Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of the work showed the importance of developing methods for the prevention of ischemic damage to the bronchi and optimal methods for reinforcement of the bronchial suture in lung transplantation. Ischemia may be an important pathogenetic factor of incompetence of the bronchial suture in lung transplantation and may also facilitate disturbance of the transplant's mucociliary clearance with the development of postoperative atelectases, dystelectases, and bronchopneumonia. These data are based on the results of experiments obtained in mongrel dogs by electron microscopy. Prolonged ischemia of the lung (120-180 min) led to mass death of cells of the bronchial endothelium, their rejection from the basement membrane, and desquamation into the bronchial lumen.
 ...
PMID:[Problems of lung transplantation. The state of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tree in acute ischemia of the lung]. 201 70

Blunt injuries to the abdominal aorta with initial survival are rare. Two cases of blunt aortic occlusion are reported: one with acute abdominal symptoms and leg ischemia and one with delayed intermittent claudication. The first patient died 9 days postinjury with possible sepsis and bronchopneumonia. The second presented with delayed symptoms 9 years postinjury: fibrous thickening of the intima, a dense, fibrous band around the aorta and left renal vein. After a Dacron graft from the descending thoracic aorta to the external iliac arteries the patient recovered and is employed full time.
 ...
PMID:Aortic occlusion following blunt trauma of the abdomen. 721 99

An experience of surgical non-thoracic emergencies in patients admitted for chronic lung disease is herein presented. Fifty-four patients out of 10457 admitted in the four Departments of Pneumology of the Binaghi Hospital (Cagliari) between 1-1-1985 and 31-3-1993, were referred to our Department of General Surgery due to non-thoracic surgical emergencies. There was a considerable delay in the referral (only 25% of patients within 12 hours from the onset of symptoms): indeed predominant respiratory symptoms, hypoxia and hypercapnia made these patients no responsive to symptoms of surgical emergency. Surgical emergencies in causal correlation with respiratory disease (intestinal occlusion due to abdominal metastases of lung carcinoma, complicated peptic ulcer) had the worst prognosis (mortality: 52.9%). Those in chance connection, such as acute limb ischemia and preexisting abdominal disease, had a less adverse outcome. Mortality, however, was 37.5%: this datum outlines the role of chronic lung disease in defining operative risk. The authors call attention to three groups of observed patients: 1) three patients were operated on for intestinal occlusion due to unrecognized abdominal neoplasia, that showed itself in the course of hospitalization in the Department of Pneumology for lung metastases; 2) in 3 cases symptoms and signs of acute abdomen were observed without abdominal disease. The cause of acute pseudoabdomen was diaphragmatic pleural or basal pulmonary inflammation; 3) the eight patients with pulmonary embolism were all admitted in the Department of Pneumology with a wrong diagnosis of bronchopneumonia.
 ...
PMID:[Extrathoracic surgical emergencies in hospitalized patients with bronchopulmonary diseases. Analysis of the operative risk]. 780 66

Aneurysms of the entire thoracic aorta are usually approached in two to three stages. From 1990 to 1994, we performed one-stage aortic replacement from the root to the diaphragm in 16 patients (8 men and 8 women with a mean age of 55.7 years, range 49 to 73). There were 11 type A dissections, 7 of which were acute. Six patients underwent aortic valve reconstruction; seven had aortic root replacement by Bentall or Cabrol techniques. In two cases, the innominate artery had to be replaced by a vascular graft separately in addition to reimplantation of the supraaortic branches as an island flap into the arch prosthesis. In eight cases, a median sternotomy was used; eight had a bilateral transverse thoracotomy. The procedure was performed under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in all cases (mean duration 50.5 min, range 38 to 62 min). Two patients, both operated upon for an acute dissection, expired perioperatively: one due to a bronchopneumonia, and one because of a thrombosed Cabrol graft to the right coronary artery. No patient developed bleeding or neurological complications. At a mean follow-up of 26.9 months (1 to 50 months), all patients discharged from the hospital were still alive. Four patients underwent subsequent thoracoabdominal aortic replacement. This experience suggests that complete thoracic aortic replacement can be performed in a single session with an operative risk comparable to that of the conventional two-stage approach. The bilateral transverse thoracotomy affords excellent exposure. The lack of spinal cord ischemia may be the result of spinal cord protection with hypothermic circulatory arrest and use of the open-clamp technique.
 ...
PMID:One-stage intrathoracic repair of extended aortic aneurysms. 799 2

Aneurysms of the entire thoracic aorta are usually approached in two to three stages. From 1990 to 1992, we performed one-stage aortic replacement from the root to the diaphragm in 12 patients (7 men, 5 women; median age, 51 years; range, 49 to 73 years). There were 9 type A dissections, 5 of which were acute. Five patients underwent aortic valve reconstruction, and 5 had aortic root replacement by Bentall or Cabrol techniques. In 2 patients the innominate artery had to be replaced by a vascular graft separately, in addition to reimplantation of the supraaortic branches as an island flap into the arch prosthesis. In 5 patients a mid-sternotomy was used; in 7 a bilateral transverse thoracotomy. The procedure was performed under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in all cases (median, 45 minutes). Two patients, both operated on for an acute dissection, died perioperatively: 1 due to a bronchopneumonia, 1 because of a thrombosed Cabrol graft to the right coronary artery. No bleeding or neurologic complications developed. At a median follow-up of 14 months (range, 1 to 33 months), all patients discharged from the hospital were still alive. Four patients underwent subsequent thoracoabdominal aortic replacement. This experience suggests that complete thoracic aortic replacement can be performed in a single session, with an operative risk comparable with that of the conventional two-stage approach. The bilateral transverse thoracotomy affords an excellent exposure. The lack of spinal cord ischemia may be the result of spinal cord protection with hypothermic circulatory arrest and the open clamp technique.
 ...
PMID:Replacement of the entire thoracic aorta in a single stage. 816 30

Postoperative pain can intensify the sympathoadrenergic reaction, which is commonly seen after surgery, and thus possibly pave the way for certain complications, such as coronary ischemia, bronchopneumonia, intestinal stasis, thromboembolism, infection, sepsis, and metabolic disturbances. Investigations of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, metabolic, and immunologic function indicate that high-quality pain relief can diminish postoperative organ impairment and failure. Some aspects of the improvements attributed to the quality of analgesia, such as prevention of tachycardia and hypertension, attenuation of hyperglycemia and catabolism, improvement of gastrointestinal motility and cellular immunity cannot be definitely distinguished from the effects of sympathetic blockade due to epidural analgesia with local anesthetics, however. There is another aspect of the problem. The better the quality of postoperative pain relief, the more likely it is that analgesia-related complications, such as respiratory depression (opioids), cardiovascular depression (epidural local anesthetics), renal failure (NSAIDs) and bladder dysfunction (epidural opioids and local anesthetics) will occur. The question of whether postoperative morbidity and mortality can be reduced by effective analgesia has been investigated in the past few years. Some studies indicate that better analgesia is advantageous for the patient, especially with respect to postoperative complications, hospital stay, long-term well being, and costs. In other clinical trials incorporating more patients, however, this hypothesis had to be rejected. At present, therefore, we cannot state that effective pain relief influences postoperative morbidity and mortality.
 ...
PMID:[Influence of postoperative pain on morbidity and mortality.]. 1841 28