Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The assessment of health-related quality of life may be an adjunct to understanding the chronic illness experience and its effects on health outcomes. In this study, we evaluated health-related quality of life of 150 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (63 ulcerative colitis, 87 Crohn's disease). We used a standardized measure, the Sickness Impact Profile, and a questionnaire we developed that elicits and prioritizes the disease-related worries and concerns of patients with IBD. Our preliminary data indicate that: (1) IBD patients experience moderate functional impairment more in the social and psychological than in the physical dimensions; (2) Crohn's disease patients report psychosocial dysfunction to a greater degree than ulcerative colitis patients; (3) IBD patients report greatest concerns about having surgery, degree of energy, and body image issues such as having an ostomy bag; and (4) functional status and patient concerns correlate better with other measures of health status and previous health care utilization than the physician's rating of disease activity. We believe that questionnaires measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) can be used in research and patient care to extend the clinical assessment of patients with IBD. Further work is needed to determine the role of HRQOL relative to disease activity and other physician-based assessments in predicting health outcomes.
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PMID:Health-related quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease. Functional status and patient worries and concerns. 276 5

We report a 10-month-old infant who had arthritis as the initial clinical manifestation of ulcerative colitis. Arthritis is considered to be the most common extraintestinal manifestation of IBD in adults and children. This case emphasizes that arthritis may be the earliest manifestation of IBD even in the very young infant.
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PMID:Arthritis as the initial manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease in early infancy. 277 61

We have previously described circulating autoantibodies to a portal tract antigen in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. In this study the antigen has been shown by double-labelling studies to be specifically located in the nuclei of tissue neutrophils. Using isolated peripheral blood neutrophils and an immunoperoxidase technique, anti-neutrophil nuclear antibody (ANNA) was found in the serum of 84% of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC: n = 32) with a median titre of 1/1000 and a peak titre of 1/500,000. ANNA was also detected in 86% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease alone (IBD: n = 76) with a median titre of 1/10 and a peak titre of 1/10,000. In contrast, only 12% of controls had ANNA, and in none was the titre greater than 1/10. In PSC the ANNA titre correlated with the serum aspartate transaminase concentration, suggesting that it is related to disease activity. In IBD the titre of ANNA was significantly higher in patients with recently active disease. There was no significant difference between the titres seen in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. ANNA was not associated with neutropaenia. The results provide further evidence of involvement of autoimmune mechanisms in inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis.
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PMID:Anti-neutrophil nuclear antibody in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis. 278 79

Histopathologic changes in the gland of Harder (GH) and bursa of Fabricius (BF) were studied during and after infection of 3-week-old broiler chickens with a pathogenic strain of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Plasma cell (PC) necrosis in the GH was seen from 5 to 14 days postinoculation (PI), BF follicular necrosis was observed from 1 to 7 days PI. PC numbers within the GH, counted for 28 days after inoculation, declined and were reduced (P less than 0.01) by 51% at 7 days after inoculation, which coincided with PC necrosis and heterophil infiltration. After 14 days PI, however, PC numbers were equal to those in uninfected controls. Since the GH is a major antibody-producing site in the paraocular area, the reduction in PC number at 7 days PI might indicate compromise of local immunity in the paraocular region and upper respiratory tract associated with IBD.
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PMID:Plasma cell quantitation in the gland of Harder during infectious bursal disease virus infection of 3-week-old broiler chickens. 284

Field trials were conducted to establish the effect of the use of an inactivated oil emulsion vaccine against Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD OEV) in broiler breeder hens, and its effects on their progeny. The performance of 18 broiler flocks, which were the progeny of the IBD OEV vaccinated breeder hens, but which were not vaccinated with a live vaccine against IBD, was equal to that of broiler flocks which were vaccinated with a live IBD vaccine and originated from parent stock that had been vaccinated only against IBD with a live vaccine. In none of the 18 flocks, progeny of IBD OEV vaccinated parents, was IBD diagnosed. In a second stage, 15 broiler flocks were included in the trial: these were derived partly from IBD OEV vaccinated parents, and partly from parents that received only live IBD vaccine at 8-10 days of age. No cases of IBD occurred and all flocks were positive for IBD precipitins at slaughter age. Vaccination with a live vaccine against IBD at the age of 8-10 days had no influence on NCD antibody development after a NCD vaccination at 7 days. No immunosuppressive effect from this type of live live IBD vaccine could be determined under field conditions.
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PMID:The use in practice of inactivated oil emulsion vaccine against infectious bursal disease in broiler breeders and its influence on the progeny: a comparative field trial. 299 89

Until such time as an etiology and specific therapy can be established, it is critical for the pediatrician to recognize the early clinical manifestations of IBD and to initiate appropriate therapy. Most affected children require consultative care with a gastroenterologist comfortable with the unique requirements of the child with IBD. It is our hope that early diagnosis and treatment will not only reduce the frequency and severity of complications, but also allow minimal interference in the child's quality of life.
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PMID:Recognition and management of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents. 304 90

By 1986 the central analysis team of this on-going multinational survey had received a total of 10,682 cases for analysis and had accepted 10,320. In all, some 26 centres in 17 countries, involving over 200 doctors, had participated in this survey. A common protocol was used for data collection; around 98% of all possible data was recorded (using precirculated definitions) and analysed via a computer-aided system in Leeds, England. The construction and format of a series of computer-aided decision-support and teaching programs has been described in an earlier (1982) report. These programs are currently available/in use in 10 countries. The present report concentrates upon an update of current material collated for the survey, some demographic trends, and special subreports (as with IBD survey) concerning acute abdominal pain in children and elderly patients, together with some preliminary data on the value of leucocyte count in patients with suspected appendicitis.
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PMID:The OMGE acute abdominal pain survey. Progress report, 1986. 304 46

The short and long-term effects of postoperative total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on body composition were studied in a randomised series of patients undergoing major colorectal surgery. Ninety-two patients (colorectal cancer: 50, ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease: 42) were grouped according to diagnosis and clinical inflammatory activity. TPN was given for 9.7 +/- 1.1 days. The complication rate was not changed by the TPN. Nitrogen balance was studied during the first week. Body weight, total body potassium, triceps skinfold, serum albumin and body water were measured before and at intervals up to 24 weeks after the operation. Cumulative nitrogen balance in control patients at 7 days after surgery was -47.3 g. Patients given TPN balanced nitrogen intake and output (cancer patients and patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease, IBD) or were in positive balance (patients with active IBD). Weight loss at 1 week after surgery was less in TPN patients compared to controls and this difference remained statistically significant up to 6 months after termination of the nutritional treatment. A similar, although not statistically significant, difference was noted in total body potassium and triceps skinfold. Patients with active IBD regained pre-operative body composition earlier than cancer patients and patients with quiescent IBD. It is concluded that TPN after major colorectal surgery reduces postoperative weight loss and that this effect lasts after termination of the nutritional treatment. In the absence of increased body potassium and increased body water, we conclude that the long-term effect of TPN on body weight is most likely due to preservation of fat.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The immediate and long-term effects of postoperative total parenteral nutrition on body composition. 311 32

Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) was measured in 21 patients with Crohn's disease, in 15 patients with ulcerative colitis, in 12 patients with non-IBD gastrointestinal disease (disease control), and in 28 healthy controls. T-cell subset proportions and serum levels of thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin beta 4, two hormonelike thymic peptides, were also determined. No differences were seen in T-cell subset proportions in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis when compared to healthy controls or to the disease-control group. In vitro IFN-gamma production was markedly decreased in Crohn's disease and in untreated, but not treated, patients with ulcerative colitis. Preincubation of PBM prior to the addition of inducer mitogen resulted in enhanced IFN-gamma production in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis which significantly exceeded that seen either in healthy controls or in the disease-control group. Serum thymosin alpha 1 levels were comparable in all study groups; however, serum thymosin beta 4 concentrations were significantly higher in all patient groups than in the healthy controls. These results confirm a defective in vitro IFN-gamma production in patients with IBD which is apparently independent of endocrine thymus regulation.
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PMID:Defective in vitro gamma interferon production and elevated serum immunoreactive thymosin beta 4 levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. 312 96

Colonic epithelial cells (CEC) were isolated from actively inflamed mucosa of IBD patients and checked for HLA-DR, HLA-DP, and HLA-DQ. Half of the freshly isolated CEC from IBD tissue expressed DR, and one third were positive for DP and DQ. Normal human CEC were then cultured for 24 h and their expression of these markers in response to different types of in vitro stimulation was investigated. A significant increase in the expression of DR, DP and DQ was observed in response to the nonspecific mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), the lymphokine gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) and the epidermal growth factor (EGF). The enhancement of DR expression was more marked than that of DP and DQ. The effect of gamma-IFN was more rapid and significantly more marked than that of either PHA and EGF for all three antigens. EGF appeared to be more potent than PHA in enhancing the expression of DP and DQ. The data from this study indicate that HLA-D region antigens can be induced on human CEC by different types of stimuli and provide further evidence that the expression of these markers in the colonic epithelium is a normal event the magnitude of which can increase under various circumstances. The data also suggest that the increased expression of HLA-D region antigens by IBD CEC occurs as a result of different mechanisms, and that this expression is an indicator of the active participation of the colonic epithelium to the mucosal inflammatory response.
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PMID:HLA-D region antigens on isolated human colonic epithelial cells: enhanced expression in inflammatory bowel disease and in vitro induction by different stimuli. 314 53


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