Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022104 (irritable bowel syndrome)
 8,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to determine serum retinol levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and to attempt to elucidate the mechanism of changes in vitamin A metabolism in these disorders. It was found that in 15 patients with active ulcerative colitis, 14 patients with active Crohn's disease and in 3 operated patients with recurrent Crohn's disease serum retinol levels and retinol-binding protein were significantly lower than in controls. Concentrations of vitamin A did not depend on the localization of inflammatory bowel disease, previous ileal resections, duration of the disease or age and sex of the patients. During successful treatment of active ulcerative colitis normalization of serum retinol levels without substitution of vitamin A was observed. Repeated determinations in patients with Crohn's disease who had low serum retinol levels in an active phase of disease revealed normal vitamin A levels in an inactive phase. The absorption of vitamins A and E in patients with inflammatory bowel disease was normal. The normal serum retinol concentrations in patients with diarrhea due to irritable bowel syndrome, and in those with anorexia nervosa exclude the influence of diarrhea and body weight itself on vitamin A levels. The results of this study indicate that serum retinol levels in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease are secondary to the decreased serum retinol-binding protein concentrations, and probably depend on the increased protein catabolism in these disorders.
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PMID:Metabolism of vitamin A in inflammatory bowel disease. 176 54

We review 28 patients with IBD (14 UC and 14 CD) diagnosed in a period of eight years (1982-1990). The age at the onset of symptoms was similar in both groups (8.1-8.7 years), but the delay in diagnosis was significantly higher in CD (16.2 months). Fever, growth retardation and oral and perianal lesions were more frequent in CD. Articular, mucocutaneous and hepatic were the more usual extraintestinal manifestations. All of them were more frequent in CD. The same comment can be made with respect to the abnormal laboratory test results. Colonoscopy including histological studies was the useful diagnostic method. An increase of the incidence of IBD it has been observed.
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PMID:[Inflammatory disease of intestine in the child]. 179 88

Although most T cells express the alpha/beta TCR, the gamma/delta TCR is expressed only on a small percentage of peripheral lymphocytes and CD3+ intestinal T cells. The most striking feature is a wide variation in the proportion of gamma/delta+ T cells in freshly isolated peripheral blood cells from normal individuals and patients with IBD. The augmentation of the gamma/delta+ T cell subpopulation derived from human intestinal biopsies after repeated stimulation with MT, even in the absence of filler cells, suggests that gamma/delta+ cells from human gut mucosa may play a role in generating a primary immune response to MT.
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PMID:Expression of gamma delta T lymphocytes derived from human intestinal biopsies. 183 84

Coarse-spray (CS) administration of a commercial S1133 reovirus vaccine in chickens for prevention of clinical viral tenosynovitis (VT) infection was evaluated. In Expt. 1, one-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) white leghorns were vaccinated with a combination of reovirus, Newcastle disease (ND), and infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccines by CS and infectious bursal disease vaccine by the subcutaneous (SQ) route. In Expt. 2, one-day-old commercial broilers were vaccinated by CS with reovirus vaccine and Marek's disease (MD) vaccine by SQ. In Expt. 3, one-day-old commercial broilers received reovirus vaccine in combination with ND-IB vaccines at 1 day of age by CS and MD vaccine by SQ. Some birds received an initial or second vaccination at 7 days of age by CS or the drinking-water (DW) route. Birds vaccinated by CS at 1 day of age with reovirus vaccine did not produce circulating virus-neutralizing antibody against reovirus, although they had resistance to VT infection. In contrast, initial or booster vaccination at 7 days of age by CS or DW resulted in an antibody response and greater resistance to challenge than did CS vaccination at 1 day of age. There was no difference in efficacy between CS and DW routes at 7 days of age. The reovirus vaccine did not interfere with other vaccines as measured by serologic (ND-IB-IBD) or challenge (MD) studies.
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PMID:Efficacy of coarse-spray administration of a reovirus vaccine in young chickens. 185 16

The criteria now used in an attempt to distinguish irritable bowel syndrome from organic gastrointestinal disease rely almost entirely on symptoms of colonic origin. 'Non-colonic' symptoms, however, arising either from elsewhere in the gut or of a more general nature, are common in irritable bowel syndrome and may have even better diagnostic potential. The prevalence of these non-colonic features was assessed in 107 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome and 295 subjects with other gut disorders. Gastrointestinal type non-colonic symptoms are useful in differentiating irritable bowel syndrome from inflammatory bowel disease but, with the exception of early satiety, are not helpful when there is gastro-oesophageal or biliary disease. More general 'non-colonic' features, such as lethargy and backache, are much commoner in irritable bowel syndrome than in all the organic gastrointestinal diseases studied and have good discriminant function. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified certain features that had a particularly significant independent risk for irritable bowel syndrome. Those were lethargy (relative risk 6.7), incomplete evacuation (RR 5.2), age under 40 (RR 2.1), backache (RR 2.0), early satiety (RR 1.8), and frequency of micturition (RR 1.8). These relative risks can be multiplied together to give an overall risk when more than one of these features is present in a patient. Until a diagnostic test is available more confident diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome can be achieved by identifying symptoms that have good discriminant function. The results of this study indicate that the non-colonic features of irritable bowel syndrome may be especially valuable in this respect.
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PMID:More accurate diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome by the use of 'non-colonic' symptomatology. 156 69

By using two-color immunofluorescence with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and phycoerythrin (PE)-labelled monoclonal antibodies and multiparameter flow cytometry, we investigated lamina propria lymphocyte subsets of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Leu-3/Leu-2 (CD4/CD8) ratio of lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) of CD (mean +/- SD: 1.9 +/- 0.8, P less than 0.01) was significantly decreased compared with controls (3.3 +/- 1.1), because of an increased number of CD8+ lymphocytes. The majority of lamina propria CD4+ cells were CD4+, Leu-8- and CD4+, CD45R- both in controls and IBD tissue. Many lamina propria T lymphocytes were activated, expressing HLA-DR antigen not only in IBD but also in controls. NK cells defined by CD16 and CD 56 (3.0 +/- 1.4%, P less than 0.01) were significantly decreased in patients with UC compared with controls (6.5 +/- 3.0%). A low proportion of B cells in the intestinal mucosa expressed Leu-8 antigen and CD23 antigen. The proportion of activated B cells of LPL was high in IBD mucosa as well as normal mucosa. These findings suggest that local activation of B cells leads to the loss of the expression of Leu-8 antigen and CD23.
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PMID:Two-color immunofluorescence and flow cytometric analysis of lamina propria lymphocyte subsets in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. 191 70

Elevated constitutive expression of major histocompatibility (MHC) class II antigens occurs in the enterocytes of patients with IBD. It has been suggested that this aberrant expression of class II molecules may play a role in the pathogenesis of IBD. We examined two possible reasons for such a finding. 1) Heightened sensitivity of IBD enterocytes to endogenous gamma interferon (gamma IFN) and 2) enhanced endogenous secretion of gamma interferon by intestinal cells in close proximity to the enterocytes (lamina propria lymphocytes). Constitutive and gamma interferon stimulated HLA-DR and DP density on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) from UC patients (IEC n = 13; PBM n = 20), CD patients (IEC n = 14; PBM n = 18) and non-IBD controls (IEC n = 12; PBM n = 20) were measured via flow cytometry (mean channel fluorescence). gamma IFN production by PHA stimulated and unstimulated lamina propria lymphocyte (LPL) cultures of UC patients (n = 11) CD patients (n = 8) and non-IBD controls (n = 11) was measured using a vesicular stomatitis virus/WISH cell bioassay. We found significantly greater gamma IFN secretion by IBD-derived PHA stimulated LPL than from non-IBD stimulated controls (CD = 39.4 +/- 12.4u; UC41.5 +/- 6.8u; NL = 22.4 +/- 8.3u, p less than 0.05) while gamma IFN induced HLA-DR and DP upregulation was no greater in IBD-derived IEC and PBM than in non-IBD controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The expression and regulation of class II antigens in normal and inflammatory bowel disease peripheral blood monocytes and intestinal epithelium. 193 20

The development of new drug therapy is an evolutionary process progressing from clinical success with current treatments through an understanding of interactions in the immune and inflammatory events that culminate in the tissue injury of IBD. The basic immunoinflammatory response is reviewed, with identification of the recognized and potential sites of activity of current therapies. Potential sites and implications for future interventions by newer therapies are discussed as we anticipate the discovery of the etiology and eventual cure for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Inflammatory bowel disease revisited: newer drugs. 197 6

A retrospective review of 27 patients undergoing anal fistulography is presented. The etiology of the 27 fistulas studied are as follows: cryptoglandular infection in 18, IBD in 7 (Crohn's 6, CUC 1), iatrogenic in 1, and foreign body perforation in 1. Twenty-six fistulograms revealed either direct communication with the anus or rectum, or abscess cavities/tracts, or both. Two fistulograms revealed no radiographic evidence of fistula (one patient had two fistulograms). In 13 of the 27 patients (48 percent) information obtained from the fistulograms revealed either unexpected pathology (n = 7) or directly altered surgical management (n = 6). We conclude that anal fistulography in properly selected patients may add useful information for the definitive management of fistula-in-ano.
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PMID:The role of fistulography in fistula-in-ano. Report of five cases. 199 16

There is a strong association between PSC and IBD. PSC is the most common hepatobiliary lesion seen in association with IBD. Whether there are two subsets of PSC, one associated with IBD and one unassociated, is controversial. A lower male to female ratio in patients without IBD supports this view. The demonstration of the haplotype DRw52a in 100% of patients with PSC, irrespective of the absence of IBD, speaks against this view. Patients with isolated PSC tend to present with jaundice, pruritus, and fatigue more frequently than those with combined PSC and IBD. There may also be a difference in bile duct involvement between patients with and without IBD combined with PSC. Apart from usually being a total colitis, either Crohn's colitis or UC, the IBD associated with PSC cannot be distinguished from IBD without PSC with respect to symptoms and clinical course. Patients with combined IBD and PSC may have somewhat worse prognosis than those with isolated PSC. The majority of patients developing BDC have concomitant IBD, suggesting that patients without IBD represent a different subgroup of PSC and run a different clinical course. Most studies have, however, found no differences in epidemiology, pathogenetic factors, clinical findings related to the hepatobiliary disease and prognosis between those who present with PSC alone and those who present with combined PSC and IBD. A major problem when discussing the relationship between IBD and PSC is that the bowel is inadequately examined in many of the studies relating to this question.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Relationship of inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis. 204 87


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