Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0021933 (intussusception)
 3,822 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A mass associated with the gastrointestinal tract was detected by sonography in 33 patients. Etiologies included primary or metastatic tumor; intussusception; inflammation secondary to bowel infarction, pancreatitis, or irradiation; and a dilated, fluid-filled gut related to retained gastric contents, obstruction, ileus, or an ileal bypass. Mesenteric or omental changes were identified with inflammation and frequently with metastatic disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by repeat sonography, abdominal radiography, barium examination of the small bowel, computed tomography, surgery, or autopsy. Ultrasound patterns are characteristic in tumor, intussusception, and inflammation; specific features allowing differentiation between tumor and inflammation are described. Colonic haustra, valvulae conniventes, or bowel contours and peristalsis on real-time sonography are helpful in identifying fluid-filled bowel loops.
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PMID:Ultrasound patterns of disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract. 736 Sep 50

In 1978-1988 operations were performed on 92 children: 35 with diverticulitis, 7 with intestinal intussusception, 5 with hemorrhage from an ulcer of the diverticulum, 13 with strangulation or mechanical ileus, 2 with strangulated Littre's hernia, one with torsion of the omentum, 22 with secondary diverticulitis, and in 7 children Meckel's diverticulum was a chance finding during other operations in the cavities. Boys accounted for 60.9' (56) of cases. There were 12 children under one year of age, nine from 1 to 3 years, 17 from 3 to 5 years, 17 from 5 to 7 years, and 12 children aged from 7 to 10 years. The clinical manifestations depended on the pathological changes developing in Meckel's diverticulum. A clinical picture of acute appendicitis developed in diverticulitis, six children had a typical picture of intussusception, and one child had a picture of acute abdomen. Anemia and a stool with dark blood were encountered in hemorrhage from a diverticular ulcer. Seven out of 13 children with ileus had a pronounced clinical picture, in the remaining 5 it was unclear and resembled that of acute appendicitis. Meckel's diverticulum was suspected before the operation in 17 (9.95%) patients. The Volkovich-Dyakonov laparotomy approach was used in 64 children, a pararectal incision in 9, a transrectal incision in 15, a median incision in one patient, hernio-laparotomy was conducted in one and Shpizi's operation in 2 children. Diverticulectomy was accomplished by the oblique-transverse method in 79 children, by the wedge techniques in 5, by the purse-string method in 2 patients, and resection of the intestine with the diverticulum was conducted in 5 children.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Meckel's diverticulum in children]. 767 99

A 19 month-old girl with choledochal cyst received complete cyst excision and biliary reconstruction by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Three months later, intestinal obstruction developed and small bowel intussusception was diagnosed preoperatively by ultrasonography. Laparotomy revealed retrograde jejunojejunal intussusception, involving the distal end of the Roux limb. To best knowledge, this is the first case in a child and the third case having such complication after Roux-en-Y anastomosis, reported in the literature. It should be noted that, if intestinal obstruction develops in a patient who had received this procedure for choledochal cyst, retrograde intussusception, although very rare, should be considered in addition to adhesion ileus.
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PMID:Retrograde intussusception as a complication of Roux-en-Y anastomosis for choledochal cyst--report of one case. 783 89

This study evaluates the role of ultrasound in the monitoring of abdominal symptoms of Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Clinical and radiological records of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms necessitating ultrasound scans were reviewed. Forty-four patients attended The Children's Hospital, Dublin, between August 1989 and December 1992, 15 (34%) of whom had abdominal ultrasound scans. There were 13 boys and two girls, ranging in age from 3.75 to 13.5 years. Abdominal radiographs in 13 patients did not add any significant information. Ultrasound detected thickened bowel wall in all 15 patients (0.4-1.1 cm), free peritoneal fluid in 10, ileus of affected loops in five, and bowel dilatation in eight. Serial ultrasound examinations in 12 patients followed the progress of bowel involvement, with resolution of mural thickening, return of peristalsis, reduction in ascites and bowel dilatation. There were seven intussusceptions in five patients, measuring 2.18-7.4 cm, which were documented as loose in four (i.e. where air or fluid lay between the intussusceptum and the intussuscipiens). Surgery was performed in three patients in the earlier years of the study; serial ultrasound monitoring has enabled a more conservative approach to be adopted in the latter years of the study. We conclude that ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice in evaluating the bowel manifestations of Henoch-Schonlein purpura. It provides an easy, noninvasive, objective method of monitoring patient progress. It allows direct visualization of bowel involvement and detection of complications such as intussusception. Routine abdominal radiographs are not recommended, unless perforation is clinically suspected.
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PMID:Sonographic evaluation of the abdomen in Henoch-Schonlein purpura. 801 95

Small bowel obstruction, excluding postoperative adhesive ileus, in patients > 1 month old treated between June 1982 and May 1992 at Gunma Children's Hospital Medical Center is reviewed. There were 32 patients, 22 boys and 10 girls, whose ages ranged from 1 month to 6 years (median 9 months). Intussusception was the most frequent cause of obstruction and was seen in 17 patients (53.1%). Causative lesions were identified in five patients, and were ileal duplication cysts in four and Meckel's diverticulum in one. Incarcerated inguinal hernia and mesenteric cysts resulted in bowel obstruction in six and three patients, respectively. Other causes included mesodiverticular band, ileal volvulus without malrotation, abnormal adhesion of omentum, abnormal band, vitelline duct remnant and trapping in a mesenteric defect. As for the age distribution, there was no significant correlation between the causes of obstruction and the age of patients. Ultrasonography was useful in differential diagnosis, and this modality should therefore be used in every patient with signs of small bowel obstruction.
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PMID:Small bowel obstruction in children: review of 10 years experience. 810 28

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in white populations, is characterized by dysfunctional chloride ion transport across epithelial surfaces. Although recurrent pulmonary infections and pulmonary insufficiency are the principal causes of morbidity and death, gastrointestinal symptoms commonly precede the pulmonary findings and may suggest the diagnosis in infants and young children. The protean gastrointestinal manifestations of CF result primarily from abnormally viscous luminal secretions within hollow viscera and the ducts of solid organs. Bowel obstruction may be present at birth due to meconium ileus or meconium plug syndrome. Complications of meconium ileus include volvulus, small bowel atresia, perforation, and meconium peritonitis with abdominal calcifications. Older children with CF may present with bowel obstruction due to distal intestinal obstruction syndrome or colonic stricture, and tenacious intestinal residue may serve as a lead point for intussusception or cause recurrent rectal prolapse. Radiologic studies often demonstrate thickened intestinal mucosal folds in older children and uncommonly show colonic pneumatosis, peptic esophageal stricture due to gastroesophageal reflux, and duodenal ulcer. Appendicitis due to inspissated secretions is uncommon. Obstruction of ducts and ductules produces exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, pancreatitis, cholestasis, cholelithiasis, and cirrhosis with portal hypertension. On imaging studies, the pancreas is commonly small and largely replaced by fat, sometimes displays calcifications, and is rarely replaced by macrocysts. Radiologic features of hepatobiliary disease include an enlarged radiolucent liver from steatosis, gallstones, a shrunken nodular liver, splenomegaly, and portosystemic collateral vessels. With the improved survival of CF patients, an increased risk for developing gastrointestinal carcinomas has been established, many occurring as early as the 3rd decade.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. 883 77

CFTR, or cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, the gene product that is defective in cystic fibrosis, is present in the apical membrane of the epithelial cells from the stomach to the colon. In the foregut, the clinical manifestations are not directly related to the primary defect of the CFTR chloride channel. The most troublesome complaints and symptoms originate from the oesophagus as peptic oesophagitis or oesophageal varices. In the small intestinal wall, the clinical expression of CF depends largely on the decreased secretion of fluid and chloride ions, the increased permeability of the paracellular space between adjacent enterocytes and the sticky mucous cover over the enterocytes. As a rule, the brush border enzyme activities are normal and there is some enhanced active transport as shown for glucose and alanine. The results of continuous enteral feeding of CF patients clearly show that the small intestinal mucosa, in the daily situation, is not functioning at maximal capacity. Although CFTR expression in the colon is lower, the large intestine may be the site of several serious complications such as rectal prolapse, meconium ileus equivalent, intussusception, volvulus and silent appendicitis. In recent years colonic strictures, after the use of high-dose pancreatic enzymes, are being increasingly reported; the condition has recently been called CF fibrosing colonopathy. The CF gastrointestinal content itself differs mainly from the normal condition by the lower acidity in the foregut and the accretion of mucins and proteins, eventually resulting in intestinal obstruction, in the ileum and colon. Better understanding of the CF gastrointestinal phenotype may contribute to improvement of the overall wellbeing of these patients.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations in cystic fibrosis. 886 67

Metastasis of lung cancer to the digestive tract (excluding the esophagus) was confirmed by surgery or autopsy in 30 of the 1635 lung-cancer patients admitted to this Center during the 17-year period since 1977. The diagnosis was made before death in 7 and after death in 23. Metastasis of large cell carcinoma was the most common (3.7%), followed by adenocarcinoma (2.4%), small cell carcinoma (1.7%), and squamous cell carcinoma (0.7%). Metastasis to the stomach occurred in 0.4%, to the small intestine in 1.1% and to the colon in 0.5%. The overall percentage of metastasis to the digestive tract was 1.8%. Among the 298 cases diagnosed at autopsy, metastasis to the digestive tract occurred in 9.7%; stomach, 2.6%; small intestine, 5.7%; and colon, 3.0%. Eleven of the patients in whom the diagnosis was made at autopsy had abdominal symptoms while they were alive. In 11 cases diagnosed at autopsy, occult blood was positive in 9, but 6 of those 9 patients were asymptomatic. The occult-blood test is considered to be helpful as a supplementary diagnostic method in detecting metastasis of lung cancer to the digestive tract. Among the cases diagnosed while the patients were alive, metastasis was observed in the small intestine in 6 and in the colon in 1. The major manifestations were melena, ileus, intussusception, and perforation; 4 patients required emergency surgery. The prognosis was poor: the mean survival period from the onset of symptoms was 49 days. The direct cause of death was metastasis to the digestive tract in 5 cases. The possibility of metastasis to the digestive tract is high when progressive abdominal symptoms are observed and the stool is persistently positive on occult-blood tests.
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PMID:[Gastrointestinal metastasis from lung cancer]. 893 39

In the years 1972-1995 41 patients suffering from prolapse of the rectum were operated according to the Moore method. The method is based on the observations which suggest that the cause of prolapse is intestinal intussusception which can be prevented by translocating the anus under the pubic joint. The observation time is from 1 to 23 years. Two patients were reoperated; one-as a result of a recurrence of rectal prolapse and one due to a post-operative adhesive ileus. One patient died as result of peritonitis following an overlooked microperforation in the rectal wall. In the case of the remaining patients, the treatment was fully successful. Regular defecation cycle as well as incontination of stool and flatus returned and the anal sphincters almost fully regained their tension in comparison to the pre-operative state. Early and distant results of surgery of prolapse of the rectum are satisfactory.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of prolapse of the rectum--evaluation of distant results. 902 May 65

A retrospective review of 84 cases of intestinal obstruction admitted to the National Guard Hospital over a period of 10 years was carried out. The main causes of obstruction were: post-operative adhesions, 38 patients (45%); hernia, 17 (20%); pseudo-obstruction, eight (9.5%); intussusception, six (7%); malignant obstruction, four (4.8%); inflammatory obstruction, three (3.6%); volvulus, three (3.6%); and others, five (6%). Large bowel obstruction occurred in only 16 patients (19%). Surgical intervention was necessary in 61 patients (73%) while 23 patients (27%) responded to conservative treatment. Post-operative complications occurred in 14 patients (17%). The main complications were: wound infection, chest infection, prolonged ileus and intestinal fistulae. The mortality rate was 3.5%. The pattern of small bowel obstruction in Saudi Arabia is similar to that in the West, while large bowel obstruction is rather uncommon.
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PMID:Causes and management of intestinal obstruction in a Saudi Arabian hospital. 904 38


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