Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Probiotics are defined viable microorganisms which in sufficient amount reach the intestine in an active state, to be able to exert positive health benefit on the host. Thus far, they have shown particular promise on prevention or treatment of various pathologic conditions. Our aim has been to report the most recent articles (until October 2008), resulting from randomized, double controlled trials, according to the conventional and molecular methods. In this review we have taken into consideration almost all the fields in which the probiotics have been given, either with a prophylactic or therapeutic intent. So far we have summarized the actual results concerning lactose intolerance, acute rotavirus diarrhea, traveller's diarrhea, antibiotic associated diarrhea, Clostridium difficile infection, and the role as adjuvant in Helicobacter pylori eradication. Furthermore, we have synthesised articles concerning the probiotic connection in irritable bowel syndrome, and in inflammatory bowel diseases. Last but not least, the prevention by probiotics of allergic diseases, of bacterial vaginosis, of respiratory infections, and the possible advantage in hypercholesteremic subjects.
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PMID:[Probiotics. A review]. 1944 82

Probiotics are microorganisms exerting beneficial effects on the host. They can be ingested through foods or supplements and their inclusion in these products is regulated in Canada by the Health Canada Health Products and Food Branch. The aim of this article is to summarize current evidence from randomized controlled trials and guidelines from Health Canada, the World Health Organization, and internationally recognized expert committees in the hope that it will help practitioners and professionals recommending probiotics to healthy and diseased patients, with a focus on the Canadian setting. From a general perspective, probiotics can be recommended for prevention of diseases that are associated to altered intestinal ecology. Specifically, they can be recommended for prevention of upper respiratory tract infections and pouchitis, for prevention and management of necrotizing enterocolitis, bacterial vaginosis and antibiotic associated diarrhea, including Clostridium difficile infection, and for treatment of atopic eczema in cow's milk allergy and of infectious diarrhea. Additional substantiated probiotic benefits include prevention of hypercholesterolemia, management of constipation, reduction of recurrent urinary tract infections, improvement of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms, and reduction of antibiotics side effects in Helicobacter pylori eradication. Because probiotics are generally recognized as safe and can be removed with antimicrobial agents, their use should be considered in patients of all ages.
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PMID:Practical approaches to probiotics use. 2479 31

The human microbiome is composed of four major areas including intestinal, skin, vaginal, and oral microbiomes, with each area containing unique species and unique functionalities. The human microbiome may be modulated with prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics to potentially aid in the treatment of diseases like irritable bowel syndrome, bacterial vaginosis, atopic dermatitis, gingivitis, obesity, or cancer. There is also potential for many of the inhabitants of the human microbiome to directly modulate host gene expression and modulate host detoxifying enzyme activity like cytochrome P450s (CYPs), dehydrogenases, and carboxylesterases. Therefore, the microbiome may be important to consider during drug discovery, risk assessment, and dosing regimens for various diseases given that the human microbiome has been shown to impact host detoxification processes.
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PMID:Interplay Between the Host, the Human Microbiome, and Drug Metabolism. 3118 74