Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Young women report symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), such as pain, bloating, and changes in bowel movements, more often than young men. Young women with eating disorders also report these gastrointestinal symptoms frequently. We hypothesized that if dieting behaviors were associated with these symptoms, the prevalence and frequency of the symptoms would be positively related to dieting severity in young women. We interviewed 301 1st-year college women representing the continuum of dieting severity. We found that severity of dieting was positively related to frequency of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation, and that the women who reported 3 or more symptoms regularly scored higher on a scale for dieting severity. Although this study did not examine the relationship between dieting severity and clinical IBS, the findings suggested that dieting is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in young women.
J Am Coll Health 1996 Sep
PMID:Dieting severity and gastrointestinal symptoms in college women. 890 80

The hypothesis that colonization of the intestinal tract by yeasts (e.g. Candida albicans) can lead to disease in immunocompromised individuals is currently being discussed controversially. Proponents assume that toxins produced by the fungi can trigger such complaints as irritable bowel syndrome of the chronic fatigue syndrome, and that such chronic or recurrent infections may be caused by an intestinal reservoir of yeasts. Opponents of the hypothesis, however, point out that no hard data on the pathogenetic significance of an intestinal reservoir of yeasts are available, controlled studies have failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of antifungal treatment. Discussions are however, hampered by a lack of objective data. The postulated pathomechanisms therefore need to be clarified, diagnostic criteria developed, and the efficacy of the proposed therapeutic measures shown by controlled studies. Until this has been done, assumption about the pathogenicity of yeasts in the bowel, cannot be taken as a basis for binding therapeutic recommendations.
Fortschr Med 1996 Sep 20
PMID:[Pathogenicity of fungi in the intestines--current status of the discussion]. 899 2

Because of their high prevalence in clinical practice, the field of gastrointestinal motility has tended to focus its clinical and research efforts on such functional disorders as nonulcer dyspepsia, the irritable bowel syndrome, and functional constipation. Because these disorders are difficult to define and their diagnosis remains exclusively symptomatic, progress has been difficult in these areas, and advances in clinical gastrointestinal motility generally have been hampered. This review attempts to emphasize the prevalence and importance of "organic" motility disorders, ie, those disorders of gastrointestinal motor dysfunction that are to a greater or lesser extent based on defined pathology and pathophysiology. Although some of these disorders are rare, recent dramatic progress has important lessons for motility in general and should point the way toward a greater understanding of the more common motor disorders.
Gastroenterologist 1997 Sep
PMID:Enteric neuropathology: recent advances and implications for clinical practice. 929 77

IBS is one of the most common of the gastrointestinal disease, but it can be a diagnostic challenge because of the many symptoms that overlap with other such diseases. Most common among the symptoms are abdominal pain, a feeling of intestinal distention or bloating, and either diarrhea or constipation. Patients may be found to have an exacerbation of symptoms with stress, and they may have an increased sensitivity to bowel distention. History and physical examination findings often can be relied on to make the diagnosis, avoiding overuse of laboratory testing. Treatment consists of patient education and support, lifestyle and dietary changes, and use of several pharmacologic agents for symptom relief. Antidepressants are being investigated as a possible additional form of treatment.
Postgrad Med 1997 Sep
PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome. Streamlining the diagnosis. 930 28

Probiotics appear to be useful in the prevention or treatment of several gastrointestinal disorders, including infectious diarrhea, antibiotic diarrhea, and traveler's diarrhea. Results of preliminary human and animal studies suggest that patients with inflammatory diseases, and even irritable bowel syndrome, may benefit from probiotic therapy. Probiotics represent an exciting therapeutic advance, although much investigation must be undertaken before their role in gastroenterology is clearly delineated. Questions related to probiotic origin, survivability, and adherence are all important considerations for further study. More important, each probiotic proposed must be studied individually and extensively to determine its efficacy and safety in each disorder for which its use may be considered.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1998 Sep
PMID:Use of probiotics in childhood gastrointestinal disorders. 974 Feb 6

Lactose intolerance is widespread, with adult-type hypolactasia being the predominant cause of lactose malabsorption. Daily ingestion of less than 240 mL of milk is well tolerated by most lactose-intolerant adults. Some persons with normal lactase activity may become symptomatic on consumption of products containing lactose. Lactose maldigestion may coexist in adults with irritable bowel syndrome and in children with recurrent abdominal pain. Management consists primarily of dietary changes. People who avoid dairy products should receive calcium supplementation and should be advised to read ingredient labels carefully. Several lactase replacement products are available, but their efficacy varies.
Postgrad Med 1998 Sep
PMID:When to suspect lactose intolerance. Symptomatic, ethnic, and laboratory clues. 974 7

Prolonged antigenic stimulation results in lymphocyte shedding of CD27, a member of the tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, and transformation to a stable phenotype capable of synthesizing interleukin-4 (IL-4). Co-expression of alpha4beta7 identifies those cells with gut-homing potential. We have investigated these cell populations in patients with inflammatory colonic disease. Circulating and lamina propria mononuclear cells were isolated from patients with Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), non-inflammatory bowel disease (non-IBD) colonic inflammation and healthy controls. Double and triple colour flow cytometry for CD3, CD4, CD27, alpha4beta7 and intracellular cytokines was performed. Circulating CD4+ CD27- populations were increased in patients with CD (8.8 +/- 0.8%, P < 0.001), UC (12.2 +/- 1.9%, P < 0.001) and non-IBD colitis (10.5 +/- 1.3%, P < 0.01) as compared with controls (6.1 +/- 0.5%). CD4+ CD27- alpha4beta7+ cells were increased in CD (P < 0.01). Lamina propria CD4+ CD27- populations were depressed significantly in CD (P < 0.05), UC (P < 0.02) and non-IBD colitis (P < 0.03). Mucosal CD4+ CD27- cells synthesized IL-4 in preference to interferon-gamma. Thus, colonic inflammation is associated with alterations in gut-tropic circulating and mucosal populations of differentiated memory T cells with the phenotype of predominantly IL-4-synthesizing cells.
Scand J Immunol 1998 Sep
PMID:Variation in gut-homing CD27-negative lymphocytes in inflammatory colon disease. 974 20

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have been used successfully in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and unexplained chest pain. Little information is available regarding their use in other functional gastrointestinal disorders. Clinical charts were analyzed from 37 outpatients (mean age 45 +/- 2 years, 25 females/12 males) with chronic nausea and vomiting that could not be explained by any conventional organic disorder (mean duration of symptoms 28 +/- 8 months). Twenty-one (57%) had chronic persistent symptoms; 16 (43%) had intermittent relapsing symptoms; 13 (35%) also had pain as a dominant complaint. Each patient had been treated with TCAs specifically for the gastrointestinal symptoms (amitriptyline, desipramine, nortriptyline, doxepin, or imipramine), and the subject group was followed for 5.4 +/- 1.1 months. Response (at least moderate symptom reduction using a priori chart rating criteria) occurred in 31 patients (84%), and complete symptom remission occurred in 19 (51%)--in 41% with the first TCA trial. Dose at response averaged 50 mg/day, and outcome was unrelated to TCA used. Logistic regression analysis revealed that pain dominance interfered with remission (P = 0.03), but other clinical characteristics were not predictive of outcome. This uncontrolled clinical experience indicates that the open-label response rate of functional nausea and vomiting to low dosages of TCAs resembles that noted in irritable bowel syndrome. TCAs should be studied in controlled fashion for this and related dyspeptic syndromes, as the success of other treatments is limited.
Dig Dis Sci 1998 Sep
PMID:Tricyclic antidepressants for functional nausea and vomiting: clinical outcome in 37 patients. 975 57

Autonomic nervous system function was assessed in women with and without irritable bowel syndrome using frequency domain measures of heart rate variability. Women were interviewed and placed into the irritable bowel syndrome (N = 25) group based on history of diagnosis and self-report of current gastrointestinal symptoms. Women in the control group denied a history of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms (N = 15). Women were followed for one menstrual cycle with a symptom diary, and during mid-luteal phase they wore a Holter 24-hr electrocardiograph monitor. Women with irritable bowel syndrome demonstrated significantly lower vagal tone as measured by the high frequency spectrum relative to control women. In addition, women with irritable bowel syndrome had a flattened 24-hr pattern of heart rate variability, with significantly lower levels of vagal tone during sleep. These results suggest that systemic sympathovagal balance may be shifted in a subset of women with irritable bowel syndrome.
Dig Dis Sci 1998 Sep
PMID:Evidence for autonomic nervous system imbalance in women with irritable bowel syndrome. 975 78

Bowel dysfunction such as irritable bowel syndrome caused by stress is well described. Previous reports suggest that stress is known to cause the release of endogenous substances such as catecholamine, beta-endorphine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, corticotropin-releasing factor, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). However, the role played by these neurohormonal mediators in bowel dysfunction under stress conditions is not well known. We investigated the influence of water-immersion stress or TRH administration on the expression of 60-kDa, 72-kDa, and 90-kDa heat-shock proteins (HSP60, HSP72, and HSP90, respectively) in rat small intestinal mucosa by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. The cytoprotective function of preinduced HSPs on experimentally induced mucosal damage also was studied. In order to investigate the influence of preinduction of HSP60 on small intestinal damage, the small intestinal lumen was perfused with 1.5% acetic acid 1 ml/min for 15 min with or without pretreatment with water-immersion stress or TRH administration. Expression of HSP60 was significantly increased by water-immersion stress or TRH administration in the small intestinal mucosa, whereas HSP72 and HSP90 did not increase. Interestingly, expression of this protein showed the biphasic peak pattern after water-immersion stress or TRH administration. Each peak was observed 3-6 hr and 21-24 hr after the initiation of water-immersion stress or TRH administration. Immunohistochemical study also showed a significant increment of HSP60 in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of the small intestinal mucosal cells. No histopathologic alteration was observed in rat small intestinal mucosa after each treatment. Small intestinal damage caused by 1.5% acetic acid perfusion was not influenced by preinduction of HSP60. We demonstrated that water-immersion stress or TRH administration specifically induced HSP60, although preinduction of this protein did not show a cytoprotective function in the small intestinal mucosa.
Dig Dis Sci 1998 Sep
PMID:Effect of preinduction of heat-shock proteins on acetic acid-induced small intestinal lesions in rats. 975 81


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