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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study compared the characteristics of patients with symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome who had either consulted or not consulted a general practitioner in the preceding two years. The subjects were identified by questionnaire in a community survey of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms and samples of 24 consulting and 24 non-consulting patients were interviewed. The groups were well matched for demographic characteristics, although those who consulted for irritable bowel syndrome also consulted more frequently for other problems. The only significant differences in the pattern, frequency and severity of a range of symptoms, which included the Manning criteria, were that more of the consulting patients experienced visible abdominal distension and had a higher mean score for severity of pain than the non-consulters. Mean negative life event scores and anxiety and depression scores were higher in the group who consulted and more of these patients were concerned about the possible serious nature of their symptoms, including fear of cancer, emphasizing the importance of eliciting patients' beliefs and anxieties about the meaning of their symptoms.
Br J Gen Pract 1992 Nov
PMID:Reasons for consultation in irritable bowel syndrome: symptoms and patient characteristics. 147 91

1. The evidence reviewed here indicates that pinaverium bromide (Dicetel) relaxes gastrointestinal (GI) structures primarily by inhibiting Ca2+ influx through potential-dependent channels of surface membranes of smooth muscle cells. 2. The in vivo selectivity of pinaverium bromide for the GI tract appears to be due mainly to its pharmacokinetic properties. Because of its low absorption (typical for quaternary ammonium compounds) and marked hepatobiliary excretion, most of the orally-administered dose of pinaverium bromide remains in the GI tract. 3. Orally-administered pinaverium bromide does not elicit adverse cardiovascular side-effects at doses that effectively relieve GI spasm, pain, transit disturbances and other symptoms related to motility disorders. 4. Pinaverium bromide is the only Ca2(+)-antagonist with known therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and certain other functional intestinal disorders.
Gen Pharmacol 1990
PMID:Action of pinaverium bromide, a calcium-antagonist, on gastrointestinal motility disorders. 217 9

Mild mitral valve prolapse, hypoglycemia, irritable colon, and premenstrual syndrome are examples of anatomico-physiologic phenomena that largely overlap with normal. Such "overlap syndromes" become labeled disease entities by the medical community through a process called medicalization. This report uses mitral valve prolapse (MVP) to exemplify the effects of medicalization on patients, physicians, and society. Ascertainment bias and insufficient controlled clinical studies have led to the description of a clinical entity replete with false associations (e.g., mitral valve prolapse syndrome) and overly pessimistic prognostication (e.g., risk of sudden death or endocarditis), leading to clinical overreaction, overtreatment, and unnecessary induction of disability. Though some physical complications may be prevented by recognizing severe MVP, there is substantial risk of iatrogenic harm by attributing complex symptoms and illness behavior to mild MVP, which is probably a normal variant. A three-dimensional analysis of illness experience is presented that may be of use in conceptualizing the clinical approach to overlap syndromes such as mild MVP. Conservative criteria for the diagnosis of significant MVP have been developed at the National Institutes of Health. Treatment of patients with mild MVP must emphasize that it is a normal variant without serious consequences. Because the risks of overmedicalization are so substantial, the impact of diagnostic labels on individual patients and society must be analyzed continually.
J Gen Intern Med
PMID:The medicalization of normal variants: the case of mitral valve prolapse. 337 94

The behavior analysis and treatment of a patient with chronic irritable bowel syndrome are presented. The usefulness of this approach in a patient with a poor treatment prognosis is discussed.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1981 Mar
PMID:Behavior therapy for irritable bowel syndrome. A case report. 721 95

A series of 70 consecutive patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were interviewed concerning their family history of psychiatric disorders. A series of 60 consecutive patients with major depression (MDE) were also interviewed, as were a control group of 46 relatives of patients with organic brain disease. The results showed that both IBS and MDE groups had a similar, higher prevalence of relatives with psychiatric illness than controls, and that this was due to a higher prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorder in the relatives. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1995 Jan
PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome and family history of psychiatric disorder: a preliminary study. 773 95

Although prior theories about psychiatric disorders causing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have largely been discredited, these same disorders have at times been associated with functional gastrointestinal symptoms such as those found in irritable bowel syndrome. Since functional gastrointestinal symptoms can also occur in patients with organic pathology, we hypothesized that a current psychiatric disorder might amplify or produce additional gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with organic gastrointestinal diseases such as IBD, leading to additive functional disability and decreased quality of life. This pilot study evaluated a sequential sample of 40 IBD patients using the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule, structured interviews for functional gastrointestinal symptoms, and prior episodes of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse as well as self-report measures of personality and disability. We compared IBD patients with and without a current psychiatric disorder while controlling for disease severity. Eight patients with major depression were treated with antidepressants. Patients with a current psychiatric disorder had significantly higher 1) mean number of lifetime psychiatric diagnoses, 2) prevalence rates of prior sexual and physical victimization, and, 3) mean numbers of both gastrointestinal and other medically unexplained symptoms despite no differences in severity of IBD. Significant and trend level differences were apparent on several measures of functional disability. A regression analysis showed that number of psychiatric diagnoses, number of functional gastrointestinal symptoms, and dissociation scale scores significantly discriminated the groups. Treatment of current major depression decreased functional disability despite no objective changes in gastrointestinal disease severity. It was concluded that the presence of a current psychiatric disorder appears to alter the perception of disease severity in patients with IBD. Nonrecognition of the psychiatric disorder may lead to unnecessary and aggressive interventions for IBD patients such as medication changes, invasive testing, or surgery. The presence of a current psychiatric illness also appears to be associated with increased functional disability. Psychiatric evaluation and treatment, therefore, have an important role in the ongoing management of IBD patients with distressing gastrointestinal symptoms not directly attributable to their IBD.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1996 Jul
PMID:The relationship of current psychiatric disorder to functional disability and distress in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. 883 53

A series of 48 new patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were asked to complete an Eating Attitudes Test. The same test was given to a series of 32 patients attending an Eating Disorder clinic, a series of 31 patients attending a gastroenterology outpatient clinic with a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and to a group of 28 'normal' controls. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the IBD group and control groups for EAT score. The EAT score for the group with eating disorders was significantly higher than for all other groups. The EAT score for the IBS group was greater than those for the IBD and control group (p = 0.05) when all four groups were compared using analysis of variance and the Least Significant Difference test.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1997 Jan
PMID:Eating attitudes and the irritable bowel syndrome. 903 14

The association between the use of passive coping strategies to deal with pain and reported levels of anxiety, depression, and parental reinforcement of illness behavior was examined in individuals with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Individuals with IBS and IBD recruited primarily from outpatient clinics completed questionnaire measures of pain-coping (the Vanderbilt Pain Management Inventory, VPMI) as well as measures of anxiety and depression, parental reinforcement of illness behavior and physical symptoms. Factor analysis of the passive coping sub-scale of the VPMI indicated that it was comprised of two components corresponding to emotional and behavioral facets of passive coping. Higher levels of behavioral passive coping were associated with higher levels of parental reinforcement of illness behavior and higher levels of depression, but only amongst individuals with IBS. In contrast emotional passive coping was associated in both groups with higher levels of anxiety and depression (but not illness-related social learning). Different factors predict the use of emotional and behavioral passive coping strategies in IBS and IBD. It is suggested that illness-related social learning occurring during childhood influences the development of habitual illness behaviors and that, because of the more benign nature of symptoms in IBS, individuals with IBS may be more likely than individuals with IBD to revert to such habitual behaviors to cope with symptoms. The degree to which the emotional component of passive coping, associated with psychological distress in both groups, can be considered in terms of 'coping strategies', rather than markers of illness-related distress, is discussed.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry
PMID:Social learning, affective state and passive coping in irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. 1475 3

Short-term duodenal administration of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich seal oil may improve gastrointestinal complaints in patients with subjective food hypersensitivity, as well as joint pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the present explorative pilot study was to investigate whether 10-day open treatment with seal oil, 10 mL self-administrated via a nasoduodenal tube 3 times daily, could also benefit nongastrointestinal complaints and quality of life (QoL) in patients with subjective food hypersensitivity. Twenty-six patients with subjective food hypersensitivity, of whom 25 had irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), were included in the present study. Before and after treatment and 1 month posttreatment, patients filled in the Ulcer Esophagitis Subjective Symptoms Scale (UESS) and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) for gastrointestinal symptoms and subjective health complaints (SHC) inventory for nongastrointestinal symptoms in addition to short form of the Nepean dyspepsia index (SF-NDI) for evaluation of QoL. Compared with baseline, gastrointestinal, as well as nongastrointestinal, complaints and QoL improved significantly, both at end of treatment and 1 month posttreatment. The consistent improvements following seal oil administration warrant further placebo-controlled trials for confirmation of effect.
Int J Gen Med 2010 Dec 06
PMID:Duodenal administered seal oil for patients with subjective food hypersensitivity: an explorative open pilot study. 2118 36

A patient with pancreatic carcinoma diagnosed in 2005 suffered from chronic abdominal pain 6 years later that did not respond to conventional pain treatment according to guidelines. Furthermore, several complementary medical approaches remained ineffective. In the long run, only an Iberis amara drug combination relieved pain sufficiently. The drug is registered in Germany for the indications irritable bowel syndrome and dyspepsia. The multi-target approach of this combination drug may account for the effectiveness under these fundamentally different pathophysiological conditions. No serious undesired effects have been described in the use of this drug for other indications and none were observed in this case.
Int J Gen Med 2012
PMID:Phytotherapy of chronic abdominal pain following pancreatic carcinoma surgery: a single case observation. 2309 14


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