Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021933 (intussusception)
 3,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A beta-glucosidase of Coccidioides immitis was identified in electrophoresis gel separations of the concanavalin A-bound mycelial culture-filtrate-plus-lysate preparation. p-Nitrophenol-beta-D-glucopyranoside was used as the substrate to visualize the enzymatically active fraction in nonreducing gels. The gel-isolated, chromatographically purified enzyme has an optimal pH of 8.0 and cleaves beta-1,3-glycosyl linkages. The alkaline beta-glucosidase was further characterized by a pI of 3.8 to 4.0, optimal activity at 37 to 40 degrees C, and molecular size of 120 kDa as identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified beta-glucosidase is identical to a previously reported 120-kDa antigen (Ag) which reacts with immunoglobulin M (IgM) tube precipitin (TP) antibody in sera from patients with coccidioidomycosis. The TP-Ag was described as a valuable serodiagnostic reagent for detection of specific IgM in patients with early coccidioidal infections. The beta-glucosidase, like the TP-Ag, was localized in the cell wall and cytoplasmic vesicles of parasitic cells (spherules) by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy with specific antiserum raised against the purified enzyme. The boiled cell wall fraction isolated from these same young (presegmented) spherules was partially digested by the beta-glucosidase. Addition of a potent beta-glucosidase inhibitor, 1-deoxynojirimycin, to the parasitic-phase culture medium at a concentration of 200 microM blocked or retarded conversion of arthroconidia to spherules. Antibody was raised in guinea pigs against chromatographically purified 1-deoxynojirimycin which was conjugated with bovine serum albumin. The inhibitor was localized by immunofluorescence in the wall of the 1-deoxynojirimycin-treated cells. We suggest that the spherule wall-associated, alkaline hydrolase functions as a beta-1,3-glucanase to provide for wall plasticity as well as intussusception of newly synthesized wall polymers during the period of rapid diametric growth of parasitic cells of C. immitis.
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PMID:A seroreactive 120-kilodalton beta-1,3-glucanase of Coccidioides immitis which may participate in spherule morphogenesis. 139 46

Hydrostatic reduction of intussusception has, until recently, been accomplished using barium sulfate or meglumine sodium diatrizoate, and has resulted in successful reduction in up to 80% of cases. Pneumatic reduction is an old technique but is new to North America. In a short time, air reduction has been widely accepted. It is easy to perform and success is achieved in over 80% of cases. The advantages of pneumatic reduction include a lower cost, shorter procedure time, and if perforation occurs, there is a lower likelihood of fecal contamination of the peritoneum. The vein of Galen malformation was initially described in 1895. The age at which symptoms occur and the severity of the clinical syndrome depend on the magnitude of arteriovenous shunting. Cross-sectional imaging techniques are helpful for diagnosis and management planning. In infants with high-output congestive heart failure, neurointervention is now the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Pediatric interventional radiology. 175 3

Distension of the stomach with air and fluid was treated successfully in 9 of 10 dogs by use of an indwelling nasogastric tube. A nasogastric tube was used to remove swallowed air and gastric fluid after surgery, as a precautionary measure to prevent recurrence of gastric distention in 2 dogs. A nasoesophageal tube was used to remove retained barium sulfate and saliva in a cat with megaesophagus and esophageal obstruction caused by gastroesophageal intussusception. Passage of the tube through the nose into the esophagus or stomach was easily accomplished in 10 of the 13 animals, requiring only mild restraint and an anesthetic instilled locally into the nostril. Moderate restraint and more than one attempt at passage of the tube through the nose (ventral meatus) were required in the other 3 animals. In one of these, passage through the ventral meatus and into the pharynx could not be accomplished. Of the 12 animals in which the tube was inserted successfully, 11 tolerated it. The tubes remained inserted from 5 minutes to 48 hours (average, 18.5 hours) without clinically detected complications. This technique offers an alternative to orogastric, gastrostomy, or pharyngostomy tubes for initial and continuous intubation and decompression of the stomach and/or esophagus in the dog and cat. It was found to be practical and effective for the removal of air or fluid, but not the removal of coarse food particles.
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PMID:Use of a nasogastric tube for gastric and esophageal decompression in the dog and cat. 372 68

Intussusception is a common pediatric condition in China. Hydrostatic reduction with barium sulfate or pneumatic reduction using air and fluoroscopy has become the standard method in most centers throughout the world. To avoid radiation exposure, reduction without fluoroscopic confirmation was studied. Between 1981 and 1985 a total of 224 children were diagnosed and treated for intussusception. The diagnosis was made correctly on clinical grounds in 184 cases; in 40 cases ultrasonography confirmed the clinical diagnosis. Pressurized air reduction was successful in 217 patients (96.9%); seven patients required operative reduction. Ultrasonograms of the abdomen supported the diagnosis in 40 patients and confirmed subsequent reduction. This experience demonstrates that childhood intussusception can be reduced using pneumatic pressure without exposing the patient to ionizing radiation.
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PMID:Nonfluoroscopic reduction of intussusception by air enema. 763 2

Romano, Antonio H. (University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio), and Dorothy J. Geason. Pattern of sheath synthesis in Sphaerotilus natans. J. Bacteriol. 88:1145-1150. 1964.-Formation of the characteristic sheath of Sphaerotilus natans was followed by immunofluorescence. Fluorescent antisheath antibody was obtained by injecting rabbits with purified sheath material from S. natans, fractionating the serum with ammonium sulfate, and conjugating the globulin fraction with fluorescein isothiocyanate. To follow sheath formation, S. natans was grown on slides immersed in Stokes' medium at 28 C for 9 hr, and was reacted with labeled antibody. The slide cultures were then washed to remove unbound antibody, and were incubated further in fresh medium. Samples were removed at intervals and examined by fluorescence microscopy. Old portions of the sheath remained discretely labeled with no diminution in intensity of fluorescence, whereas non-fluorescent new sheath material appeared at the ends of the filaments. These results indicate that sheath synthesis does not take place by intussusception or diffuse intercalation, but by linear extension of pre-existing sheath. This interpretation was confirmed by a reverse procedure, whereby old sheath was reacted with unlabeled antibody, and new sheath was identified by addition of labeled antibody after further incubation. In this procedure, fluorescence was most intense at the growing tips of the filaments.
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PMID:PATTERN OF SHEATH SYNTHESIS IN SPHAEROTILUS NATANS. 1421 30