Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lymphoid cell subsets, including T cells as well as Ig-containing cells in the colonic mucosa and HLA-DR antigens on colonic epithelia, were examined in non-IBD colitis (colitis excluding ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease) by the indirect immunoperoxidase staining method. Mouse anti-CD5, CD8, CD4, IgG, IgA1, IgA2, IgM, IgD, IgE, HLA-DR, and NuIa monoclonal antibodies were used as the first antibody. The results were compared to those of the normal controls and UC. T cell subsets in non-IBD colitis were almost similar to those of the controls and UC. The number of Ig-containing cells of all classes, except for IgA, tended to be increased in non-IBD colitis. In particular, both IgG- and IgE-containing cells were significantly increased compared to those in the controls. Compared to UC, IgG-containing cells were decreased in non-IBD colitis. Namely, in non-IBD colitis, as well as in UC, the change of Ig-containing cells (B cell lineage) was more pronounced than that of T cells. The frequency of the expression of HLA-DR antigens on colonic epithelia in non-IBD colitis was 70%, which was significantly higher than that in controls (0%), but significantly lower than that in UC (100%). Whether the differences in the number of IgG-containing cells, and the frequency of epithelial HLA-DR expression between non-IBD colitis and UC was due to the differences of the degree of local inflammation or due to the differences of the nature of the two diseases was not elucidated in this study.
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PMID:Lymphoid cell subsets in colonic mucosa and HLA-DR antigens on colonic epithelia in colitis excluding ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. 227 31

The irritable bowel syndrome accounts for 30 to 50 per cent of patients cared for by gastroenterology practices. Irritable bowel syndrome is more common than inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, it should not be surprising that some patients with inflammatory bowel disease are initially told that they have irritable bowel syndrome before a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease is firmly established. This article contends that many people have both irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. 240 78

IgG subclass-containing cells in colonic mucosa were examined in three groups; 1) normal controls 2) cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) 3) cases of colitis excluding UC and Crohn's disease (non-IBD colitis) by indirect immunoperoxidase staining method using mouse anti-IgG subclass monoclonal antibodies. The numbers (and proportions) of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4-containing cells in normal colonic mucosa was 80 +/- 29/mm2 (44.6%), 44 +/- 21 (24.1%), 44 +/- 24 (23.7%), 13 +/- 10 (7.7%), respectively. The proportion of IgG subclass-containing cells in normal colonic mucosa was different from the known proportion of IgG subclass in serum. In UC, the numbers of all IgG subclasses-containing cells were significantly increased compared to controls and non-IBD colitis. However, only IgG1-containing cells were increased in proportion (50.3%) compared to normal controls. In non-IBD colitis, the numbers of IgG1- and IgG2-containing cells were increased compared to the controls, but the increases were less than UC, and there was no difference in the proportion of IgG subclass compared to normal controls. The differences in the numbers and in the proportions of IgG subclass-containing cells between UC and non-IBD colitis may reflect differences in the underlying disease process.
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PMID:IgG subclass-containing cells in the human large bowel of normal controls, non-IBD colitis, and ulcerative colitis. 240 97

Cell smears of chicken-embryo-fibroblast (CEF) cultures and bursa of Fabricius from chickens experimentally infected with six different strains of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) were examined for the presence of IBDV by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method of immunoperoxidase (IP) staining using a monoclonal antibody specific for IBDV designated BK70. IBDV of different strains and serotypes were readily detected by the IP method in cell smears prepared from infected CEF cultures and from bursas. Bursal cells were positive for IP stain in most of the infected bursas (87.5%), despite their mild IBD lesions. Positive IP staining of bursal smears was well correlated with the recovery of IBDV from the bursas and with IBD lesions in the bursas. IP stain with a monoclonal antibody (BK70) appeared potentially useful for rapid and definitive diagnosis of IBD.
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PMID:An immunoperoxidase monoclonal antibody stain for rapid diagnosis of infectious bursal disease. 244 31

We have studied rectal potential difference (pd) in 200 subjects: 30 healthy volunteers or control patients, 46 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and painless diarrhoea (group I), 60 IBS patients without diarrhoea (group II) and 64 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with (group III, n = 41) or without (group IV, n = 23) rectal involvement. Pd measurement used a rectal perfused probe and a subcutaneous needle both connected, via agar-KCl bridges, to calomel electrodes and a millivoltmeter. Statistical analysis used Student's t-test for paired and unpaired data and Mann-Whitney U-test as appropriate. Mean rectal pd values were, respectively -43.5 +/- 8.7 mV in control group, -32.9 +/- 10.2 mV in IBS-group I patients (P less than 0.001), -41.3 +/- 12 mV in IBS-group II patients (NS), -21.4 +/- 14.1 mV in IBD patients with rectal involvement (P less than 0.001), and -45.1 +/- 14.3 mV in IBD-group IV patients (NS). A histological examination was performed in 36 IBS patients; mean rectal pd was significantly decreased in patients showing abnormal patterns (n = 27, pd = -31.8 +/- 9 mV) compared to patients with normal mucosa (n = 9, pd = -41.1 +/- 6.5 mV; P less than 0.01). These results show that: (1) potential difference is significantly decreased in patients with ulcerative and rectal involvement; (2) in patients with Crohn's disease, normal rectal pd values do not assess the appearance of colonic mucosa above; (3) patients with IBS and diarrhoea also present a significant diminution in mean rectal pd. Although the mechanisms involved remain unclear, rectal pd measurement appears to be an objective test for intestinal mucosae weakness in functional or inflammatory diseases of the large intestine and rectum.
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PMID:Rectal potential differences in irritable bowel syndrome and in inflammatory bowel diseases in man. 248 27

The lesson learned from the studies on oxygen-derived free radicals and several well recognized metabolic and morphologic disturbances associated with IBD and intestinal ischaemia strongly suggests that oxyradicals can be an important mediators of colonic injury in UC. Instead of summarizing of what has been said, a schematic illustration of different pathogenetic factors which can way a vicious circle of destruction is proposed. Unfortunately, a new and specific therapy of UC is as yet not available, because the locus of primary lesion is poorly understood. It is, however, reasonable to search for a complex therapy which could break a chain of pathological processes at several subunits functioning in either positive or negative feed-back loops. In my belief, complementary treatment with free-radical scavengers is to be tested as a new and potentially efficacious modality. In this respect, preliminary encouraging results obtained with local administration of SOD encapsulated in liposomes deserve attention.
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PMID:The role of reactive oxygen metabolites in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis: a speculative synthesis. 248 39

Nutritional support, whether enteral or parenteral, is an important part of the treatment of IBD. Inadequate oral intake, malabsorption, and increased gastrointestinal losses all contribute to malnutrition. Weight loss, cachexia, abnormal body composition, and multiple micronutrient deficiencies are common. Acute repletion of body weight and correction of specific nutrient deficiencies improve the patients' sense of well-being and decrease morbidity, especially in the perioperative period. If a short period of bowel rest (10 to 14 days) is part of the medical therapy of acute exacerbations of IBD, TPN should be administered to prevent further nutritional deficiencies. Chronic undernutrition, and growth failure in children, usually are best treated by intensive enteral supplementation. Prolonged bowel rest and TPN (4 to 6 weeks) have not been shown to improve outcome but may be appropriate in carefully selected patients. Long-term home TPN may be necessary for patients who have short gut syndrome. The mainstay of treatment for IBD is medical therapy including corticosteroids. Timely and appropriate surgery is equally important and should not be considered a last resort. Careful nutritional management is essential but is adjunctive rather than primary therapy.
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PMID:Nutrition and inflammatory bowel disease. 250 55

Functional digestive disorders have their origin in disturbances of the digestive motility control. This control ensured primarily by the "gut brain", which is able to integrate sensitive information from mucosal receptors and to organize an appropriate motor response from a choice of predetermined "programs". The gut brain is in close relationship with the central nervous system (CNS) which collects in fact most of the information and modulates the sensitive integration and the motor response of the enteric nervous system (ENS). Thus, a perturbation of the CNS, such as stress, may induce a dysfunctioning of the ENS, resulting in motor disturbances and finally functional digestive disorders. In a first study involving fasting healthy volunteers, we showed that stress produces a significant reduction of the intestinal migrating motor complexes (MMC). In a second study, patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were subjected to stress and compared to patients with inflammatory bowel disease and to healthy controls. All subjects exhibited a decrease of MMC; however, total depletion was observed in numerous IBS patients, together with a characteristic irregular motor activity which was associated with symptoms. Finally, 24-hour recordings of the intestinal motility in these patients showed an entirely normal pattern during sleep and when abnormalities just awakening in association with symptoms. Stress-induced perturbation of the CNS in IBS patients seems to provoke an inappropriate modulation of the motor activity programmed by the ENS, resulting in motor disturbances and finally in the symptoms of the disease.
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PMID:[Motility disorders of the small intestine in functional intestinal disorders]. 252 25

IBD CT is the single best modality for diagnosis and staging of patients with suspected pancreatic carcinoma. While carefully performed real-time US is an excellent technique for determining the level and etiology of bile duct obstruction, it is of more limited value for diagnosis of tumors in the body and tail of the gland, and is less accurate than IBD CT for assessment of tumor resectability. Thus, most patients require IBD CT for accurate, nonoperative staging. ERCP and angiography continue to be useful adjunctive procedures for evaluation of patients with suspected pancreatic carcinoma, particularly for evaluation of equivocal CT or US findings. An isolated pancreatic mass, that is, a mass with no ancillary CT or US findings of carcinoma (local extension, distant metastases), is a non-specific finding and requires further evaluation with either ERCP or angiography, and perhaps most importantly, with FNAB. Other neoplasms may mimic pancreatic ductal carcinoma, particularly islet cell carcinoma and lymphoma. Pancreatitis also can result in a focal pancreatic mass, simulating a neoplasm. These diseases usually respond to therapy and thus it is essential to confirm the radiologic diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma with biopsy, particularly if surgery is not planned or if chemoradiation therapy is anticipated.
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PMID:Radiologic diagnosis and staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. 253 84

A serological survey for IBD in market guinea fowls gave a total prevalence rate of 44.3% from five different locations in Nigeria. Guinea fowl keets were susceptible to experimental IBD infection and transmitted it to in-contact sentinel chickens. The infected guinea fowl keets showed the typical clinical-pathology and seroconversion for IBD. These results suggest that guinea fowls could play an active part in the epidemiology of IBD.
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PMID:The status of guinea fowls (Numida meleagris) in the epidemiology of infectious bursal disease (IBD) of poultry in Nigeria. 253 77


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