Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022116 (ischemia)
 91,303 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Standard methods of echocardiographic analysis permit accurate categorization of cardiomyopathies into dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive types. However, ascertainment of the cause of a particular cardiomyopathy (e.g., ischemia versus inflammation as the cause of a dilated myopathy) with ultrasound would be greatly facilitated by analysis of myocardial composition with ultrasound tissue characterization techniques. Qualitative observations have identified unusual echocardiographic image texture in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and in amyloidosis. Quantitative observations have verified these findings and have identified increased ultrasound backscatter in regions of myocardial fibrosis, calcification, and anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. Although several technical problems remain unsolved and further research is needed in the mechanisms of normal and abnormal ultrasound/tissue interactions, tissue characterization with ultrasound has the potential to contribute independent information on myocardial composition in patients with cardiomyopathy.
 ...
PMID:Clinical potential of ultrasound tissue characterization in cardiomyopathies. 307 43

A total of 512 colectomy and endoscopic biopsy specimens were reviewed to define the prevalence and possibly the significance of dystrophic goblet cells (DGCs) in neoplastic and nonneoplastic colonic diseases. As compared with an incidence of 1% in disease-free specimens, DGCs were observed in 38% of cases of inflammatory bowel disease, 23% of colonic malignancies, 30% of nonneoplastic polyps, 22% of adenomas, and 8% of cases showing acute self-limited colitis. In contrast, no dystrophic cells were seen in a group of miscellaneous diseases including diverticulitis, diverticulosis, abscesses, fistulas, ischemia, pseudomembranous colitis, melanosis coli, amyloidosis, shock, and mechanical trauma. Although dystrophic cells occur in association with dysplasia and carcinoma, their presence in nonpremalignant lesions, including acute self-limited colitis, raises doubt as to their diagnostic significance. Histochemical studies of the mucin composition in DGCs were unrevealing, failing to show any differences between DGCs and their morphologically normal counterparts in the same region of the colon.
 ...
PMID:The incidence and carbohydrate histochemistry of dystrophic goblet cells in colon. 323 12

A case of systemic amyloidosis associated with bronchiectasis is presented. At necropsy, contracted kidneys and centrilobular necrosis of the liver were observed. Systemic blood vessels had heavy deposition of amyloid, and the possibility of visceral ischemia and the development of contracted kidneys due to amyloid vascular disease as a pathogenetic relationship, was discussed against the background of a review of the literature.
 ...
PMID:Amyloid vascular disease and contracted kidneys--report of a case with review of literature. 651 15

Amyloidosis not infrequently involves the gastrointestinal tract and may result in a variety of symptoms, including those related to impaired motility, malabsorption, and ulceration due to ischemia. This report describes the case of a 74-year-old man with systemic amyloidosis secondary to multiple myeloma, with striking gross morphologic findings involving the colon, seen at autopsy, resembling severe inflammatory bowel disease. Microscopically, the small arterioles of the lamina propria were markedly narrowed or occluded by massive deposition of amyloid, presumably leading to diffuse ischemia and mucosal necrosis. Although the radiologic appearance of this condition has been well recognized, and ischemia due to amyloidosis has been described, this case is presented to demonstrate the gross anatomic changes not illustrated in previous reviews of the subject.
 ...
PMID:Amyloid colitis. 712 79

Tenascin (TN), a large oligomeric glycoprotein, is a recently described component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Previous reports focusing largely on the role of TN in nephrogenesis have documented the strong expression of TN in embryonic kidney tissue and implied an important role for TN in nephrogenesis. However, the expression of TN in normal and pathologic kidneys in adults has not been systematically evaluated. In this study immunohistochemical staining for TN was applied to 184 renal specimens diagnosed as: normal kidney (23 cases); minimal change disease and its variants (8); mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN) including IgA nephropathy and mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis (9); endocapillary proliferative GN including membranoproliferative GN, lupus nephritis, and post-infectious GN (25); crescentic GN (11); membranous GN (19); focal segmental sclerosis (15); thrombotic microangiopathy (8); amyloidosis (5); diabetic nephropathy (9); primary tubulointerstitial nephritis (14); transplant rejection (14); and ischemia (24). It was found that: (a) there was unequivocal global diffuse staining limited to the mesangium in normal kidney; (b) regardless of the etiologies and the morphologic types of glomerular disease, whenever there was expansion of the ECM, whether in the mesangial, endocapillary, or extracapillary spaces, there was a concomitant and proportional in situ increase in the TN staining; (c) globally sclerotic glomeruli, regardless of causes, showed diffuse, strong staining, especially in the subcapsular fibrous deposition seen in ischemic sclerosis; (d) non-sclerotic glomeruli showing early ischemic change uniformly displayed a marked decrease or complete loss of staining; (e) in cases of thrombotic microangiopathy, there was segmental or global staining of the capillary wall, probably corresponding to the enlarged lamina rara interna; (f) all nodular lesions in diabetic glomerulosclerosis showed strong staining, but in several of them this staining was much more pronounced in the periphery than in the center of the lesion. Our study proves that TN is probably a component of the normal mesangial matrix, that TN is an ubiquitous component of the expanded glomerular ECM in pathologic conditions regardless of morphologic subtypes, and that further studies on the cell types and mechanisms responsible for TN synthesis may provide a new venue for the understanding of the process of glomerular sclerosis.
 ...
PMID:Tenascin is an important component of the glomerular extracellular matrix in normal and pathologic conditions. 751 Mar 49

Amyloidosis is a well known complication of Multiple Myeloma. Although involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is common in patients with Amyloid, severe symptoms are no frequent, nevertheless vascular deposits may produce gastrointestinal ischemia and bleeding and perforation. Injured mucosae of the intestinal well may produce malabsorption and the neuromuscular infiltration determine alterations of gastrointestinal motility. Although renal and cardiac disfunction is the most frequently cause of death in these patients, intestinal pseudo-obstruction bears a serious prognosis. We present a case of a patients who was operated because of a presumptive diagnosis of intestinal obstruction, which small bowel was infiltrated with Amyloid and which bone marrow demonstrated multiple myeloma.
 ...
PMID:[Amyloid intestinal pseudo-obstruction as initial manifestation of IgA multiple myeloma]. 754 45

We present the case of a 61-year-old man on long-term hemodialysis in whom early colonic ischemia and pseudo- obstruction were caused by amyloid deposition of both the beta 2-microglobulin and AA type. The light microscopic diagnosis of amyloidosis was confirmed by Congo red birefringence, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. The two types of amyloid had separate distributions within the colon. While both types affected submucosal and serosal blood vessels, the beta 2- microglobulin amyloid also formed large masses that displaced smooth muscle cells and was associated with Class II major histocompatibility-positive multinucleated giant cells. The pathogenesis of this uncommon occurrence of two amyloids and the role of chronic inflammation in amyloidogenesis are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Intestinal pseudo-obstruction and ischemia secondary to both beta 2-microglobulin and serum A amyloid deposition. 767 80

The medical problems presented by an 83-yr-old man with hepatic amyloidosis complicated by massive ascites and a right hydrothorax are described. As a result of right atrial compression limiting right heart filling, the patient simultaneously experienced left-sided hypovolemia with renal and hepatic ischemia while manifesting signs of right-sided congestive failure. Only with a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure, which eliminated the right atrial compression with resolution of the hydrothorax and ascites, was it possible to improve the other medical condition of this man.
 ...
PMID:Simultaneous right-sided volume overload and left-sided hypovolemia in a man with massive ascites and a hydrothorax. 787 90

Congestive heart failure represents the most common medical hospital discharge diagnosis, and can occur in patients with preserved indexes of left ventricular systolic function, even in absence of patent coronary or valvular heart disease. The present review examines the role of imaging techniques in the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients. Imaging of the heart has undergone dramatic advances with the development and refinement of new imaging modalities such as echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance and radionuclide emission tomography. The role of "low-tech" modalities such as chest roentgenogram is discussed. The possibilities offered by ultrasounds or magnetic resonance in tissue characterization are then compared with the actual capability of cardiac imaging in detecting myocardial tissue alterations (oedema, ischemia, myocarditis, etc.) and/or degeneration (fatty degeneration, fibrosis, amyloidosis, etc.). Finally, the potential use in modern clinical medicine of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography to study myocardial metabolism and cellular function are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[The remodelling of the heart in heart failure: from thoracic radiography to magnetic resonance]. 849 59

A case of intestinal pseudo-obstruction by amyloidosis, occurring after 20 years of dialysis in a 72-year-old woman is reported. Although acute intestinal complications of intestinal amyloidosis, such as ischemia, colonic obstruction or haemorrhage are well known, colonic pseudo-obstruction is more unusual. It gradually results in, it carries out an intestinal obstruction with colonic and gastric distension. The diffuse topography of amyloid deposits throughout the gastrointestinal tract carries a poor prognosis and surgery cannot be curative.
 ...
PMID:[Colonic pseudo-obstruction caused by digestive amyloidosis in a chronic hemodialyzed patient. Apropos of a case]. 876 31


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>