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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Small intestinal lactase activity in the health adult is either the same as in early infancy or may drop to very low levels. The behavior of the enzymatic state varies with the ethnic group studied. In those adults with low lactase activity little information is availalbe as to the age at which the lactase decreases. We attempted to determine a) the frequency of low intestinal lactase activity and b) the age at which the change occurs. For this purpose we reviewed in a large number of intestinal biopsies both histologically as well as for disaccharidase activities. The biopsies were obtained from a heterogeneous group of Caucasians, including patients, their siblings and parents. The patients were those with failure to thrive in whom no organic cause could be elicited, and those with the irritable colon syndrome. Patients ranged in age from 6 weeks to 50 years and out of a total of 1, 077 jejunal biopsies, 172 morphologically normal biopsies were selected. The milk drinking habits of 118 subjects and their families were elicited and 31 oral lactose tolerance tests performed. The mucosal lactase activity and sucrase-to-lactase ratio in those 172 individuals were plotted against age. In the first 3 years the mean lactase activity was 32.1 plus or minus 10.1 mumoles/g protein per min and the sucrase-to-lactase ratio was 1.7 plus or minus 0.5 with no change from year to year. However, after age 5 two separate groups emerge. A small group (24.6% of the population) with low lactase activity, and a second group possessing the same mean value for lactase activity as noted in the first 3 years. The low lactase activity group included children and adults with clinical lactose intolerance. These individuals consumed relatively small amounts of milk and when 12 of them were tested with an oral lactose tolerance test the result was a "flat" curve with a maximum rise in blood glucose of 9 plus or minus 3.2 mg/100 ml. The second group consumed more milk averaging 1 quart/day with no discomfort and when 19 were tested with oral lactose tolerance tests the values were normal. This study indicates that low lactase activity in the Caucasian population may make its appearance at the age of 5 years.
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PMID:Correlation of lactase activity, lactose tolerance and milk consumption in different age groups. 117 20

The authors present an account on the therapeutic effect of Hylak drops of Merckle Co. in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. They assume that in the pathophysiological mechanism of the disease an important part is played by intestinal dysmicrobia. After two weeks' administration Hylak, 3 x 40 drops, they recorded in 20 patients with the exception of one female patient (where ex post lactose intolerance was revealed which is a contraindication of this treatment), partial or complete regression of subjective complaints in particular as regards intestinal discomfort and the number of imperative bowel movements. As to objective indicators, they proved changes in the pH of faeces and qualitative as well as quantitative changes of the microbial spectrum in faeces.
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PMID:The effect of Hylak drops on symptomatology in persons with irritable bowel syndrome. 145 59

1. In order to develop an improved differential sugar absorption test for simultaneously assessing intestinal permeability and lactose intolerance, methods were established for determining raffinose, lactose and L-arabinose in human urine. Using NAD(P)H-coupled enzymatic assays and fluorimetry, each sugar was measurable over a concentration range of approximately 3-300 mumol/l in diluted urine specimens. 2. After an overnight fast, 40 normal volunteers drank an iso-osmotic solution containing raffinose, lactose and L-arabinose. The median 5 h urinary sugar excretion was 0.26% of the ingested raffinose, 0.05% of lactose and 17.5% of L-arabinose. 3. In 143 patients with gastrointestinal disease, excretion of both ingested raffinose and lactose was significantly increased in coeliac disease in relapse or in partial remission and in Crohn's disease, but not in the irritable bowel syndrome, coeliac disease in remission or ulcerative colitis. Excretion of lactose, but not raffinose, was increased in patients with mucosal lactase deficiency, whereas excretion of L-arabinose was reduced in all disease groups except ulcerative colitis. 4. Discrimination between diseases was poor when based on individual sugar recoveries, but improved dramatically when excretion was expressed relative to that of L-arabinose. The raffinose/L-arabinose excretion ratio, an index of intestinal permeability, was greater than 0.08 in 15/15 untreated coeliac patients but less than 0.06 in all normal subjects and in 9/9 lactase-deficient patients, 15/16 recovered coeliac patients, 5/6 patients with ulcerative colitis, 13/16 patients with Crohn's disease and 61/62 patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
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PMID:Simultaneous assessment of intestinal permeability and lactose tolerance with orally administered raffinose, lactose and L-arabinose. 216 7

To determine whether bowel symptoms covary in a pattern consistent with the existence of irritable bowel as a distinct syndrome, bowel symptom questionnaires from 2 independent samples were factor analyzed. Samples consisted of 351 18-40-yr-old women who visited Planned Parenthood clinics for contraception and 149 18-89-yr-old women recruited through church women's societies. Factor analysis of 23 bowel symptoms identified 4 factors (clusters of symptoms that were correlated with each other) in both samples. The factor accounting for the most variance in both samples included relief of pain with defecation, looser stools with pain onset, more frequent stools with pain, and gastrointestinal reactions to eating. This irritable bowel factor was not correlated with an objective measure of lactose intolerance. An independent constipation factor was found in both samples to include self-reported constipation, straining with bowel movements, feeling of incomplete evacuation, and rectal bleeding. Thus factor analysis of bowel symptoms supports the existence of a specific irritable bowel syndrome and suggests symptoms that may be used to diagnose this syndrome.
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PMID:Existence of irritable bowel syndrome supported by factor analysis of symptoms in two community samples. 229 88

Lactose malabsorption was studied by the hydrogen breath-test in 23 adults suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (group A) and in 47 healthy subjects (group B). The concentration of hydrogen in end-expired alveolar samples was measured after ingestion of 25 g of lactose. Among the 70 subjects, 6 (8.5 p. 100) were not hydrogen producers and were excluded from the study. Lactose malabsorption was shown in 51 of the remaining 64 subjects (79.6 p. 100). Among these 51 patients, 36 were healthy and 15 had an irritable bowel syndrome. The frequency of lactose malabsorption among the 43 healthy hydrogen producers was 83 p. 100. This value is similar to those observed in other studies (greek and italian). Our results suggest that lactose malabsorption is frequent among the tunisian adult population.
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PMID:[Study of malabsorption of lactose by the hydrogen breath test in a population of 70 Tunisian adults]. 365 17

Lactose malabsorption was assessed by the hydrogen breath test in 40 Italian patients with irritable bowel syndrome and 42 controls without abdominal disturbances. Sixty-five percent of patients were "low milk consumers" (0-250 ml milk per day) compared with 38% of controls (P less than 0.02). Lactose loads of 25 and 50 g caused malabsorption in 82.5 and 87.5% patients and in 55 and 62% controls, respectively (patients vs controls P less than 0.02). Malabsorption was more frequent in the "low milk consumers" group (P less than 0.05). During a four-month lactose-free diet as the only treatment 7.5% of patients became symptom-free (and remained so for a further eight-month diet), 52.5% improved, and 40% showed no change.
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PMID:Lactose malabsorption and intolerance in Italians. Clinical implications. 380 34

By using a centriflo membrane cone filter it has become possible to obtain an ultrafiltrate from a 24-h stool specimen. In this faecal fluid several clinical chemical parameters were analysed, such as pH, osmolality, creatinine, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate and lactate. Reference intervals for these substances were obtained in healthy individuals. The data of this control group were compared to those of patients with diarrhoea due to active inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, lactose intolerance and persons with an ileostomy.
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PMID:A new method for chemical analysis of faeces. 406 27

Lactose intolerance and faecal characteristics were compared in 16 patients with symptomatic irritable bowel syndrome and in age- and sex-matched controls. Faecal stool weight was increased in the irritable bowel syndrome patients, whereas faecal bile acids, fat, volatile fatty acids, and neutral sterols were not significantly different. No lactose intolerance was found in irritable bowel syndrome subjects. Measurements of colonic motility showed only modest activity for both basal and food-stimulated activity. There was a weak correlation between the concentration of total bile acids, deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid and the motility index.
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PMID:Faecal weight, constituents, colonic motility, and lactose tolerance in the irritable bowel syndrome. 648 46

Lactose malabsorption was studied, by hydrogen breath test, in 72 adults suffering from irritable bowel syndrome, in 20 ulcerative colitis patients, and in 69 healthy subjects. The minimum dose of lactose required to cause a positive breath test was determined, and the symptoms caused and the resulting hydrogen eliminated quantified. A high incidence of lactose malabsorption was shown at standard doses (up to 50 g) in both the healthy subjects (70%) and the patients (86% and 85%, respectively). In the irritable bowel syndrome and the ulcerative colitis groups, symptoms occurred with a smaller quantity of breath hydrogen, presumably in association with a greater individual sensitivity of the colon to distension. The threshold lactose dose was notably lower in the diseased subjects who registered as evidence a prevalence of malabsorption at a 20-g lactose load. The pathogenetic role of lactose malabsorption in the irritable bowel syndrome is emphasized, as is the importance of the personal lactose tolerance.
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PMID:Hydrogen breath test quantification and clinical correlation of lactose malabsorption in adult irritable bowel syndrome and ulcerative colitis. 654 90

77 hospitalized patients with chronic unspecific abdominal complaints, in whom any other organic disease had been previously excluded, were investigated for lactose malabsorption; they were subdivided into two groups: 46 patients complaining primarily of colicky abdominal pain and/or intermittent diarrhoea (group 1) and 31 patients presenting with dyspepsia as the predominant symptom (group 2). To establish the exact prevalence of isolated lactase deficiency in the healthy adult population served by our hospital, 40 Italian adult healthy subjects were also studied. The prevalence of lactose malabsorption was significantly higher (p less than 0.005) in patients of the 1st group than in patients of the 2nd group, and in the healthy adult population seen at our hospital (74% vs 35.5% and 37.5%, respectively). Furthermore a high prevalence of lactose intolerance, determined by means of a three-week diet trial (lactose free-diet versus normal diet), was documented among lactose malabsorbers of the 1st group. We concluded therefore that lactose intolerance is a factor in some Italian adult patients who suffer from long-standing aspecific abdominal discomfort, and it should be always considered in these patients, especially when colicky abdominal pain and diarrhoea are present, before the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome is made.
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PMID:Lactose intolerance in adults with chronic unspecific abdominal complaints. 667 46


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