Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of an increase in dietary fiber include: (a) More frequent stools, (b) more voluminous stools, (c) an alteration in the fecal flora, (d) an increase in fecal sterol excretion, and, it appears likely, (e) a reduction in intraluminal pressures in the sigmoid colon. Epidemiologic data comparing global differences in prevalence of certain diseases with the fiber content of diets suggest that there may be a relationship between the two. With a certain amount of post-ad hoc reasoning, it can be shown that some of the known effects of fiber could account for differences in disease prevalence between populations. The prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome is so high that one is forced to concede the very real possibility that the environment, including the diet, may be responsible for symptoms that might not otherwise exist. It remains to be seen whether a marked increase in dietary fiber will prevent the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. It seems fairly certain that, given the preoccupation most of these individuals have with their bowel movements, the large bulky stools resulting from a high-fiber diet satisfy a very basic emotional need to "have a good BM" (meaning large), but whether this leads to better health remains to be proved.
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PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome and dietary fiber. 11 44

Transport of leftover feed from infectious disease (IBD) farms to susceptible flocks on clean premises is believed to have played an important role in the transmission of this disease to new farms and to new areas. Servicemen, caretakers, contaminated equipment and air were suspected in the spread of the disease, but these modes were not demonstrated. Litter, drinking water and samples of feed from feeders of IBD flocks were found to be infectious when added to rations of susceptible chickens but were not when added to drinking water. Infectious bursal agent (IBA) remained viable for at least 6 months in dry litter and in unused dry chicken houses for more than 1 year. IBA was found in circulating blood of infected chickens 36 hours after inoculation, but not after 72 hours. Liver, spleen, thymus, kidney, pancreas and intestines were infectious at 72 hours. Bursa and feces were infectious from 48 hours through 7 days after inoculation. Tests on 4 1/2 to 6-week-old birds from 10-12 farms of each of several broiler complexes in three southeastern states of the U.S. revealed IBA present on a high percentage of farms even though none had used vaccine. Vaccination with modified or unmodified IBA administered to millions of 4-10-day-old chicks gave good protection for the life of broilers and laying birds. Effect of IBD on development of immunity to other diseases will be discussed.
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PMID:The epizootiology of infectious bursal disease and prevention of it by immunization. 18 93

This enquiry, the limits of which are easy to determine, permits one to note that in patients with chronic hemorrhagic colonic disease samples of digestive juice, carried, out at the level of the colonic mucosa, permit isolation of a large number of pseudomonadaceae, these bacteria are extremely various. A single patient may harbour 10 to 12 species. These bacteria, usually harmless, belong to the natural microbiocenoses, but they may under certain circumstances, increase in number and, according to Fabiani, induce severe symptoms or even be fatal. The mass of bacteria isolated and identified did not permit a study of bacterial sensitivity. The most seriously affected subjects clinically, usually had various bacteria which excludes the accusation of one species and eliminates any idea of bacterial specificity in the constitution of the syndromes observed. The disturbance seems to be a consequence of these chronic diseases and not the cause. In fact, no pathogenic germ was isolated, which one might consider to be responsible for the disease. Finally, it is wise to conclude that patients with irritable colon syndromes who formed part of this investigation, simply presented some imbalance in the bacterial flora which was sometimes very marked with a predominance of proteolytic Pseudomonas.
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PMID:[Intestinal bacterial flora in patients with colopathies. Study of samples obtained by colonoscopy]. 19 33

Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks infected with infectious bursal disease (IBDV) virus at one day of age or midway (7 days) through a two-week immunization program for Eimeria tenella showed significantly less (P less than or equal to 0.05) protection against coccidal challenge as measured by lesion scores than chicks given IBDV after 14 days of coccidial immunization. The chicks showed complete protection to later coccidial challenge administered on Day 21. Bursae were markedly smaller from IBDV-infected chicks than from uninfected controls, and pathological changes were extensive. Virus-neutralization tests demonstrated that titers to IBD were higher in chicks exposed to the virus than in unexposed controls.
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PMID:Influence of infectious bursal disease on the development of immunity to Eimeria tenella. 20 82

Prolyl hydroxylase activity in rectal mucosa was found to be significantly greater in 11 patients with Crohn's disease than in 11 control subjects with the irritable bowel syndrome and 16 patients with ulcerative colitis (P less than 0.005). Seven of the patients with Crohn's disease had a histologically normal rectum. This abnormality in apparently normal mucosa supports the concept that Crohn's disease is a 'continuous' disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Although there was no significant difference in prolyl hydroxylase activity between control subjects and patients with ulcerative colitis, those patients with quiescent disease tended to have lower values than those with active mucosal inflammation. Prolyl hydroxylase activity could not, however, be detected in the sera of either healthy control subjects or patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Prolyl hydroxylase activity in serum and rectal mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease. 21 89

Young White Leghorn chickens fed 2.5 microgram of aflatoxin (Afl) per g of diet from hatching until 4 weeks old and infected with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) at 3 weeks old had significantly higher mortality and more severely depressed body weights than chicks with aflatoxicosis or IBD alone. Afl-IBDV chicks also had more extensive gross and microscopic changes characteristic of IBD than did IBDV-chicks. None of the treatments significantly reduced antibody responses to Newcastle disease(ND) and infectious bronchitis vaccines or increased susceptibility to challenge with virulent NDV. In a similar experiment chickens fed Afl from hatching to 7 weeks of age had no marked depression in immune response to ND vaccination.
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PMID:Interaction of aflatoxin with infectious bursal disease virus infection in young chickens. 21 1

Commercial turkey poults 3 to 6 weeks old were infected experimentally by eyedrop with an infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) inoculum obtained from chickens experiencing clinical IBD. The IBDV was passed 6 successive times in poults in an attempt to increase its pathogenicity for turkeys. Regardless of passage level, the IBDV infection in poults was subclinical, with no morbidity, mortality, or gross lesions observed. The bursae of Fabricius from infected poults, however, displayed various degrees of microscopic degeneration and IBDV specific fluorescence at 3, 4, and 5 days postinfection (PI). Infected turkeys also developed low levels of virus-neutralizing antibodies against IBDV at 12 days PI. Uninoculated poults kept in the same unit with infected poults also displayed microscopic changes and IBDV specific fluorescence 7 days after their appearance in inoculated poults. The IBDV was isolated from infected poults only after 5 successive passages of bursal material from infected poults in 9-day-old chick embryos. The IBDV from infected embryos was inoculated into susceptible 3-week-old chickens and 5-week-old poults and produced IBDV fluorescence and microscopic pathology in the bursae of infected poults and clinical IBD in infected chickens.
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PMID:Experimental infection of turkeys with infectious bursal disease virus. 21 3

Fifty adult patients with the self diagnosis of "chronic dysentery" were studied. Their faeces were examined microscopically; they were sigmoidoscoped and their rectal mucosa were examined histologically. Most of them had irritable bowel syndrome. Their sigmoidoscopic appearances were normal and the histology showed only mild increase in the numbers of round cells in the lamina propria. This was regarded as normal for the local population. Ten patients showed cysts of Entamoeba histolytica in the faeces. This was thought to be unrelated to the symptoms. Only four patients had sigmoidoscopic as well as histologic evidence of moderate to severe proctocolitis. One of them was proven to be a case of amoebic colitis. These findings have been discussed.
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PMID:A clinicopathologic study on patients suffering from "chronic dysentery". 23 Aug 12

The difficulty of the diagnosis of psychosomatic disorders is known to be lying in the shortage of time, the inadequate training of physicians and in the similarity of psychosomatic symptoms are compared to those of solely organic diseases. The irritable stomach-even with hyperacidity--and the irritable colon with constipation or diarrhea are among the most frequent disorders caused by psychosomatic mechanisms. The duodenal ulcer and the ulcerative colitis belong to the true somatopsychic and psychosomatic diseases. Precise organic (diagnostic) clarification and differentiated drug therapy are necessary in addition to psychotherapeutic measures.
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PMID:[Psychosomatic disorders of the gastrointestinaltract (author's transl)]. 27 Feb 57

Five hundred and twenty-two African and Indian patients were studied, including 206 with duodenal ulcers, 25 with irritable colon, 51 with oesophagitis, 31 with pancreatitis, 14 with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, 71 miscellaneous gastrointestinal diagnoses and 124 controls. The mean ages were similar in each group. Every patient underwent endoscopy and a detailed psychosocial questionnaire was applied. Comparison of occupations of patients and their patients was investigated on 3 scales, for Status/Prestige (9 levels), Responsibility (5 levels) and Control over Others (10 levels). Significantly more patients with duodenal ulcers were in the lowest group in terms of occupational authority compared to other diagnoses and controls. Similar number of all groups had been urban for their entire life. Stress was present in the 10 days preceding an attack in significantly more Indian males with duodenal ulcers compared to controls. Upward shifts in prestige had not occurred in African male patients with duodenal ulcers when compared to their parents but had occurred among Indian men. More duodenal ulcer patients were in the very lowest occupational authority category compared to other groups. It may thus not be occupational prestige as such that is important, but factors associated with it, such as lack of control over others and, among Indian men, stresses associated with social disruption following upon occupation mobility.
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PMID:A study of occupational status, responsibility and authority in patients with duodenal ulcers, other gastrointestinal diseases and controls. 29 1


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