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Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy developed extensive retinal arteriolar and capillary obstruction. Ophthalmoscopy showed many white, thread-like retinal arterioles associated with capillary and venous dilatation. Widespread retinal arteriolar and capillary nonperfusion was demonstrated by fluorescein angiography. Ischemic maculopathy resulted in severe loss of visual acuity in some eyes. The severe degree of retinal ischemia was accompanied by optic disc pallor and neovascularization and a high incidence of rubeosis iridis with neovascular glaucoma. Patients with this variety of diabetic retinopathy have a poor prognosis of retaining useful vision.
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PMID:Retinal ischemia in diabetic retinopathy. 120 Aug 95

The authors present a case of severe retinal ischemia associated with Dibekacin intraocular injection. This aminoglycoside was used, at an inadvertent dose, for the treatment of a postoperative endophthalmitis. The prominent finding at ocular ophthalmoscopy was oedematous retina with hemorrhages in the macular area. Fluorescein angiography revealed severe retinal vascular non perfusion. The eye subsequently developed neovascular glaucoma. Precautions are necessary to prevent such a catastrophic event; the injectable solution must be prepared on the surgical field, the injection should be performed slowly in the anterior vitreous without exceeding 0.2 mg when Gentamicin is used.
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PMID:[Retinal toxicity caused by intravitreous injection of an aminoglycoside. Apropos of a case]. 179 Dec 80

We describe five eyes of five patients that developed an exudative retinal detachment following a central retinal vein occlusion (including one eye with a hemicentral [hemispheric] retinal vein occlusion). The time interval between the occurrence of the vein occlusion and the appearance of the retinal detachment ranged from 7 to 36 weeks in the four cases seen in the acute period. Each detachment involved the posterior retina and was associated with the development of marked retinal ischemia. Neovascular glaucoma occurred in two cases. The subretinal fluid completely or partially resorbed in the four eyes that were treated with retinal photocoagulation, but the final visual acuity was poor in all cases. Exudative retinal detachment is a potential complication of central retinal vein occlusion and in this series was associated with a poor visual prognosis.
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PMID:Exudative retinal detachment following central and hemicentral retinal vein occlusions. 230 14

Carotid artery obstructive disease, although infrequently diagnosed as a primary or contributing cause of neovascular glaucoma, can produce distinctive characteristics. Decreased perfusion of the ciliary body may decrease aqueous humor production. As a result, such eyes with neovascular glaucoma may occasionally be normotensive or even hypotensive. Fluorescein angiography may show an increased arm-to-retina time and leakage from the major retinal arterioles. Panretinal photocoagulation may not eliminate the anterior segment neovascularization because of anterior segment ischemia. Endarterectomy can significantly increase intraocular pressure as perfusion to the ciliary body returns to normal. These characteristics were found in two patients, a 67-year-old woman and a 49-year-old man, with diabetes and hypertension. In both cases cyclocryotherapy significantly reduced the intraocular pressure and the rubeosis iridis regressed.
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PMID:Neovascular glaucoma and carotid artery obstructive disease. 240 76

Iris neovascularization and neovascular glaucoma were diagnosed in three diabetic patients following neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. Each of the patients had previously undergone an uncomplicated extracapsular cataract extraction with insertion of a posterior chamber lens implant. These occurrences are consistent with the hypothesis that the posterior lens capsule may serve as a protective barrier to a diffusible vasoproliferative factor from the vitreous or retina. Both the beneficial optical effects and the potential adverse effects should be carefully considered prior to performing neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in diabetic patients or other patients with ischemia in the fundus. Following neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, these eyes should be closely followed up for signs of neovascularization and possible panretinal photocoagulation.
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PMID:Neovascular glaucoma following neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. 242 63

A child with the Wyburn-Mason syndrome developed neovascular glaucoma in association with changes in the retinal arteriovenous malformation and signs of retinal and choroidal ischemia.
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PMID:Neovascular glaucoma as a complication of the Wyburn-Mason syndrome. 243 92

Severe occlusive disease of the carotid artery may produce a rare syndrome of chronic ocular ischemia. Prolonged retinal hypoxia is associated with characteristic funduscopic changes and neovascularization of the iris, with subsequent obstruction of aqueous humor resorption. A case of neovascular glaucoma as a result of severe bilateral carotid occlusive disease and the pathophysiology involved are discussed. Definitive treatment consisted of carotid endarterectomy and aggressive control of intraocular pressure, including operative placement of a drainage implant in the anterior chamber of the eye. Seizure activity and an exacerbation of glaucoma developed after successful revascularization, exemplifying the derangements in cerebral and ocular function that may result from chronic hypoperfusion.
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PMID:Chronic ocular ischemia and neovascular glaucoma: a result of extracranial carotid artery disease. 318 12

After retinal detachment operations 1-5% of the patients develop glaucoma. If this occurs directly after the operation it is the result of mechanical narrowing of the chamber angle. This can be the result of indentation due to an exoplant or encircling band causing forward displacement of the lens/iris diaphragm. Other causes are torsion of the ciliary body or a ciliary block due to serous detachment of the choroid caused by venous compression or diathermy. Ischaemia of the anterior segment sometimes leads to glaucoma in the long run; this is then the result of rubeosis iridis. Conducive factors are detachment of the recti muscles, arterial and venous compression by the exoplant or encircling band and the use of diathermy. When performing such operations it is advisable to take these risks into account and to keep a check on the intraocular pressure after the operation. A patient is described who, as the result of ischaemia, eventually developed ribeosis iridis with neovascular glaucoma, leading to loss of the eye.
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PMID:Glaucoma following retinal detachment operations. 342 98

Two patients with neovascular glaucoma presented an obstruction in the internal carotid artery and reverse flow of blood through the ophthalmic artery, a so-called ophthalmic artery steal phenomenon, on digital subtraction angiography. To study the cerebral metabolic state maintained by this mechanism, the same patients underwent positron emission tomography. Both displayed decreased regional cerebral blood flow, reduced regional cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen and for glucose and increased regional oxygen and glucose extraction ratios. In our patients with chronic ocular ischemia, the cerebral perfusion maintained by the ophthalmic artery steal phenomenon was in the critical state called misery perfusion.
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PMID:Cerebral metabolism in chronic ocular ischemia. 350 Oct 93

We present preliminary findings on the effectiveness of panretinal photocoagulation in preventing neovascular glaucoma in eyes with radiation-induced ocular ischemia. Our study group consisted of 20 patients who developed radiation-induced ocular ischemia following cobalt-60 plaque radiotherapy for a choroidal or ciliary body melanoma. Eleven of the 20 patients were treated by panretinal photocoagulation shortly after the diagnosis of ocular ischemia, but nine patients were left untreated. In this non-randomized study, the rate of development of neovascular glaucoma was significantly lower (p = 0.024) for the 11 photocoagulated patients than for the nine who were left untreated.
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PMID:Panretinal photocoagulation for radiation-induced ocular ischemia. 365 14


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