperative in order to prevent the typical equino-varus deformity and hallux flexus.
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PMID:[Compartment syndromes of the lower extremities (author's transl)]. 710 62

Recently, the ischemia-test (IT) had been suggested to be part of the diagnostic procedure for reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). The present study investigated, for the first time whether pain suppressing, as typically occurring under the IT, would correlate in RSD to the pain relieving effect following a diagnostic guanethidine blockade. For this purpose, both IT and guanethidine blockade were applied to 40 RSD-patients. A high correlation was found between the results of both procedures: 89% of those cases, who showed a positive IT (38 out of 40 patients) also reported acute pain relieve following the guanethidine blockade. Thus, both procedures have the same diagnostic value for pain in RSD. These results are in agreement with new pathophysiological considerations, assuming an indirectly (via the microvascular system) mediated sympathetic-afferent coupling as a cause of pain in RSD.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of sympathetic reflex dystrophy. Comparison of ischemia test and modified guanethidine blockade]. 807 90

Despite Sudeck's cautionary report regarding the risk of colon necrosis following a pull-through procedure, published in 1907, most colorectal surgeons do not pay close attention to Sudeck's critical point when operating in the rectosigmoid region. We report herein the case of a patient who developed an ischemic stricture, 6 cm in length, in the rectosigmoid colon distal to the anastomosis following a radical sigmoidectomy with division of the superior rectal artery immediately distal to Sudeck's point. This is the first documentation of a patient developing an ischemic stricture attributable to sigmoidectomy. Division of the artery distal to Sudeck's point most probably impaired the blood supply to the rectosigmoid colon, which subsequently resulted in occlusive ischemic colitis. Thus, there is a risk that division of the superior rectal artery distal to Sudeck's point may lead to colonic ischemia in the remaining rectosigmoid region following sigmoidectomy.
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PMID:Ischemic stricture of the rectosigmoid colon caused by division of the superior rectal artery below Sudeck's point during sigmoidectomy: report of a case. 906 9

We present our initial experience with retroperitoneoscopic lumbar sympathectomy in a series of 5 men aged 25-45 years. 3 suffered from ischemia of the lower limbs due to Buerger's disease, 1 had severe reflex sympathetic dystrophy and 1 had vasculitis with severe, non-healing lower leg ulcers. The right retroperitoneal space was developed with a dissecting balloon-trocar introduced via a small lateral muscle-splitting flank incision. 2 additional 5 mm trocars were used for instrumentation and clipping. L2-L3 or L3-L4 ganglia were resected; mean operating time was 120 minutes. Only oral analgesics were needed for postoperative pain control and oral food intake was resumed the following morning. The procedure was successful in all and was without complications. Mean hospital stay was 2 days. All patients reported significant relief of ischemia or dystrophic pain and/or improvement in trophic changes in the extremities. In the patient with leg ulcers, the largest was successfully covered with a skin graft. The retroperitoneoscopic approach to lumbar sympathectomy successfully combines the advantages of minimal invasive surgery and the reliability and effectiveness of well-established open sympathectomy.
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PMID:[First experiences with retroperitoneoscopic lumbar sympathectomy]. 1095 25

The objective was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) for treatment of a variety of sympathetic disorders, including hyperhidrosis, splanchnic pain, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, and Raynaud upper extremity ischemia. Sixty-three ETS procedures were performed in 34 patients at the University of Maryland Medical System between March 1992 and August 1999 (14 male patients, 20 female patients; mean age 22 years). The indications for surgery were hyperhidrosis in 26 patients, upper extremity ischemia in 3 patients, splanchnic pain and reflex sympathetic dystrophy in 2 patients each, and facial blushing in 1 patient. Preoperative symptoms resolved completely or improved significantly in 97.1% (33/34) of patients. One patient with left reflex sympathetic dystrophy had symptoms that recurred shortly after surgery. There were no major complications; one patient with hyperhidrosis reported significant compensatory hyperhidrosis. These findings suggest that ETS is a safe and effective procedure for treatment of a variety of sympathetic disorders. Its application for hyperhidrosis is very effective, and its treatment of splanchnic pain, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, and Raynaud syndrome are rewarding. With increasing experience, ETS should become established in the repertoire of the thoracic surgeon.
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PMID:Thoracoscopic sympathectomy. 1133 Mar 86


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