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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common, chronic, relapsing, and potentially disabling disorders in the West which are increasing in prevalence in the rest of the world. They typically afflict young adults in the prime of their lives and, consequently, may inflict a considerable emotional, personal, and socioeconomic toll. Not surprisingly, therefore, their management requires considerable clinical acumen and a fundamental commitment to the many dimensions of the patient-doctor relationship. There the similarities end. Despite a considerable body of recent data reporting a number of abnormalities (both upregulation and downregulation) in various components of the mucosal and systemic immune response in IBS, none of these findings come even close to the inflammatory processes that typify IBD. Furthermore, there is little evidence that those with an established diagnosis of IBS (in contrast to those with IBS-type symptoms in which IBD may have been missed (1)) can evolve into IBD; IBS, regardless of immunological or microbiological findings, should not be considered as a part of the spectrum of IBD. If IBS and IBD are distinct entities, then can they co-exist and lead to diagnostic confusion for the clinician?
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PMID:"Irritable bowel symptoms" in inflammatory bowel disease: diagnostic uncertainty meets pathological reality. 2292 59

Ingestion of food has long been linked with gut symptoms, and there is increasing interest in using diet in the management of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The West has developed an intense interest in specialized, restrictive diets, such as those that target multiple food groups, avoid gluten, or reduce fermentable oligo-, di-, and mono-saccharides and polyols. However, most gastroenterologists are not well educated about diets or their effects on the gut. It is important to understand the various dietary approaches, their putative mechanisms, the evidence that supports their use, and the benefits or harm they might produce. The concepts behind, and delivery of, specialized diets differ from those of pharmacologic agents. High-quality research is needed to determine the efficacy of different dietary approaches and the place of specific strategies.
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PMID:Food components and irritable bowel syndrome. 2568 Jun 68

There is a paucity of studies that compare the differences in published articles submitted from the East and the West in the area of neurogastroenterology and motility (NM). To compare the article topics from the East and the West which have been published, 5 Western (Gastroenterology, Gut, American Journal of Gastroenterology, American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, and Neurogastroenterology and Motility) and 3 Eastern gastrointestinal journals (Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility) were selected based on the impact factor. Published papers were classified into 12 categories and 60 subcategories. The titles and abstracts of review articles, original articles, and meta-analyses from these journals were reviewed for the last 2 years (2013-2014). In case of Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility which is published quarterly, this search was performed for 5 years (2010-2014). Of the total 2656 reviewed articles, 842 (260 from the East and 582 from the West) were classified into the category of NM. The most frequently published papers from the Western researchers were categorized as brain-gut interaction, visceral hypersensitivity, and irritable bowel syndrome, whereas those from the Eastern researchers were categorized as gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and irritable bowel syndrome. This difference between the East and the West is not just due to the journal itself, but it also depends on the author's affiliation and their ability to perform high quality research in the area of the NM. These data provide evidence for the research trend and give valuable information to the researchers for determining subjects for the study and for selecting proper journals for publishing their studies.
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PMID:Comparing the Areas of Interest in the Field of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder and Neurogastroenterology and Motility Between the East and the West. 2635 Oct 91

Chronic constipation (CC) is a common problem in the community and in gastroenterology practice all over the world including India. After release of Rome IV guidelines in April 2016, there is increasing interest among gastroenterologists and physicians in India to look into special issues on CC in the Indian perspective. There are important differences in the bowel habit, definition, epidemiology, and pathophysiology including dietary factors and management of CC in India as compared to the West. As severity and frequency of abdominal pain, a symptom essential to diagnose constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) rather than functional constipation (FC), is less common among Indian patients, FC is commoner than IBS-C in India. The pathophysiological mechanisms of CC may include slow colon transit, fecal evacuation disorder (FED), or a combination of these; though CC in a third to half of patients presenting to tertiary care facilities may result from these pathophysiological mechanisms, most patients presenting to primary care may have lifestyle and dietary issues. The current Rome IV algorithm dictates to explore the underlying physiological factors in the pathogenesis of functional gastrointestinal disorders including CC, which may translate to its personalized management. However, the availability of the methods to explore pathophysiological factors and manage CC caused by FED non-pharmacologically (using biofeedback) in India is limited. Though several pharmacological agents are available in India to manage CC, there are several unmet needs in its treatment. This review explores CC in India in relation to these issues, some of which are unique in the Indian perspective.
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PMID:Chronic constipation in Rome IV era: The Indian perspective. 2864 73

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent and costly condition, with expenditures exceeding US$21 billion annually. As there is no known cure for IBS, treatment is focused on symptom self-management strategies. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the efficacy and overall effect of self-management interventions for patients with IBS. Of the 64 publications that were identified, 20 were included in the systematic review. Self-management interventions were found in diverse formats, including web-based, self-training booklets, individual and/or group interventions with health care providers, and cognitive-behavioral therapy or exercise-based interventions. Different symptom measures were used across the studies, whereas measurement of quality of life was more standardized. Overall, there is robust evidence supporting self-management interventions for improving short-term symptom management and improving quality of life, whereas longer term outcomes are variable. Further studies are needed to use standardized symptom measures and tailor interventions for pediatric populations, and tracking longer term outcomes.
West J Nurs Res 2018 11
PMID:Effects of Self-Management Interventions in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Systematic Review. 2885 52

Traditional Chinese Food Therapy has long been an integral part of dietary practices in Sinosphere Asia. This therapy is defined by the classification of foods into cooling (Yin) and heaty (Yang) and the manipulation of dietary intake of these foods as a therapeutic strategy for chronic diseases. Both functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are chronic, functional gut disorders widely prevalent in Sinosphere Asia. Diet is increasingly recognized as a symptom trigger in FD and IBS, and the evidence suggesting the utility of diet therapies as front-line management is growing, particularly in the West. Specifically, a diet low in Fermentable, Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols is an efficacious therapy for patients with IBS. In contrast, a proportion of patients with IBS in Sinosphere Asia utilize Chinese Food Therapy for symptom management. Chinese Food Therapy provides an attractive target for integration with evidence-based Western dietary therapies as a management strategy in FD and IBS. However, significant gaps in research exist with the utility of Chinese Food Therapy that first need to be addressed. This includes a lack of standardization for heaty and cooling classification, limited mechanistic rationale or clinical studies supporting its efficacy in FD and IBS, and the lack of an ideal practitioner for implementation of Chinese Food Therapy. Hence, the review provides a summary of the role of diet and nutrition in Sinosphere Asia with an emphasis on FD and IBS, and an examination of how modern dietary practices may be able to be integrated into practices in this region.
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PMID:Food Therapy in Sinosphere Asia. 2896 72

Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain/discomfort and altered bowel habits. The use of Lactobacilli as probiotics during irritable bowel syndrome is based on their interesting mechanisms of action and their excellent safety profile but little is known about their clinical efficacy due to the lack of adequately designed clinical trials. The current clinical trial protocol aims to determine the effects of a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and LAFTI L10 as probiotics to improve irritable bowel syndrome symptoms (LAPIBSS). Eighty patients with a positive diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome according to Rome III criteria were recruited to a multicentre, double-blinded, in parallel groups, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Patients were provided with a daily dose of two capsules with two strains of Lactobacilli (5x109cfu/capsule) or placebo for 8 weeks on a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome is to obtain scores of abdominal pain/discomfort assessed with a 100-mm visual analogue scale. The secondary outcome is to obtain scores of bloating, flatus and rumbling tested with a 100-mm visual analogue scale, composite score, stool frequency and stool consistency/appearance assessed with the Bristol Stool Form scale. According to the hypothesis that abdominal pain is mainly the result of a visceral hypersensitivity, the current study protocol aims to provide high quality proof of concept data to elucidate the efficacy of a consumption of a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic strains after 8 weeks, for decreasing abdominal pain. Ethical approval was given by ethics committee French Consultative Committee for the Protection of Individuals in Biomedical Research of the South West (Number CPP08-014a) and ANSM (French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety - Number B80623-40). The findings from LAPBISS will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and at scientific conferences.
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PMID:Lactobacillus acidophilus versus placebo in the symptomatic treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: the LAPIBSS randomized trial. 2898 Sep 35

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder, common in clinic and in the community. It has a significant impact on both society and patients' quality of life. The epidemiology, clinical presentation, and management of IBS may vary in different geographical regions due to differences in diet, gastrointestinal infection, socio-cultural and psycho-social factors, religious and illness beliefs, symptom perception and reporting. Although previous reviews and consensus reports on IBS in Asia have been published, Asia is quite diverse socio-demographically. In this context, India, Bangladesh and Malaysia share some similarities, including: (1) large proportion of the population living in rural areas; (2) rapid development and associated lifestyle changes in urban areas; and (3) dietary, cultural and religious practices. The present review explores the clinical and epidemiological data on IBS from these three major nations in South and South-East Asia. In-depth review of the literature revealed important differences between IBS in the East, as revealed by studies from these three countries, and the West; these include a predominantly rural profile, differences in bowel habit and symptom profile, raising concern with regards to diagnostic criteria and subtyping of IBS, higher dietary fiber consumption, frequent lactose malabsorption, parasitosis, and possible overlap between post-infectious IBS and tropical sprue. Moreover, the current perception on difference in prevalence of the disorder in these countries, as compared to the West, might be related to variation in survey methods.
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PMID:Epidemiological and clinical perspectives on irritable bowel syndrome in India, Bangladesh and Malaysia: A review. 2908 23

Surrounded by speakers of Indo-European, Dravidian and Tibeto-Burman languages, around 11 million Munda (a branch of Austroasiatic language family) speakers live in the densely populated and genetically diverse South Asia. Their genetic makeup holds components characteristic of South Asians as well as Southeast Asians. The admixture time between these components has been previously estimated on the basis of archaeology, linguistics and uniparental markers. Using genome-wide genotype data of 102 Munda speakers and contextual data from South and Southeast Asia, we retrieved admixture dates between 2000-3800 years ago for different populations of Munda. The best modern proxies for the source populations for the admixture with proportions 0.29/0.71 are Lao people from Laos and Dravidian speakers from Kerala in India. The South Asian population(s), with whom the incoming Southeast Asians intermixed, had a smaller proportion of West Eurasian genetic component than contemporary proxies. Somewhat surprisingly Malaysian Peninsular tribes rather than the geographically closer Austroasiatic languages speakers like Vietnamese and Cambodians show highest sharing of IBD segments with the Munda. In addition, we affirmed that the grouping of the Munda speakers into North and South Munda based on linguistics is in concordance with genome-wide data.
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PMID:The genetic legacy of continental scale admixture in Indian Austroasiatic speakers. 3096 70

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), characterized by abdominal pain and bowel dysfunction, treatment focuses on alleviating symptoms. Adherence is crucial for pharmacologic management success. We examined 73 adult's objective adherence to rifaximin using the taxonomy for adherence. Demographic, quality of life (QOL), psychological distress, perceived stress, adverse childhood experiences (ACE), pain, and adherence data were collected. Impaired QOL, elevated psychological distress and perceived stress, and a significant number of ACE were reported at baseline. Average time to prescription initiation was 2.5 days. Once implemented, 92% missed midday dose and persisted 5 days beyond the prescribed dose. High-adherers reported lower pain levels post-rifaximin compared to low-adherers. Objective adherence was significantly lower than self-reported. Objective adherence was not predicted by above variables. Adherence to rifaximin is poor in those with IBS. Future research examining perceived barriers/facilitators toward rifaximin adherence may provide insight into patient-centered, modifiable targets for adherence interventions and improve patient-related outcomes.
West J Nurs Res 2020 07
PMID:Adherence to Short-course Pharmacotherapy in Adults with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. 3144 9


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