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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This review examines the evidence linking dietary fibre to gastrointestinal disease. Fibre increases stool weight, decreases whole gut transit time and lowers colonic intraluminal pressure. While it may be of benefit in the treatment of constipation, the irritable bowel syndrome and diverticular disease, its role in the prevention or treatment of other gastrointestinal disease has yet to be established.
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PMID:Dietary fibre and gastrointestinal disease. 284 Jan 68

The motility of the ileocaecal region of the gut was studied in 10 women with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and bloating and in 8 normal women. Bran labelled with 37 MBq 99mTc was administered after fasting, and a dynamic scan was done after a standard meal 3 h later. Time-activity curves were plotted for the ileum and caecum. In controls, ileal emptying was faster, peak % counts in the caecum were higher, and ileocaecal clearance was greater than in those with IBS. The profound motor dysfunction seen in those with IBS may account for their symptoms, and the "bran scan" could become an important diagnostic aid.
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PMID:Bloated irritable bowel syndrome defined by dynamic 99mTc bran scan. 287 68

To determine the optimum dose of ispaghula husk in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and to assess the correlation, if any between the relief in patients' symptoms and the whole gut transit time, and the increase in stool weight, a two part study was carried out. In part 1, 14 male patients were given ispaghula husk in increasing doses of 10 g, 20 g, and 30 g a day for a duration of 17 days each (14 days of study period + three days of stool collection). Ten patients completed the trial. The symptom score improved significantly with all the three doses of ispaghula. Both 20 g and 30 g doses of ispaghula were superior to the 10 g dose but there was no significant difference between the 20 g and 30 g doses. There was a significant (p less than 0.001) increase in the daily stool weight with 10 g dose of fibre with further significant increases with the 20 g and 30 g doses. A positive correlation was seen between the improvement in the symptom score and the increase in stool weight with the 10 g dose of ispaghula but not with the 20 g and 30 g doses. Whole gut transit time remained fairly constant throughout the study period and there was no relationship with either the dose of ispaghula, the alteration in stool weight, or the improvement in the patients symptoms. Ten patients completed part 2 of the study in which ispaghula husk was given in the same dose (10 g, 20 g, and 30 g) but in a random order and with a "washout" period of one week between individual doses. Again all the three doses of ispaghula produced a significant improvement in the symptoms; 20 g and 30 g doses were equally effective and both were significantly superior to the 10 g dose. Assessed individually, all the three symptoms improved significantly; improvement in constipation and pain abdomen was more pronounced than diarrhoea. It is concluded that the optimum dose of ispaghula husk in irritable bowel syndrome is 20 g per day. There is some correlation between the increase in stool weight and the improvement in symptom score but the whole gut transit time remains unchanged despite alterations in stool weight and patients' symptoms.
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PMID:Optimum dosage of ispaghula husk in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: correlation of symptom relief with whole gut transit time and stool weight. 303 Sep

The irritable bowel syndrome is a common motility disorder of the gut characterized by constipation, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Symptoms are markedly influenced by psychological factors. The diagnosis is based on typical symptoms and exclusion of organic diseases. Psychological support by the physician is an important part of the patients' treatment. High fiber diets and bulking agents may be prescribed in addition. Antispasmodic and antidiarrheal drugs should be given only the shortest time possible, while psychotropic drugs are seldom necessary.
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PMID:[Rational diagnosis and therapy of irritable colon]. 303 67

Stress can modulate the motor function of the stomach, small bowel, and colon in healthy subjects, and of the small bowel and colon in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The effect of stress on oesophageal motility in eight healthy subjects and in eight IBS patients was studied, using two pressure transducers positioned just above the lower oesophageal sphincter and 5 cm proximally. Stressors were: a video arcade game, delayed audio feedback, and hand immersion in cold water. Each stress period was followed by five swallows of water. Frequency and amplitude of oesophageal contractions and the number of simultaneous and multipeaked contractions were manually counted for each stress period and compared to the preceding rest period. Frequency of contractions (per minute) tended to decrease during stress periods, but achieved significance only with the video arcade game in the control group (2.0 (0.6) v 1.2 (0.4); p less than 0.01). No other trend was evident in either control or IBS patients. No abnormalities of oesophageal body function were recorded in IBS patients either in basal conditions, or under stress. Unlike the more complex motor programmes elsewhere in the gut, the preprogrammed nature of oesophageal peristalsis is not modulated by stress.
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PMID:Effect of stress on oesophageal motor function in normal subjects and in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. 320 18

Therapy of irritable bowel syndrome is disappointing. Since irritable gut (IG) accounts for 20-40% of all consultations, an investigation was carried out in IG patients treated by relaxation and its effect on the number of consultations, attacks of pain, and psychological profile (MMPI) after a period of time. A control group (C) received conventional treatment. The relaxation group (R) was treated simultaneously for a 6-month period. The number of consultations in the C patients was 53 before and 41 after conventional treatment. Consultations in the R group fell from 74 before to 6 after relaxation therapy. Two-monthly attacks of pain in the R group fell to zero, while there was no change in the C group on this score. The MMPI changes are original and worth stressing. The improvement immediately, and 40 months, after the relaxation course was significant.
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PMID:[Anthropo-analytical relaxation in irritable bowel syndrome: results 40 months later]. 331 84

Disturbances in gut motor activity have been proposed as a characteristic phenomenon in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The symptoms are often associated with food intake. Several neuropeptides have a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on intestinal smooth muscle contraction. Studies on basal and postprandial plasma levels of different neuropeptides have therefore been performed in patients with IBS and been compared with those of a control group. In the whole group of IBS patients no typical gut hormone profile was found in plasma. When the IBS patients were divided into subgroups based on the predominant syndrome changes in the plasma levels of gastrin, motilin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) were seen. In diarrhoea fasting levels of motilin and PP and postprandial level of PP were increased. In constipated patients fasting levels of gastrin and motilin and postprandial levels of gastrin, motilin and PP were decreased. Fasting and postprandial levels of gastrin were also decreased in patients with predominantly abdominal pain.
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PMID:Are gut peptides responsible for the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? 347 12

Patients with the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often have symptoms from both proximal and distal parts of the gut. Motility disturbances have been reported to occur from the esophagus to the distal colon in IBS patients. The patients often have a decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure and various abnormalities of esophageal peristalsis. Mean transit time in the small intestine after a meal is short in patients with diarrhoea, and long in patients with constipation and pain compared with normals. IBS patients also show abnormalities of the interdigestive MMC, particularly when exposed to stressful stimuli. Previous studies of the colonic oscillating control potential suggested an increased prevalence of 3/min. slow waves in IBS patients compared with normals, but later studies could not confirm this. Long time measurements with multiple electrodes along the colon show a high prevalence of short-lasting segmental contractions in constipated patients, while both short and long-lasting contractions are decreased in painless diarrhoea. Rectal recordings in IBS patients have shown an increased contractile response up to 3 hrs after a meal. --The disturbed gut motility in IBS patients seems to be due no neural influences rather than strictly myogenic factors.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal motility in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. 347 13

The article presents some individual perceptions of the nature of the disease we call the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), and attempts to rationalise the variable presenting features, the influence of the psyche and the lack of pathological or biochemical markers. Among the topics discussed include the existence of recognisable subsets of the disease, the influence of mental stress, and the pathophysiology of the presenting symptoms. My impression is that IBS is a condition, in which the gut is hypersensitive and hyper-reactive to mechanical and chemical stimuli and as such, can be compared with asthma in the respiratory system. This hyper-reactivity could be caused by increased mucosal permeability, increased numbers and/or responses of effector cells such as mast cells or enterochromaffin cells, and enhancement of intrinsic nerve reflexes by increased activity of efferent vagal fibres.
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PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)--definition and pathophysiology. 347 18

The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a chronic disorder of gut motility with a variable but continuous spectrum of clinical features, affects 15% of the population of developed countries. Its intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms arise principally from the global physiological changes that accompany emotional tension; but the advancing knowledge of neurohumoral control of gut motility has not yet revealed any features pathognomonic for IBS. Persons having IBS exhibit psychoneurotic traits in varying degree; and IBS patients (a minority of the whole) differ from nonpatients in having more severe life changes and in their learned illness behavior.
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PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome: classification and pathogenesis. 355 94


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