Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum seromucoid estimation was carried out in 60 normal controls and 100 patients. (1) The serum seromucoid values in normal subjects ranged between 37-5-127 mg.% (69-35 +/- 17-84). (2) Serum seromucoid levels were found to be increased in patients of abdominal tuberculosis (210-95 +/- 86-49). These values corresponded directly to the severity of the disease. (3) Seromucoid levels came down to normal after three months of antitubercular treatment. (4) There was an inverse relationship between serum albumin and seromucoids. (5) Serum seromucoids were also found to be increased in patients of amoebiasis (157-54 +/- 37-61), with associated active colonic or hepatic disease. Asymptomatic cyst passers had normal levels of serum seromucoids. (6) Serum seromucoid values were within normal limits in patients with tropical sprue and irritable colon syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Seromucoids in chronic bowel disorders of tropics. 86 5

To understand the content of ambulatory family practice and find effective ways to improve clinical service, education and research in the Department of Family Medicine of Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital, we surveyed 14,064 patients from Jan. 1984 to Feb. 1991 and analysed (a) their basic demographic data including sex, age, insurance type, source and residential district and (b) clinical health problems covering 25,679 diagnoses and 148,994 diagnostic visits. Clinical health problems were recorded by the ICHPPC-2 code system. Results of basic demographic survey were as follow: 49.1% of patients was male and 50.9% female; 58.9% fell in the age group of 16-40 years and 22.4%, 12.0% and 6.7% of patients fell into the age groups of 41-65, under 16 and over 65 years respectively; 62.8% was insured usually by labor insurance and 26.9% had no insurance; the commonest referrals were other patients, colleagues, company personnel, doctors, media ... etc.; 58.8% lived in Kaohsiung City and 19.6% in Kaohsiung county. As for clinical health problems, the data showed that the commonest thirty diagnoses encountered at our clinic accounted for 69.3% of 25,679 diagnoses and the commonest ten diagnoses in descending order were medical health examination, acute URI, abdominal pain, uncomplicated hypertension, prophylactic immunization, hepatitis B carrier, back pain, anxiety disorder, viral hepatitis and irritable bowel syndrome. By calculating the average value of each diagnosis in a sample of 148,994 diagnostic visits to evaluate the habits of practice, we found that the commonest ten diagnostic visits at clinic in descending order were diabetes mellitus, hypertension involving target organ, uncomplicated hypertension, gout, hyperthyroidism, duodenal ulcer, tuberculosis, lipid metabolism disorder, other peptic ulcer and depressive disorders; all were chronic diseases. We concluded it was very important and helpful for the development of family medicine program and primary care unit to understand the content of their own ambulatory practice.
 ...
PMID:[The content of ambulatory family practice in Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital]. 156 Apr 75

In search of new therapies in IBD, the introduction of 4-aminosalicylic acid (4-ASA) has been proposed based on the longstanding, positive clinical experience in tuberculosis, the expected similar modes of action due to the close structural analogy to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), an established therapy in IBD, and its inexpensiveness. To better understand the mechanisms of action of aminosalicylates, the intestinal inflammatory response and to develop new, more effective and cost saving drugs it is important to compare 4-ASA with 5-ASA with respect to their pharmacology, mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy. The inhibition of the upregulation of the initial local immune response, the inhibition of the production of inflammatory mediators, e.g. leukotrienes and the direct scavenging of toxic oxygen metabolites are important common antiinflammatory mechanisms. As the clinical experience with 4-ASA is promising, but still limited, 4-ASA currently cannot yet be recommended outside clinical trials. As the costs of 4-ASA are significantly lower compared to 5-ASA, 4-ASA may replace 5-ASA in the near future provided further trials will confirm the therapeutic and pharmacologic equivalency.
 ...
PMID:[Recent therapeutic modalities in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases: 4- or 5-aminosalicylic acid?]. 788 75

The primary feature of IBD which distinguishes pediatric from adult patients is the presence of or potential for significant growth failure. Recognizing this complication before permanent stunting occurs is critically important. The onset of these disorders during childhood also means that many of these children will have a lifetime of disease and therapy, during both growing as well as reproductive years. The impact of this lifelong process on the psychosocial development of the child and adolescent also needs to be recognized and addressed. Treatments must be carefully considered for their chronic adverse consequences (side effects) as well as immediate benefits. This includes the risks of early, and likely repeated, bowel resections as well as potentially mutagenic or teratogenic medications. The resurgence of tuberculosis and other chronic intestinal infections, particularly in certain high-risk pediatric populations, requires a careful consideration of the differential diagnosis of IBD in children. Finally, promising therapies must be tested in children as well as adults to develop the most effective approach to controlling IBD in pediatric patients by taking advantage of potential age-related differences in intestinal immune barrier function.
 ...
PMID:Inflammatory bowel disease: diagnosis and treatment. 804 11

Tuberculosis (TB) is a still prevalent and important disease entity in Korea. TB can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract, and intestinal TB is an important disease of extra-pulmonary TB. The diagnosis of intestinal TB remains a challenge because the signs and symptoms are nonspecific. It should be differentiated from the inflammatory bowel diseases and malignancies, especially Crohn's disease. The diagnosis of intestinal TB should be based on careful clinical evaluation, such as extra-intestinal signs, colonoscopic and histologic evaluation. Newer techniques such as PCR method or test for the diagnosis of latent TB (Interferon-gamma assay) may be helpful. In addition, a high index of suspicion must be kept in mind to ensure a timely diagnosis. Herein, IBD Study Group of the KASID proposes a diagnostic guideline based on currently available evidence and experience, especially those of Korea. We also propose the test which may be helpful to establish the proper diagnosis of intestinal TB.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnostic guideline of intestinal tuberculosis]. 1983 19

The introduction of biologic therapy for the treatment of IBD has substantially changed its management. The safety concerns associated with biologic therapies include the increased risk of infection, autoimmunity, development of lymphoma and demyelinating disease, and the risk of worsening heart failure. There are several strategies for minimizing the risks associated with biologic therapies. Pretreatment strategies include taking a proper history from the patient, physical examination of the patient, screening for latent tuberculosis and ruling out sepsis. Vaccination of patients against vaccine preventable diseases is also recommended. During treatment, patients should be closely monitored and any symptoms that develop should be dealt with early. Education of physicians and patients is also important to allow the early detection of any adverse events.
 ...
PMID:Optimizing the safety of biologic therapy for IBD. 2013 91

It has recently been suggested that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms are due partly to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). This "SIBO hypothesis" has led to the use of antibiotics to treat IBS. Koch's postulates have long been used to establish bacteria as a cause of diseases such as tuberculosis. Because SIBO is not a single organism, we use modified Koch's postulates to argue for antibiotics and an SIBO hypothesis in the pathophysiology of IBS. We show that there is evidence for SIBO, that it is culturable, that antibiotic elimination of the bacteria improves subjects clinically, and that when the bacteria return, the symptoms return. On the basis of proof of a bacterial cause of IBS, antibiotics may be a good choice of therapy.
 ...
PMID:Evaluating a bacterial hypothesis in IBS using a modification of Koch's postulates: part 1. 2037 19

We intended to see the pattern of TJ protein expression along with ultrastructural changes in colonic biopsies from patients with Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and tuberculosis (cTB). Colonic biopsies from 11 patients with active CD and ten patients each with active UC and untreated cTB were taken along with biopsies from six patients with irritable bowel syndrome as controls. These were evaluated for expression pattern of key TJ proteins which included claudin-2 as TJ pore-forming protein, claudin-4 as pore-sealing protein, ZO-1 as scaffold protein, and occludin as TJ protein related to cell migration and polarity. Claudin-2 expression was upregulated along the whole length of intercellular junction (ICJ) in biopsies from patients with active CD and UC in comparison to the biopsies from cTB patients and controls, where its expression was limited to the uppermost part of ICJ. There was reduced expression of ZO-1 in UC, CD, and cTB. On transmission electron microscopic examination, the pentalaminar structure of TJs was destroyed in patients with CD and UC but no significant change was seen in those with cTB and in controls. The expression of claudin-2 was distinctly different in active CD and UC in comparison to its expression pattern in patients with cTB and in controls. The redistribution of claudin-2 expression was in accordance with the TJ ultrastructural changes in patients with UC, CD, and cTB. Altered claudin-2 expression, along with destroyed TJs, may result in loss of selective permeability in patients with UC and CD.
 ...
PMID:Comparative tight junction protein expressions in colonic Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and tuberculosis: a new perspective. 2229 3

Anti-TNF antibodies have acquired a prominent place in the management of IBD (including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), rheumatologic conditions (such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis) and psoriasis. They have a good safety profile, especially when contraindications such as demyelinating disease, active infections and/or abscesses are ruled out, and when necessary precautions to prevent reactivation of tuberculosis are taken. However, with increasing use of these agents, paradoxical adverse events have been reported. Some of these features are shared with the underlying disease for which these drugs are given, making management of these conditions challenging. For example, anti-TNF therapy is used for the treatment of psoriasis, but psoriasiform lesions are sometimes observed in patients receiving therapy. Similarly, anti-TNF therapy is used for the treatment of rheumatologic diseases, but arthralgias and arthritis are sometimes observed in patients receiving anti-TNF agents. We review the paradoxical inflammation induced by anti-TNF agents in patients with IBD, provide hypotheses for the occurrence of this paradoxical inflammation and give practical advice on how to manage these patients.
 ...
PMID:Paradoxical inflammation induced by anti-TNF agents in patients with IBD. 2314 56

Infections and malignancies are a major issue for clinicians in the management of patients with IBD because of concerns about the safety of drugs currently used in treatment, including immunosuppressive agents, steroids and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists. Infections are strongly associated with IBD both in their etiopathogenesis and in their clinical course. A number of viral infections, tuberculosis and other therapy-related infections create challenges for the successful management of intestinal disease with immunosuppressive agents or TNF antagonists. Recently published guidelines offer a strong support to deal with these issues. Major concern about IBD patients with malignancies is related to the consequences of chemotherapy on the intestinal disease, the risk of maintaining immunosuppressant or anti-TNF therapy after the diagnosis of malignancy and the management of a clinical relapse of IBD in patients with a recent diagnosis of malignancy. Further research is required to optimize strategies for IBD patients with malignancies. At the moment, all therapeutic choice is made on an individual basis, with an integrative multidisciplinary approach.
 ...
PMID:How to manage IBD in patients with infections or malignancies? 2279 9


1 2 Next >>