Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography was performed using an ultrasound fiberscope in 20 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension (6 alcoholic patients, 4 patients with hepatitis B surface antigen positive, and 10 cryptogenic patients) and in 10 patients with irritable bowel syndrome as controls. Rectal varices were diagnosed endoscopically when either tortuous or saccular distended veins were seen beneath the mucosa. At rectal endoscopic ultrasonography rectal varices were seen as rounded or oval echo-free structures in the submucosa. Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography also showed perirectal veins outside the rectal wall. Rectal varices were detected by endoscopy in 9 patients and by rectal endoscopic ultrasonography in 17 patients. Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography also detected submucosal veins in 3 of 10 controls. The number and size of submucosal veins seen on rectal endoscopic ultrasonography in patients with portal hypertension were greater than in controls (p < 0.01 for both number and size). The size of perirectal veins was greater in patients than in controls (p < 0.05), although their number was no different (p = NS). A perforating vein communicating between a submucosal and perirectal vein was seen in only one patient. Rectal wall thickness was not different in patients and controls (p = NS). Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography was superior to endoscopy in detecting the presence (85% versus 45%, p < 0.01), and number (p < 0.01) of rectal varices. Our study suggests that rectal endoscopic ultrasonography is useful in detecting changes in rectal and perirectal vasculature in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.
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PMID:Endoscopic ultrasonographic evaluation of the rectum in cirrhotic portal hypertension. 822 84

The clinical benefit of Cyclosporine A (CsA) in IBD is controversial. Drugs including CsA are substrates of the P-glycoprotein-170 (Pgp-170) cell surface pump. Although the mechanism of action of CsA is complex, we determined that Pgp-170 might be expressed differentially between these two diseases. Intra-epithelial, lamina propria and peripheral blood lymphocytes were stained with the antibody MRK-16, which recognizes the surface antigen Pgp-170. Functional activity was assayed using a Rhodamine dye efflux assay (Rh123). RT-PCR was used to detect Pgp-170 mRNA. Overall, less P-gp-170 surface expression was found on UC CD3+ intestinal lymphocytes compared to controls and Crohn's disease. A decrease in Pgp-170 activity was also measured using the Rh123 functional assay. Fewer CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) (which intrinsically have more Pgp-170 function) were also found in UC. Furthermore, UC IEL P-gp expression was under the limit of detection by RT-PCR. Overall, greater and differential expression, function and mRNA for Pgp-170 was found in Crohn's disease compared to the UC and normal tissues analyzed.
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PMID:Differences in P-glycoprotein-170 expression and activity between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. 1043 13