Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The evidence reviewed here indicates that pinaverium bromide (Dicetel) relaxes gastrointestinal (GI) structures primarily by inhibiting Ca2+ influx through potential-dependent channels of surface membranes of smooth muscle cells. 2. The in vivo selectivity of pinaverium bromide for the GI tract appears to be due mainly to its pharmacokinetic properties. Because of its low absorption (typical for quaternary ammonium compounds) and marked hepatobiliary excretion, most of the orally-administered dose of pinaverium bromide remains in the GI tract. 3. Orally-administered pinaverium bromide does not elicit adverse cardiovascular side-effects at doses that effectively relieve GI spasm, pain, transit disturbances and other symptoms related to motility disorders. 4. Pinaverium bromide is the only Ca2(+)-antagonist with known therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and certain other functional intestinal disorders.
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PMID:Action of pinaverium bromide, a calcium-antagonist, on gastrointestinal motility disorders. 217 9

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cimetropium bromide, a new antimuscarinic compound, in relieving symptoms of patients with irritable bowel syndrome over a three month period. Seventy consecutive outpatients were given cimetropium (50 mg tid) or placebo according to a double blind, randomised, parallel groups design. Symptoms were evaluated initially and at monthly intervals up to the end of the study period. One patient receiving placebo withdrew because of treatment failure. Pain score decreased by 40, 66, 85% in the cimetropium group, at the end of the first, second and third months respectively, compared with 26, 32 and 52% reductions among controls (p = 0.0005). At the end of treatment there was a 86% reduction in the number of abdominal pain episodes per day in the cimetropium group compared with 50% in the placebo group (p = 0.001). Constipation and diarrhoea scores decreased by 59 and 49% in the cimetropium treated patients, compared with 37 and 39% in controls, the differences between being not significant. At the end of the study 89% of the patients treated with cimetropium considered themselves as globally improved as opposed to 69% in the placebo group (p = 0.039). The corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the differences between the proportion of improved patients in the two groups were from 11% to 29%. Six patients taking cimetropium complained of slight dry mouth. The results of this study showed that cimetropium bromide is effective in relieving pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
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PMID:Longterm treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with cimetropium bromide: a double blind placebo controlled clinical trial. 218 1

Cimetropium bromide is a new antimuscarinic compound with strong antispasmodic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral cimetropium bromide on total gut transit time in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Forty patients, divided according to their initial total gastrointestinal transit times and presenting symptoms, were treated with cimetropium bromide 50 mg t.d.s. or placebo for 1 month according to a double-blind, parallel group design. Before and after treatment all subjects ingested 24 radio-opaque markers. The total intestinal transit time was determined by evaluating the rate of disappearance of markers from plain X-ray films of the abdomen taken every 24 h for 4 days. Pain and bowel habits were also monitored. Seven patients did not complete the study. Cimetropium bromide significantly (P less than 0.01) shortened the whole gut transit time in patients with prolonged transit time (80.8 +/- 4.0 h before vs 60.8 +/- 6.7 h after treatment) and improved the global clinical condition significantly compared with placebo (P = 0.029). In patients with a short total intestinal transit time, cimetropium bromide had no effect on whole gut transit time and did not significantly improve symptoms. The results of this study indicate that oral cimetropium bromide is effective both objectively and subjectively in a subgroup of irritable bowel syndrome patients with constipation.
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PMID:Effects of cimetropium bromide on gastrointestinal transit time in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. 252 Jun 22

Among 169 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), standard therapy (with clidinium bromide, chlordiazepoxide and isaphaghulla), a compound Ayurvedic preparation (with Aegle marmelos correa plus Bacopa monniere Linn) along with a matching placebo were given in a double blind randomised trial for 6 wk. The Ayurvedic preparation in 57 patients was found effective in 64.9 per cent, while standard therapy (60 patients) was useful in 78.3 per cent. Patients on placebo (52 patients) showed improvement in 32.7 per cent only. Ayurvedic therapy was particularly beneficial in diarrhoea predominant form as compared to placebo. The standard therapy was more useful in the painful form of IBS as compared to placebo and Ayurvedic preparation. In gas predominant form the effect of standard as well as Ayurvedic therapy, was similar to placebo. Long-term follow-up (greater than 6 months) showed that both forms of therapy were no better than placebo in limiting the relapse.
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PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome: therapeutic evaluation of indigenous drugs. 269 93

The effects of pinaverium bromide, a non-absorbable antispasmodic agent, administered locally, on sigmoid-rectal motility was investigated in 20 patients with irritable bowel syndrome. The influence of either pinaverium (10 subjects) or placebo (10 subjects) on a neostigmine-induced increase of sigmoid pressure was assessed and compared by means of computerized electromanometry. The drug was found to counteract significantly the motor effects of neostigmine, thus appearing to be an effective compound for the treatment of functional disorders of the colon.
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PMID:Motor effects of locally administered pinaverium bromide in the sigmoid tract of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. 274 7

Prifinium bromide, an anticholinergic agent, was given to patients with irritable bowel syndrome in an open trial to evaluate the drug's clinical efficacy. The trial lasted four weeks, although two of the 40 patients were treated for only two weeks. Prifinium bromide was judged beneficial in 28 patients (70%), slightly beneficial in six (15%), and not beneficial in six (15%). One case of moderate constipation was the only side effect encountered. In conclusion, prifinium bromide is considered a valuable drug for the management of irritable bowel syndrome.
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PMID:Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with prifinium bromide. 285 17

An open clinical trial with prifinium bromide, an anticholinergic agent, was carried out in 21 patients with irritable bowel syndrome showing clear psychosomatic characteristics. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by comparing the symptomatic severity before, during, and after treatment with prifinium bromide, 90 mg/day for four weeks. Of these 21 patients, 18 patients were allowed to take antacids or lactobacillus preparations concomitantly only when necessary. As a result, marked or moderate improvement in symptoms such as diarrhea and constipation was seen in 43% after two weeks and 86% after four weeks. Prifinium bromide's efficacy in the treatment of abnormal bowel movements was most evident in patients with diarrhea and slightly less evident in patients with alternation of diarrhea and constipation, and in constipated patients. Side effects attributable to the drug were encountered in four (19%) of the patients. None were serious enough to require that use of the drug be discontinued. All laboratory test values were within normal ranges before and after therapy. Overall, prifinium bromide was judged to be useful in 14 (67%) of the 21 patients studied.
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PMID:Results of prifinium bromide therapy in irritable bowel syndrome. 286

Most drugs are ineffective for the long-term treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The beneficial effects of medical treatment of IBS are poor and last for only a relative short time. Over a period of 6 months, we investigated the effectiveness of cimetropium bromide, a new antimuscarinic compound, in patients with IBS. Forty-eight patients were treated at random and in double-blind fashion with cimetropium bromide (50 mg, tid) or placebo for 6 months. Personal diary cards and monthly check-ups guaranteed the monitoring of symptoms (mainly pain). In addition, personality patterns (MHQ-CBA tests) were obtained for the patients before and after therapy, both to detect possible psychoneurotic traits and to observe the changes in these traits in relation to the changes in pain symptoms. Three patients on placebo and one on cimetropium dropped out. At the end of therapy, pain scores had decreased an average of 16% in the placebo group and 87% in the cimetropium group (p less than 0.01). Twenty patients (87%) on cimetropium versus five patients (24%) on placebo considered themselves to be globally improved (p less than 0.01). The MHQ test showed significant improvement in the anxiety score in the cimetropium group only. The CBA test confirmed a significant decrease in anxiety state (STAI-X-1) after cimetropium treatment. Eleven patients (48%) on cimetropium reported side effects (mainly dry mouth and sleepiness), but none withdrew from the study. The results of this trial indicate that long-term treatment of IBS with cimetropium bromide significantly improves symptoms and associated psychological disorders.
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PMID:Oral cimetropium bromide, a new antimuscarinic drug, for long-term treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. 305 43

Cimetropium bromide is an antimuscarinic compound with antispasmodic properties. Its effect on meal-stimulated sigmoid motor activity in 30 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome, mainly with pain and constipation, has been evaluated. The mechanical activity of the sigmoid colon was recorded with a probe with three open-tipped tubes ending 45, 30, and 15 cm from the anal margin. After a recording period of 60 min, 5 mg cimetropium bromide or saline was given i.v., according to a randomized, double-blind design 5 min before a 1000 calorie meal, and motility was then recorded for 2 h. The meal caused a significant increase in motor activity for 90 min in the saline-treated group. Cimetropium bromide abolished the peak of motor activity 10-20 min after the meal and significantly inhibited postprandial colonic motility for at least 2 h (p less than 0.01). This effect provides a rationale for the use of cimetropium bromide in treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome.
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PMID:Reduction by cimetropium bromide of the colonic motor response to eating in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. 336 60

The effect of pinaverium bromide on the colonic motor response to eating was investigated in 10 irritable bowel syndrome patients, by means of an intraluminal probe supporting 8 groups of electrodes. At each site examined from transverse to sigmoid colon, the electromyograms exhibited 2 kinds of spike bursts: short spike bursts (SSB) localized at one electrode, and long spike bursts (LSB), isolated, propagated orally or aborally over a few centimeters, or aborally propagated over the whole length of the colon investigated (migrating long spike bursts, MLSB). Recordings were continuously performed over 24 hr. Each patient received at 7.00 p.m. on day 1 and at noon on day 2 an 800-1000 Kcal meal preceded by IV administration of pinaverium bromide (4 mg) or placebo. After placebo administration, the duration of LSB activity and the number of MLSB were significantly increased over 3 postprandial hr by comparison with the 2 hr preceding the meal. After pinaverium injection no significant postprandial change in LSB and MLSB activity was noted. The SSB activity was not modified after the meals preceded by placebo or pinaverium injection. These results suggest that the inhibitory action of pinaverium bromide on postprandial colonic motility may support the clinical efficacy of this agent in the treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome.
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PMID:Inhibition of the colonic motor response to eating by pinaverium bromide in irritable bowel syndrome patients. 337 38


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