Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Light microscopic, electron microscopic, and immunofluorescent studies have been performed on young C58/J mice following administration of cyclophosphamide and peripheral inoculation of the C strain of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV-C). Using special fixation techniques, all three types of studies were performed on the spinal cord tissues obtained from the same mice. LDV-C infection-specific immunofluorescence was detected in anterior horn neurons. Ultrastructurally, anterior horn neurons during the acute inflammatory phase of the disease were characterized by various degrees of chromatolysis, an increase in the number of lamellar inclusion bodies, and extensive membrane proliferation of perinuclear endocytoplasmic reticulum. A chronic vacuolar appearance of the anterior horn was due to intraneuronal vacuolation as well as vacuolation of the neuropil; these changes may have been due to expansion of proliferated intracytoplasmic membranes and/or focal ischemia secondary to the acute inflammatory response. Direct evidence was obtained that indicated the cytopathology was not immune mediated in that highly poliomyelitis-susceptible 18-month-old C58/J mice developed severe paralysis without inflammation of the spinal cord when treated with cyclophosphamide before infection.
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PMID:Ultrastructural and immunofluorescent studies of acute and chronic lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus-induced nonparalytic poliomyelitis in mice. 388 72

Axillary crutches may injure the axillary artery. A 65-year-old woman with a leg length discrepancy of 30 cm subsequent to childhood poliomyelitis was seen for subacute ischemia of the right upper limb. Axillary aneurysm with thrombosis due to chronic use of axillary crutches was diagnosed after clinical examinations and surgery. Resection-graft of the aneurysm and thrombectomy was performed and restored patency. Axillary crutches may cause arterial stenosis or aneurysms. Aneurysms may be complicated by acute thrombosis, chronic or acute distal embolization, or axillary mass formation. Besides not using axillary crutches, surgical treatment of crutch-induced axillary aneurysm must be performed before sometimes definitive sequelae develop.
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PMID:[Aneurysm and axillary crutches]. 1207 Aug 40

A 57-year-old man, who was a chronic axillary crutch user as a result of childhood poliomyelitis, was referred to our hospital because of a sudden onset of right forearm ischemia. The right forearm had no pulse, and three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) showed an aneurysm of the right brachial artery associated with arterial occlusion. The thrombosed aneurysm of the brachial artery was resected and the brachial artery was successfully revascularized by interposing a saphenous vein graft. Postoperative 3DCT revealed an asymptomatic left brachial artery aneurysm. His postoperative course was uneventful under warfarin anticoagulation therapy.
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PMID:Crutch-induced bilateral brachial artery aneurysms. 1978 46

Acute nontraumatic myelopathies of childhood include inflammatory, infectious, and vascular etiologies. Inflammatory immune-mediated disorders of the spinal cord can be categorized as idiopathic isolated transverse myelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis. In recent years, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, West Nile virus, enterovirus-71, and Lyme disease have been increasingly recognized as infectious etiologies of myelopathy, and poliomyelitis remains an important etiology in world regions where vaccination programs have not been universally available. Vascular etiologies include vasculopathies (systemic lupus erythematosus, small vessel primary angiitis of the central nervous system), arteriovenous malformations, and spinal cord infarction (fibrocartilaginous embolism, diffuse hypoxic ischemia-mediated infarction). Vascular myelopathies are less common than inflammatory and infectious myelopathies, but are more likely to lead to devastating clinical deficits. Current therapeutic strategies include acute anti-inflammatory treatment and rehabilitation. Stem cell transplantation, nerve graft implantation, and stimulation of endogenous repair mechanisms represent promising strategies for spinal cord repair.
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PMID:Inflammatory, vascular, and infectious myelopathies in children. 2362 8

The immunocompromised cutaneous district (ICD) is a novel pathogenic concept that refers to the occurrence of opportunistic skin disorders (such as infections, malignancies, and immune diseases) at a cutaneous site previously marked by a damaging event, usually involving the local lymph network or peripheral sensory nerves. In addition to herpetic infections, which are notoriously harmful for sensory nerve fibers and therefore already included among the potential causes of ICD, there are a large and variegate group of further neurologic diseases, both peripheral (carpal tunnel syndrome, facial nerve palsy, and trigeminal trophic syndrome) and central (poliomyelitis and brain stroke), which may be added to the wide and expanding spectrum of injuring events resulting in an ICD. The neural compartment of skin immunity plays a key role in immune homeostasis, and this assertion is confirmed by the fact that any neurologic injury, whatever the origin (peripheral or central) or the cause (infection, trauma, ischemia), can give rise to immune destabilization of the innervated area, which becomes a site prone to the occurrence of opportunistic skin disorders. A neural-driven process may be responsible for the cutaneous immune dysregulation ensuing from some neurologic diseases.
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PMID:Segmental immune disorders resulting from neurologic injuries. 2516 Jan 4

Prior to the 20(th) century, the need for surgical procedures on the airway was infrequent and consisted mainly of tracheostomy to relieve airway obstruction or repair of tracheal injuries such as lacerations. Even the ability of tracheal suture lines to heal primarily was viewed with concern due to the rigidity of the tracheal wall, its precarious blood supply and uncertainty as to whether the cartilage components could heal without complications. In the 20(th) century the evolution of tracheal procedures on major airways evolved to meet the challenges provided by the expanding fields of thoracic surgery and advent of mechanical respiratory support with its associated complications. In the first half of the century lobar and lung resections done for tuberculosis and lung cancer required methods for safe closure of the resulting bronchial stumps and end-to-end bronchial anastomosis in the case of sleeve resections of the lung. Beginning in mid-century the advent of respiratory care units for the treatment of polio and for the expanding fields of thoracic and cardiac surgery resulted in a significant number of post-intubation tracheal stenosis requiring resection and primary repair. In the last 20 years of the century the development of lung transplantation with its requirement for successful bronchial anastomoses between the donor and recipient bronchi, created unique challenges including ischemia of the donor bronchus the adverse effects of immunosuppression, donor lung preservation and diagnosis and management of post-transplant infection and rejection.
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PMID:Surgery of the airway: historic notes. 2698 Dec 61