Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The low serum transglutaminase found in various intestinal disorders (celiac disease and IBD) suggested to us to study the serum and mucosal transglutaminase behaviour in an experimental model of small intestine resection in rats to reduce cellular mass and induce enterocyte hyperproliferation in the proximal part left in continuity. Transglutaminase activity in the intestinal mucosa was significantly higher in resected rats than in control and sham operated animals from days 4 (121 +/- 10 v basal 94 +/- 3 mU/g protein, p < 0.01) to 10 (165 +/- 37 mU/g protein, p < 0.05) after surgery; no significant difference was observed at days 12 and 15 (110 +/- 15 and 105 +/- 23 respectively). Both serum alkaline phosphatase activity (partly produced in enterocytes) and serum transglutaminase were significantly lower in resected rats at each time-point beginning at day 6 (208 +/- 34 v 557 +/- 125 UI and 1.55 +/- 0.11 v 3.78 +/- 0.70 mU/ml, p < 0.001 respectively). These data suggest an involvement of transglutaminase in enterocyte proliferation and confirm the association between reduced intestinal mass and low levels of the enzyme in serum.
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PMID:Transglutaminase changes in intestinal mucosa after experimental small bowel resection in the rat. 136 17

Chronic unexplained hypertransaminasemia is an isolated clinical manifestation of celiac disease (CD) and lacks of a clear physiopathological explanation. Since CD and tropical sprue (TS) have similar intestinal functional and histological pattern of injury and that an increased inflammatory response has been reported to occur in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), liver involvement might be expected to occur either in TS or IBS. However, according to author's prior observations, the frequency of hypertransaminasemia is significantly higher in CD than in TS and IBS-diarrhea predominant patients (IBS-D). Thus, based on current knowledge, intestinal mucosal damage, increased intestinal permeability and/or an active intestinal inflammatory response do not completely explain liver damage in CD. We hypothesize that other factors, unique to CD not present in TS or IBS-D, like gluten toxicity and the presence of tissular transglutaminase (tTG) an auto-antigen with pro-inflammatory and remodeling properties, act in addition to intestinal mucosal injury and account to hypertransaminasemia in CD. Further research focusing on the mechanisms of gluten and tTG hepatic toxicity, and/or the characterization of the expression, secretion and enteral-hepatic transport of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines is needed, to understand the possible links between intestinal and liver disorders seen in CD.
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PMID:Intestinal involvement is not sufficient to explain hypertransaminasemia in celiac disease? 1602 89

Acute abdominal pain caused by perforation, intestinal lymphoma or intussusception is an uncommon manifestation in adult celiac disease. We report a 49 year-old female with history of irritable bowel syndrome and osteoporosis consulting for acute abdominal pain and severe abdominal distention. Abdominal CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed a jejunal intussusception and other radiological alterations that suggested the possibility of celiac disease. Serological antibodies (endomysial and transglutaminase antibodies), endoscopy and the pathological study of duodenal biopsies confirmed the diagnosis. With a gluten free diet, the patient remains asymptomatic.
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PMID:[Celiac disease presenting as an intestinal intussusception: report of one case]. 2127 75

A male patient, 55 years old, born in Ayacucho, with Spanish ancestors, was hospitalized through emergency referring abdominal pain, and 10 kilograms weight loss. Six months before he was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome. His previous diseases were rheumatoid arthritis and intolerance to lactose. Laboratory results were: Hb 12 gr./dL, white cells 5200 per mm3, albumin 2.7 gr./dL, erythrocyte sedimentation rate 32 mm/hr., and tumor markers were negative. Radiographic study of the small bowel showed barium fragmentation, and a focal dilation in distal jejunum. Chest X-ray and CT scan of thorax, abdomen and pelvis were normal. Colonoscopy was normal for colonic mucosa, but in ileum it showed an irregular mucosa, little nodules and fewer folds than usual. Biopsy from ileum demonstrated unspecific inflammation. Upper endoscopy showed gastritis, a duodenum scar ulcer and an irregular mosaic pattern pink and white. Duodenum biopsy demonstrated short villi, chronic inflammation and an increase in the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes, all these was consistent with celiac disease Marsh 3. Antibodies anti-endomisium and anti-transglutaminase were positive. After some days he developed signs of bowel obstruction and was operated.
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PMID:[Celiac disease and intestinal obstruction by T cell lymphoma]. 2208 22

Fibromyalgia (FM) syndrome is a disabling clinical condition of unknown cause, and only symptomatic treatment with limited benefit is available. Gluten sensitivity that does not fulfill the diagnostic criteria for celiac disease (CD) is increasingly recognized as a frequent and treatable condition with a wide spectrum of manifestations that overlap with the manifestations of FM, including chronic musculoskeletal pain, asthenia, and irritable bowel syndrome. The aim of this report was to describe 20 selected patients with FM without CD who improved when placed on a gluten-free diet. An anti-transglutaminase assay, duodenal biopsy, and HLA typing were performed in all cases. CD was ruled out by negative anti-transglutaminase assay results and absence of villous atrophy in the duodenal biopsy. All patients had intraepithelial lymphocytosis without villous atrophy. Clinical response was defined as achieving at least one of the following scenarios: remission of FM pain criteria, return to work, return to normal life, or the discontinuation of opioids. The mean follow-up period was 16 months (range 5-31). This observation supports the hypothesis that non-celiac gluten sensitivity may be an underlying cause of FM syndrome.
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PMID:Fibromyalgia and non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a description with remission of fibromyalgia. 2472 27

The present study is to determine the prevalence and implication of coeliac disease (CD) among adult Saudis and compared to those with diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome. This prospective study was conducted among 980 adults. Out of that, 482 subjects (staff and students of Riyadh Health Science College) were designated as control cohorts for undetected coeliac disease. Furthermore, another contingent of 498 subjects diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) at Prince Salman Hospital and Al-Iman General Hospital also constituted a segment of the overall initial 1020 subjects. Both cases and control were tested for serological markers of coeliac disease (tissues transglutaminase (tTGAs) and endomysial autoantibody (EMAs) and were confirmed by histopathology test. All the positive for cases of coeliac disease were screened for iron deficiency anaemia, Vitamin D deficiency, and osteoporosis and weight assessment. The percentage of coeliac disease in control subjects and patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were found to be 1.9% and 9.6% respectively, about 38% of the total coeliac disease patients are among females of middle age (20-39-years) and 16% of the males in the same age range. Whereas, 20% and 25% of all coeliac disease cases with ages of 40-59 were remarked as females and males respectively. The identical nature and overlap of symptoms of the two conditions could possibly result in misdiagnosis of coeliac diseases or over-diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome. The findings of the study might also give considerable implications of the disease in the nutritional level which is noticeable.
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PMID:Screening of coeliac disease in undetected adults and patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 2729 78