Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Compound F-461, 3-diethylamino-2,2-dimethylpropyl 5-(p-nitrophenyl)-2-furoate hydrochloride, was evaluated pharmacologically and was found to exert non-anticholinergic smooth muscle spasmolytic activity along the gastrointestinal tract of animals. F-461 was additionally discovered to inhibit gastric acid secretion and to prevent cold + restraint stress-induced ulcers. Local anesthesia, both surface and infiltration, was also elicited by F-461. The pharmacologic properties of F-461, as revealed in this study, are indicative of potential usefulness of this drug in the therapy of spastic colon and/or peptic ulcers.
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PMID:F-461, 3-diethylamino-2,2-dimethylpropyl 5-(p-nitrophenyl)-2-furoate hydrochloride, a new non-anticholinergic spasmolytic and gastric acid inhibitor. 98 68

Diverticular disease of the colon is, apart from the irritable colon syndrome, by now probably the commonest disorder of the large intestine. The incidence of the disease seems to be increasing, which might be due to fundamental dietary changes during the last 60-80 years. It has been suggested that the condition may be a dietary deficiency disorder caused by an inadequate intake of fiber in the diet. Undiagnosed diverticulosis can suddenly progress to painful diverticular disease or diverticulitis with no warning. Complications are sometimes life-threatening, and they demand immediately surgical intervention. The optimal medical and surgical management of diverticular disease and diverticulitis is not well defined as no controlled clinical trials are available.
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PMID:[Internal aspects of diverticulosis (author's transl)]. 99 60

In the course of extensive routine screening for bile acid malabsorption a few patients were detected in whom chronic diarrhoea was apparently induced by excess bile acid loss which was neither associated with demonstrable conventional ileopathy nor with any other disorder allied to diarrhoea. In three patients subjected to scrutiny the results obtained were in harmony with a concept of idiopathic bile acid catharsis. Ingestion of cholestyramine was followed by immediate relief, but the diarrhoea recurred whenever this treatment was withdrawn. It it suggested that idiopathic bile acid catharsis should be suspected in patients with unexplained chronic diarrhoea and especially in those with a diagnosis of irritable colon with diarrhoea.
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PMID:Idiopathic bile acid catharsis. 101 17

A patient over 40 years of age who complains of lower abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea or both, and increased flatulence should be suspected of having diverticulosis. When pain becomes more severe and persistent, diverticulitis must be considered. Diagnosis depends on roentgen demonstration of the presence of diverticula. Sigmoidoscopy and barium enema study are essential to exclude coexisting disease but in diverticulitis may need to be postponed until severe local and systemic signs of inflammation have subsided. A number of diseases can simulate diverticulitis, and differential diagnosis may present considerable difficulty. Irritable colon syndrome and acute appendicitis may be indistinguishable clinically from diverticulitis. Differentiation from carcinoma is usually not difficult, but exclusion of coexistent carcinoma may be impossible except by resection. Ulcerative colitis is also easily distinguished except when, rarely, it coexists. Crohn's disease of the colon is less easily differentiated, especially in patients over 40, in whom the two diseases often coexist. Other colonic diseases, such as ischemic colitis, and pelvic inflammatory diseases usually show characteristic features which make them readily distinguishable from diverticulitis.
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PMID:Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of colonic diverticulitis. 103 35

Abdominal epicutaneous electrical activity has been studied in a group of 58 gastroenterically normal subjects or suffering form colon motor pathology. An evident similarity of behaviour was observed in the various groups: 17 out of 18 subjects with irritable colon and 6 out of 7 with subocclusion of the colon presented waves with characteristic amplitude and frequency. This type of electrical activity was present in only 1 normal subject out of 20; 11 patients with paralysis of the colon did not present waves of note; three patients with ulcerative colitis showed behaviour similar to the majority of the normal subjects. The technique illustrated would appear adequate for the study of colon pathology with motility alterations.
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PMID:[Electric abdominal epidutaneous findings in the pathology of colonic motility]. 103 82

Psychopathology and alexithymia were investigated in a consecutive series of 60 patients suffering from large bowel disorders (ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome and appendicitis). Patients with irritable bowel syndrome reported the highest percentage of psychiatric illness and the lowest alexithymic score. Conversely, patients with ulcerative colitis showed very pronounced alexithymic traits with limited psychopathology. Implications for psychosomatic research and treatment are discussed.
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PMID:Large bowel disorders. II. Psychopathology and alexithymia. 105 91

Stressful life events preceding disease onset were investigated in a consecutive series of 60 patients with large bowel disorders (ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome and appendicitis), using Paykel's methodology. Ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome were frequently preceded by events generally regarded as undesirable and involving losses or exits from the social field, which would be specific of a depressed population, while appendicitis seemed to reflect more generic psychosocial difficulties.
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PMID:Large bowel disorders. I. Illness configuration and life events. 105 95

AP isoenzymes were estimated in 292 patients with locomotor diseases and in 124 healthy controls. The diagnostic usefulness of AP determination is increased by estimation of isoenzymes. Investigations were made to study the biological profile of organ specific AP activities: 1. Rheumatoid arthritis and Reiter's syndrome - the total AP and L-AP activities were increased. 2. Ankylosing spondylitis treated by physiotherapy - the total AP, B-AP and I-AP activities were increased. After drug therapy an increase occurred also in L-AP activity while I-AP activity showed no significant change. 3. Progressive OA of hip and knee showed increased levels of total AP and B-AP activities. 4. Degenerative diseases of the spine, chiefly cases of discopathy, showed significantly reduced levels of AP and B-AP activities. 5. In osteoporosis there was an increase in total AP, L-AP, B-AP and I-AP activities. 6. In the active generalised form of Paget's disease, increased levels were found of total AP, B-AP, I-AP and L-AP activities. 7. In neoplastic diseases the isoenzymes can help to reveal metastatic dissemination and thus aid preoperative evaluation. 8. In gout and hyperuricemic syndromes there was a relative increase of B-AP activity and non-significant fall of L-AP activity. Increased levels of L-AP occured in patients with gallbladder disease, after immunosuppressive therapy or after infectious hepatitis. A fall of L-AP levels was found after Corticotrophin and after intraarticular administration of Kenalog. Increased B-AP activities occurred after total hip replacement, in acute or chronic pyelonephritis and in active osteonecrosis and osteoporosis. Anabolic therapy caused a significant fale of B-AP activity to fall significantly. Reduced B-AP levels were also found after antibiotic therapy. Increased I-AP activity was found in cases of osteoporosis, and in secondary amyloidosis; reduced I-AP activity was seen in mucous colitis. The activity of I-AP is assumed to increase as a result of the changed intestinal calcium and phosphorus regulation occurring in association with the enhanced bone tissue metabolism. From this point of view an order of significance is given for the activity of bone pathology in the separate diagnostic groups of locomotor diseases.
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PMID:The clinical significance of serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in locomotor diseases. 105 9

The clinical features of fat-intolerant bowel disturbance, which have been established by study, over a period of 25 years, of bowel disturbance seen in dyspeptic and other patients, are described. Excess dietary fat intake is an etiological factor in the irritable colon syndrome, spastic colon, diverticulosis, and diverticulitis of the colon and in ulcerative and non-ulcerative colitis. All these conditions are manifestations of intolerance to excess dietary fat intake, and are controlled, and their symptoms are cured, by adherence to the fat-free diet: i.e. a diet from which is excluded any fat derived from cow's milk, from the pig, any 'store' or 'depot' fat, and any vegetable fat concentrate.
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PMID:A new look at diarrhoea, diverticulitis and 'colitis' after 25 years of clinical study. 108 16

Diverticular disease comprises a spectrum of illness beginning with the irritable bowel syndrome and progressing to the life-threatening complications of diverticulitis and hemorrhage. Step-wise progression of this disease may be seen but is not invariably present; many patients with diverticulosis do not have preceding symptoms of the irritable bowel syndrome. The typical complaints of irregularity of bowel habits and abdominal pain will usually respond to the relatively new treatment modality of a high fiber diet with added wheat bran. Barium enema x-ray examination remains the primary diagnostic modality in the investigation of diverticular disease, and colonoscopy should be used only in the presence of certain specific circumstances. Surgery, aimed at the treatment of complications of this disease, has progressed to the point where one-stage extirpation of the diseased bowel is recommended.
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PMID:Diverticular disease. 108 3


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