Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to develop a scoring system for selecting patients at high risk of organic diseases of the colon, who would need a colonoscopy or a barium enema, we conducted a study with 14 GPs in the local health care district of Modena. Over one year, 254 consecutive patients who consulted their GP for chronic abdominal pain were asked to answer a guided questionnaire. A checklist of simple parameters suggestive of the presence of organic diseases of the colon was also registered by the GP. For the final diagnosis, the patients underwent either a colonoscopy or a barium enema. Data collected were analysed by means of a stepwise logistic regression analysis to obtain a weighted score for the diagnosis of either irritable bowel syndrome (score less than 0) or organic disease (score greater than 0). Out of the 25 parameters explored, six were significantly more common among patients with organic disease and weighted as positive score (namely ESR greater than 17 mm, first hour, history of blood in the stool, leukocytosis greater than 10,000 cm3, age greater than 45 years, slight fever and presence of neoplastic colonic diseases in first-degree relatives). On the contrary, five parameters were more frequent among patients with irritable bowel syndrome and weighted as negative score (namely visible distension of the abdomen, feeling of distension, presence of irritable bowel syndrome in first degree relatives, flatulence and irregularities of bowel movement). Our scoring system correctly classified 83.5% of the cases, and it was very sensitive (82.4%) for the diagnosis of organic disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:A simple score for the identification of patients at high risk of organic diseases of the colon in the family doctor consulting room. The Local IBS Study Group. 228 44

Sixteen clients afflicted with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were reassessed 1 year following completion of a multicomponent treatment package incorporating progressive muscle relaxation, thermal biofeedback, cognitive therapy, and IBS education. For the 14 patients who kept a 2-week symptom diary, significant reductions in ratings of abdominal pain and tenderness, diarrhea, and flatulence were obtained comparing pretreatment and follow-up symptom-diary ratings. Eleven of 14 clients were improved over pretreatment levels, 57% met the criteria for clinical improvement of at least a 50% reduction in major symptom scores, and all but 1 of 16 rated themselves as subjectively improved.
 ...
PMID:Behavioral treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a 1-year follow-up study. 330 Jul 87

The effects of loperamide in patients with IBS (all had diarrhoea as a main symptom) were studied in a double-blind placebo controlled trial. Subjective overall response stool consistency and six individual symptoms (urgency, pain, frequency, flatulence, borborygmi and painful propulsions) were studied over a 13 week long treatment period. Twenty-one patients out of 25 completed the trial, 11 in the loperamide group and 10 in the placebo group. A significant advantage for loperamide was found for stool consistency (p less than 0.001), pain (p less than 0.02) and urgency (p less than 0.05). Subjective overall response was also significantly better in the loperamide group (p less than 0.03). Self-titration of dose and administration in a single nightly dose was safe and efficient.
 ...
PMID:Loperamide in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome--a double-blind placebo controlled study. 330 3

Twenty-six Nigerians with irritable bowel syndrome are reported. Twenty-three patients (88.46%) belong either to the middle or upper socioeconomic class; 16 patients (61.5%) had predominantly constipation. Six of the patients (23.1%) had their first symptoms before the age of 15 years. No sex preference is shown by this study. The most common symptoms are flatulence and abdominal pain, which is relieved by bowel motion, belching, and/or passage of flatus. Cow's milk, stress, and a local diet of beans are the most common aggravating factors, while another local high-fiber diet of cassava was found helpful in reducing the intensity and frequency of symptoms in some patients.
 ...
PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome in Nigerians. 334 88

About five per cent of the adult population each year will see their doctor with complaints that are finally characterised as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The complaints are constipation (perhaps alternating with diarrhoea), abdominal pain (dull or colicky), abdominal distension, abdominal rumbling and flatulence. The diagnosis of IBS implies that a relevant examination has precluded any organic disease. The etiology is unknown and the syndrome probably does not represent a disease entity. It is therefore difficult, if not impossible, to produce a definite rationale of treatment. However, several aspects of the pathogenesis of the individual symptoms of IBS are well known: 1) chronic constipation is most likely due to fibre-depleted diet, psychological factors, local organic disorders (e.g., anal fissures, hemorrhoids, diverticulosis) and disturbance of the body fluid balance (e.g., high consumption of diuretic compounds such as coffee and tea); 2) pain is related to spasms and motility disturbances causing increased intraluminal pressure; 3) meteorism is not due to an increased amount of intestinal gas, but "air traps" and segmental accumulation of gas seem to occur. Furthermore, psychopathological factors and perhaps also food intolerance may play an etiological role. At present the rationale of treatment in IBS is: 1) management of constipation, 2) ease of spasms, 3) reduction of surface tension of intestinal contents, 4) ease of mental stress.
 ...
PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome: current concepts and future trends. 389 85

The clinical features of 150 consecutive patients with irritable bowel syndrome are reported. All patients were referred to a private practice. There was a marked female preponderance and a wide range of ages. Diarrhoea was predominant in 61,3%. The common symptoms were altered bowel habit, abdominal pain, emotional disturbance, flatulence and distension. Fatigue, weight loss, upper gastrointestinal symptoms, backache and urinary symptoms were frequent. The rectum showed nonspecific loss of vascular pattern, oedema and congestion in 11,4% of patients, but this was readily distinguished from inflammatory bowel disease on histological examination. The incidence of non-smokers in the group was 78,1%. The overall appendicectomy rate was 34%, and 65% of the 92 women had had gynaecological operations. A positive diagnosis was made on a typical history and simple basic investigations. More extensive investigations were required for those patients with markers of organic disease, but these yielded few associated lesions.
 ...
PMID:The irritable bowel syndrome--a study from private practice. 403 10

Three controlled trials were carried out in patients with irritable bowel syndrome to assess the effectiveness of trimebutine in controlling the symptoms of abdominal distension, pain, flatulence, constipation, diarrhoea and dyspepsia. In the first two trials, it was shown that 200 mg trimebutine 3-times daily for 3 days produced rapid relief of symptoms and was significantly (p less than 0.001) more effective than placebo, but not significantly so when the dosage level was halved. In the third trial, the results showed that 200 mg trimebutine 3-times daily for 2 weeks was as effective as 100 mg mebeverine 4-times daily in relieving the major symptoms and in improving motility. No serious side-effects were reported with trimebutine at the dosage used.
 ...
PMID:A three-part controlled study of trimebutine in the treatment of irritable colon syndrome. 698 71

An evaluation was carried out of the effect of domperidone on gastro-intestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Ninety-eight patients were included; 32 in an open pilot study and 66 in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Domperidone was taken at a dosage of 10 mg tablets 4-times daily. At the end of the 4-week treatment, symptoms had disappeared or were at least markedly improved in about 80% of the domperidone-treated patients. Significant superiority of domperidone to the placebo was observed for the symptom clusters 'post-prandial flatulence', 'abdominal pain' and 'abnormal bowel habit'. No side-effects were reported.
 ...
PMID:Use of the peripheral dopamine antagonist, domperidone, in the management of gastro-intestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. 699 28

The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is clinically characterized by a wide variety of symptoms, including dyspepsia, flatulence, nausea, cramping abdominal pain, constipation and/or diarrhea, and nonspecific symptoms, probably reflecting autonomic nervous system overreactivity. Physiologically, the colonic motor abnormality is characterized by an altered slow-wave rhythm, quantitative differences from normal in the repetitive contraction pattern of the rectosigmoid area, and increased colonic muscle responsiveness to hormones such as cholecystokinin and pentagastrin. The diagnosis of IBS involves practical and ethical considerations as well as the need for decisive reassurance of the patient through judicious examination. Treatment of IBS requires a thoughtful and sensitive approach to the patient, recognition of IBS as an important clinical problem, regularization of bowel function, relief of the abdominal discomfort, and intelligent emotional support.
 ...
PMID:The irritable bowel syndrome. A clinical review and ethical considerations. 701 25

We sought to prospectively characterize and compare the symptoms of children > or = 5 years of age with recurrent abdominal pain to previously established criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in adults. For all eligible subjects, a detailed questionnaire concerning characteristics of abdominal pain and defecatory pattern was completed at presentation. In addition, a battery of screening tests was performed and additional evaluation was done at the discretion of their physician. In all, 227 subjects fulfilled the entrance criteria, but 56 were subsequently excluded because of diagnoses of inflammatory bowel disease (nine cases), lactose malabsorption (46 cases), or celiac disease (one case). Of the remaining 171 patients, 117 had IBS symptoms. In the IBS subjects, lower abdominal discomfort (p < 0.001), cramping pain (p < 0.0009), and increased flatus (p < 0.0003) were more common, whereas dyspeptic symptoms such as epigastric discomfort (p < 0.003), pain radiating to the chest (p < 0.009), and regurgitation (p < 0.02) were more common in the non-IBS subjects. Our study not only confirms the clinical heterogeneity of children with recurrent abdominal pain but also concomitantly demonstrates that most children with this disorder have symptoms that fulfill the standardized criteria for IBS in adults. The identification of subgroups of children with recurrent abdominal pain can provide a framework for the diagnosis of functional bowel disease as well as establish the need for invasive and expensive tests.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of symptoms in children with recurrent abdominal pain: resemblance to irritable bowel syndrome. 913 90


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>